最新乳腺解剖上课讲义.ppt

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1、TheportionofthebreastthatextendstowardorintotheunderarmoraxillaisreferredtoastheaxillarytailofthebreastorthetailofSpence.乳房延伸至腋下部分称为腋尾。Axillarytail(TailofSpence)有一层结缔组织称为乳腺浅筋膜,它覆盖乳腺实体组织.乳房位于胸腔前表面,被下面的肋骨和肌肉支撑.在乳腺的下方是胸小肌.胸小肌是较小,位置较深的肌肉.在乳房的旁侧和后侧的较宽的胸大肌.Alayerofconnectivetissuecalled

2、thesuperficialfasciaofthebreastsurroundstheparenchymaofthebreast.Thebreastliesontheanteriorsurfaceofthethoraciccagesupportedbytheunderlyingribsandmuscles.Immediatelydeeptothebreastarethepectoralismuscles.Thepectoralisminorisasmallermoredeeplysituatedmuscle.Thepectoralismajormuscle

3、isabroadmusclethatliesadjacentandimmediatelyposteriortothebreast.胸大肌背阔肌锯前肌指状突起腹外斜肌Thepectoralismajorandminormusclesarebothsurroundedbyalayeroffasciareferredtoasdeepfascia.Thesuperficiallayerofthedeepfasciaofthepectoralismajormuscleisincontactwiththedeeplayerofthesuperficialfasciat

4、hatsurroundsthebreast.Thesetwosurfacesnormallyglideoveroneanotherallowingawoman‘sbreasttomove.Ifanythingweretooccurthatpreventedthistypeofnormalmotionthebreastbecomesimmobileandisreferredtoas“fixed”.Specifically,thissituationmayoccurifacancergrowsfromthebreastintotheselayers.胸大肌和胸

5、小肌被深筋膜包裹。胸大肌深筋膜的表面接触到包裹乳腺的浅筋膜的深层。Pectoralismajorfascia胸大肌筋膜PectoralismajorMuscle胸大肌Superficialfascia(deeplayer)深层浅筋膜Superficialfascia(superficiallayer)表层浅筋膜Retromammaryspace乳后间隙Thearterialbloodsupplytothebreastoriginatesfrombranchesoftheaxillary,internalthoracicandsubclavianarter

6、ies.Thevenousdrainageofthebreastemptiesintobranchesoftheinternalthoracic,axillaryandintercostalveins.乳腺血供来自腋窝、胸内和锁骨下动脉。静脉引流自胸内、腋窝和肋间静脉。锁骨下动静脉腋静脉腋动脉胸内动静脉分支Lymphisafluidthatfiltersbetweenthecellsoftissueandthendrainsintoitsownsetoftransportchannels.Lymphfluidmaycarryinfectiousorgani

7、sms,toxinsorcancerouscells.Thechannelsthatcarrythelymphfluidarereferredtoaslymphatics.Theselymphaticsusuallytravelnearorwiththevascularsupplyofatissue.Smalllymphaticsdrainintolargerlymphaticsandeventuallyallthelymphaticfluidemptiesintooneofthelargeveinsinthethoraciccavity.Alongthe

8、courseoftheselymphaticchannelsare