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1、Chapter2ThreeViewsonStyleThequestionofwhatstyleisanissuethathascausedheateddisputeamongstylistictheorists.1)Takeanegg,andmakeaperforationinthebaseandacorrespondingoneontheapex.Andthen,applythelipstotheaperture,andbyforciblyinhalethebreath,theshellisent
2、irelydischargedofitscontents.”2)“WhenIwasagal,Imadeaholeineachendandsuck.”1)Whenhisfatherdied,Peterhadtogetanotherjob.2)Afterhisfather'sdeath,PeterhadtoiscjoOng3)Onthedeceaseofhisfather,Mrbrownwasobligedtoseekalternativeemployment.Hemingway/MarkTwain's
3、styleElizabethanstyle,Definitionofstyle:prominentlinguisticfeatures,devicesorpatterns,most(orleast)frequentlyoccurredinaparticulartextofaparticularvarietyofIanguage.II.Threeviewsonstyle2.1StyleasDevianceDeviance:thebreakingofnormalrulesoflinguisticstru
4、ctures./languageusethatdepartsinsomewayfromeverydayusage.(Mukarovsky)---hespeaksofstyleas"foregrounding","theviolationofthenormofstandard,itssystematicviolationiswhatmakespossiblethepoeticutilizationofIanguage;withoutthispossibilitytherewouldbenopoetry
5、"(1970:42).---Example:fillintheblank:???ago([CN]+time)"agriefago"(fromapoemofthatnamebyDylanThomasin2003).ThephraseviolatestworulesofEnglish:---Example:partofthepoem(E.E.Cummings)(1)anyonelivedinaprettyhowtown(withupsofloatingmanybellsdown)3springsumme
6、rautumnwinterhesanghisdidn'thedancedhisdidWomenandmen(bothlittleandsmall)caredforanyonenotatalltheysowedtheirisn'ttheyreapedtheirsamesunmoonstarsrain2.1StyleasChoice---styleaschoicemeansthatstyle"resultsfromatendencyofaspeakerorwritertoconsistentlychoo
7、secertainstructuresoverothersavailableintheIanguage"(TraugottandPratt,1980:29).---notnecessarilyaconsciouschoice.---canbepurelyintuitiveorevenhabitualchoice.Example:DearSir,Imustapologizeforthedelayinrepyingtoyourletterofthe3(0hofDecember…DearJane,I'mt
8、erriblysorrynottohavegotroundtowritingbeforenow---Styleaschoiceisamatterofformorexpression,i.e.aschoiceamongdifferentwaysofexpressingapredeterminedcontent.However,itonlytakesamomentortwotoreflectthatwritersalsochoosecontent.---"Hemingwa
