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1、Issue10.05-May2002TheRemasteredRaceArtificialchromosomesandinvitroscreeningaregivingnewlifetotheeugenicsdebate.Thequestionisnotwhetherwewanttoengineerembryosbuthowfaritshouldgo.ByBrianAlexanderYou'llhearthedebateonCrossfireorNewsHourorperhapsThe700Club.There'llbecove
2、rageinyournewspaper,probablyaccompaniedbythunderingeditorials-ripewithclichéslike"slipperyslope"and"bravenewworld."Itwillsound,infact,alotlikelastyear'sdustupoverstemcellsandcloning.Butthissummer'sbiotechgrudgematchwillbeoverdesignerbabies.Twonewbooksareframingthedeb
3、ate.InOurPosthumanFuture,heavyweightsocialandpoliticaltheoristFrancisFukuyamawarnsof"classwar"andtheeventualobliterationofwhatitmeanstobehuman-allasadirectconsequenceofgeneticfiddling.ItcomesoutApril10.Theverynextday,GregoryStock'sRedesigningHumanswillhitstores.Stock
4、,directoroftheUCLASchoolofMedicine'sProgramonMedicine,Technology,andSociety,celebratesthepromiseofgeneticengineering:longerlifespans,betterhealth,smarterkids.OnWiredNews:• Bush'sCloneBanPlanIrrelevant• LiberalAnti-ClonersUptoBat• Blamingthe'Defective'PeopleIntheensui
5、ngmade-for-TVmatchups,expectFukuyama'sfollowerstotossahandgrenadefromhistory-eugenics.LookforStockandhissupporterstocryfoulandbatthewordawayasarelicfromtheThirdReich.Donotgetcaughtupintherhetoric.Thefactis,eugenicsishere.Broughttoyoubyhightechnologyandthefreemarket,i
6、tlooksnothinglikeaNazinewsreel.Thequestionisn't"Shouldwehaveeugenics?"butrather,"Howfarshouldwego?"Technologyhaspushedtheeugenicmomenttothepointofconception.Nowenhancementisimpossibletodistinguishfromtreatment.Thisisnotanacademicquestion.Thetechnologytocreatewholesal
7、ealterationsinthegenome,andtotakechargeofhumanevolution,isalreadyindevelopment.Takethenotionofanartificialchromosome.Chromos,aVancouver-basedbiotechfirm,isgrowingartificialchromosomesinsidecellsthewaytheJapanesegrowpearlsinoysters.Chromosfarmsthem,seedingcellswithaDN
8、Astructurecalledacentromere.Thenitsscientistsuseamachinecalledaflowcytometertoseparatenaturalchromosomesfromartificialonesatarateof
