欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:9783646
大小:93.50 KB
页数:11页
时间:2018-05-09
《postmethod era richards》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、Post-methodseraJackC.Richards&TheodoreS.Rodgershttp://www.tefl-china.net/2003/ca13648.htmThehistoryoflanguageteachinginthelastonehundredyearshasbeencharacterizedbyasearchformoreeffectivewaysofteachingsecondorforeignlanguages.Thecommonestsolutiontothe“languageteachingprob
2、lem”wasseentolieintheadoptionofanewteachingapproachormethod.Oneresultofthistrendwastheeraofso-calleddesignerorbrand-namemethods,thatis,packagedsolutionsthatcanbedescribedandmarketedforuseanywhereintheworld.Thus,theDirectMethodwasenthusiasticallyembracedintheearlypartofth
3、etwentiethcenturyasanimprovementoverGrammarTranslation.Inthe1950stheAudiolingualMethodwasthoughttoprovideawayforward,incorporatingthelatestinsightsfromthesciencesoflinguisticsandpsychology.AstheAudiolingualMethodbegantofadeinthe1970s,particularlyintheUnitedStates,avariet
4、yofguru-ledmethodsemergedtofillthevacuumcreatedbythediscreditingofAudiolingualism,suchastheSilentWay,TotalPhysicalResponse,andSuggestopedia.Whilethesehaddeclinedsubstantiallybythe1990s,new“breakthroughs”continuetobeannouncedfromtimetotime,suchasTask-BasedInstruction,Neur
5、olinguisticProgramming,andMultipleIntelligences,andtheseattractvaryinglevelsofsupport.MainstreamlanguageteachingonbothsidesoftheAtlantic,however,optedforCommunicativeLanguageTeaching(CLT)astherecommendedbasisforlanguageteachingmethodologyinthe1980sanditcontinuestobeconsi
6、deredthemostplausiblebasisforlanguageteachingtoday,CLTistodayunderstoodtomeanlittlemorethanasetofverygeneralprinciplesthatcanbeappliedandinterpretedinavarietyofways.Wehavedescribedanapproachasasetofbeliefsandprinciplesthatcanbeusedasthebasisforteachingalanguage.Thefollow
7、ingareexamplesofapproaches:—CommunicativeLanguageTeaching—Competency-BasedLanguageTeaching—Content-BasedInstruction—CooperativeLearning—LexicalApproaches—MultipleIntelligences—TheNaturalApproach—NeurolinguisticProgramming—Task-BasedLanguageTeaching—WholeLanguageEachofthe
8、seapproaches(oratleastthosethathavebeenmorefullyelaboratedandadopted)hasincommonacoresetoftheoriesandbe
此文档下载收益归作者所有