humana press, volume 247, methods in molecular biologydrosophila cytogenetics protocol外语英文电子书

humana press, volume 247, methods in molecular biologydrosophila cytogenetics protocol外语英文电子书

ID:8081596

大小:6.75 MB

页数:459页

时间:2018-03-05

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1、MethodsinMolecularBiologyMethodsinMolecularBiologyTMVOLUME247DrosophilaDrosophilaCytogeneticsCytogeneticsProtocolsProtocolsEditedbyEditedbyDarylS.HendersonDarylS.HendersonDrosophilaChromosomes11TheChromosomesofDrosophilamelanogasterDarylS.Henderson1.IntroductionDrosophilahavet

2、wobasicformsofchromosomes—mitoticandpolytene—thathavevastlydifferentmorphologiesandcellularroles.Polytenechromo-somesarefoundininterphasenucleiofdifferentiatedcells,beingespeciallyprominentincertaintissuesofthelarvaandadultovary.Theyareproducedbyrepeatedroundsofchromosomerepli

3、cationunhitchedfromnucleardivisioninaprocesstermed“endoreplication.”Amongthelargestandmostfamiliarofpolytenechromosomesarethoseofthelarvalsalivarygland,whichcanconsistof>2000sisterchromatidstightlyalignedinregister.Suchscaled-upchromo-somespermitproductionoflargequantitiesofge

4、neproductsinanarrowdevelopmentalwindow.Thehighlycompactmitoticchromosomes,foundinproliferatingtissues(e.g.,thelarvalcentralnervoussystem[CNS],imaginaldiscs,ovaries,andtestes),aregenome-packagingvehiclesthat,inassociationwiththespindleapparatus,functiontotransmitcompletecopieso

5、fthegenomebetweenmotheranddaughternuclei.Meioticchromosomesalsocanbecat-egorizedasmitoticchromosomes,andsomeoftheiruniquepropertiesaretouchedoninChapters2–5(forrecentreviews,seerefs.1–3).Justasmitoticandpolytenechromosomesservedifferentfunctionsinthefly,theyareexploitedbydroso

6、philistsfordifferentpurposes.Thelargesizeanddistinctivebandingpatternsofsalivaryglandpolytenechromosomes—Darlingtonlikenedthemto“contortedearthworms”(4)—makethemanexcel-lentmaterialonwhichtolocategenesandgeneproductsinsitu(seeChapters13–15)ortofinelymapthebreakpointsofchromoso

7、malaberrations(seeChapters12–13).TheriseofDrosophilamelanogastertopreeminenceasanexperimen-talorganismowesmuchtothesegiantchromosomes.MitoticchromosomesareusefulforinvestigatingbasicquestionsofmitoticandmeioticcellbiologyFrom:MethodsinMolecularBiology,vol.247:DrosophilaCytogen

8、eticsProtocolsEditedby:D.S.Henderson©HumanaPressInc.,Totowa,N

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