英语构词法课件.ppt

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1、英语构词法friendfriendlyfriendlinessunfriendlyfriendlessfriendship2008北京海淀一模完型填空题Asaresult,thepresentationwasnotverysuccessful.Thesetback___________me,andIspokeofittotheclub’sdirector.A.discouragedB.disturbedC.encouragedD.educatedcouragediscouragingencouragedencouragem

2、entencourageencouragingdiscouragediscouragement2008北京海淀一模完型填空题Asaresult,thepresentationwasnotverysuccessful.Thesetback___________me,andIspokeofittotheclub’sdirector.A.discouragedB.disturbedC.encouragedD.educated英语构词法主要有三种：转化、合成与派生。英语构词法种类另外还有截短、缩合等。转化法(conversion)

3、英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。常见的转化形式：1.动词----名词walkHelikeswalkinginthewoods.Let’sgooutforawalk.n.散步类似的词还有Iwanttohaveaswim.Ithasagoodtaste.v.行走常见的转化形式：1.动词----名词stopHestoppedmeatabusstop.n.车站类似的词还有Heisamanofstrongbuild.(v建设n.体格)Becareful.It

4、’sasharpbendontheroad.(v弯曲,n.弯道)v.停止常见的转化形式：2.名词----动词waterMancan’tlivewithoutwater.Youshouldwatertheflower,sinceit’sdry.类似用法:①Didyoubookaseatontheplane?②Pleasehandmethebook.③Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.④Welunchedtogether.n.水v.浇水在动词--名词的转化中,有的单词读音会发生变化.1.Herec

5、ordedhisvoice.(vt.录音)2.WangMengbrokenewrecordinwinterOlympics.(n.纪录)读一读动词----名词1.Horsesweretheonlymeansoftransportinthosedays.ThegoodsweretransportedtoBeijing.2.Sheishopingforawageincrease.Thepopulationhasincreasedgreatly.3.ShegavemeaspecialpresentonChristmasDay.T

6、hemoviepresentsthecharactersinaspecialway.常见的转化形式：3.形容词----动词emptyIt’sanemptybox.Ihadtoemptymybagtofindmykey.v.倒空adj.空的常见的转化形式：4.形容词----名词①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如：Youshouldbedressedinblackatthefuneral.②某些形容词如old,young,poor,rich,wounded,injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下，

7、如：Theoldinourcountryarelivingahappylife.常见的转化形式：5.更多变化down1.Davidbentdowntotiehisshoelace.2.Thebathroomisdownthosestairs.3.Jackdownedthreebeerswithhissteakandfries.4.Andyhasbeenfeelingdownlately.(adv.朝下)(prep.在…下)(v.喝下)(adj.忧郁)2.合成(Compounding):由两个或更多的词合成一个词。class

8、班级+room房间=classroom教室2.合成(Compounding):blacknewsreadingpartcowtimeroomboardboypaper2.合成(Compounding):blacknewsreadingpartcowtimeroomboardboypaper合成词的构成形