美国文学简史常耀信版讲义课件.ppt

《美国文学简史常耀信版讲义课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、SectionIISummitofRomanticismAmericanTranscendentalismTranscendentalismTranscendentalismisanAmericanliterary,political,andphilosophicalmovementoftheearlynineteenthcentury,centeredaroundRalphWaldoEmerson.Keys:---Thenewspiritwasneithersocial,norpolitical,norindustrial,noreconomic,norliterary,nor

2、scientific,norreligious.Itwasallofthematonce.Ittranscendedeveryphaseoflife.Itisawholenewwayofthinking.I.Background:foursources1.Unitarianism唯一神教派(1)FatherhoodofGod(2)Brotherhoodofmen(3)LeadershipofJesus(4)Salvationbycharacter(perfectionofone’scharacter)(5)Continuedprogressofmankind(6)Divinity

3、ofmankind(7)Depravityofmankind2.RomanticIdealismCenteroftheworldisspirit,absolutespirit(Kant)3.OrientalmysticismCenteroftheworldis“oversoul”4.PuritanismEloquentexpressionintranscendentalismII.Appearance1836,“Nature”byEmersonIII.Features1.spirit/oversoul2.importanceofindividualism3.nature–symb

4、olofspirit/Godgarmentoftheoversoul4.focusinintuition(irrationalismandsubconsciousness)IV.Influence1.Itservedasanethicalguidetolifeforayoungnationandbroughtabouttheideathathumancanbeperfectedbynature.Itstressedreligioustolerance,calledtothrowoffshacklesofcustomsandtraditionsandgoforwardtothede

5、velopmentofanewanddistinctlyAmericanculture.2.Itadvocatedidealismthatwasgreatneededinarapidlyexpandedeconomywhereopportunityoftenbecameopportunism,andthedesireto“geton”obscuredthemoralnecessityforrisingtospiritualheight.3.IthelpedtocreatethefirstAmericanrenaissance–oneofthemostprolificperiodi

6、nAmericanliterature.MajorwritersandLiteraryWorksRalphWaldoEmerson(1803----1882)HenryDavidThoreau(1817----1862)LouisaMayAlcott(1832----1888)RalphWaldoEmerson(1803----1882)---MajorLiteraryWorksNatureTheAmericanScholarThePoetDivinitySchoolAddressTheOver-SoulThisworkhasthecleareststatementofTrans

7、cendentalistideas.InitEmersonstatedthatmanshouldnotseenaturemerelyassomethingtobeused;thatman’srelationshipwithnaturetranscendstheideaofusefulness.NatureNatureisakindofdisciplinetoman.Onceyouareinnature,totallyinsolitude,youfeelyou’renothing,