蔬菜产业的发展现状与前景分析

蔬菜产业的发展现状与前景分析

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时间:2018-05-12

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蔬菜产业的发展现状与前景分析-------哈尔套镇蔬菜产业发展情况调研报告调整农业种植结构、增加农民收入,已经成为当前和今后一个时期乡镇农业和农村工作的重点。近年来,在哈尔套镇党委、政府的正确领导下,在上级相关部门的帮扶下,哈尔套镇以蔬菜产业为突破口,通过加快绿色、无公害蔬菜产品和基地建设、增加产业科技含量、建设专业合作经济组织、加强产品质量安全检测和市场监管等环节,加强流通领域建设,完善产业链条,蔬菜产业化发展已初具规模。一、蔬菜产业发展现状1、绿色、无公害蔬菜基地建设成效显著。在蔬菜产业开发中,哈尔套镇按照"因地制宜,突出特色、统一规划,区域布局"的原则,不断扩大绿色、无公害蔬菜基地建设。2011年,设施蔬菜生产总面积已达16000亩,其中日光温室5000亩,冷棚11000亩,遍布全镇11个行政村,.总投资超过3亿元,年产无公害蔬菜8000万公斤,建有占地26.9亩的高标准育苗工厂和容积3000立方米的蔬菜保鲜库一座,2003年11月,我镇茄子、青椒、番茄、香瓜4种产品获得辽宁省绿办颁发的A级绿色食品证书,从2006年开始我基地又被认证为国家级无公害蔬菜生产基地,香瓜、西瓜、茄子、青椒、黄瓜、番茄6个品种被认证为国家级无公害蔬菜产品。又注册了“哈尔套”商标,提高了哈尔套镇无公害蔬菜基地的商标品牌的知名度。初步形成春茬香瓜、秋茬茄子、西红柿、青椒四个具有地方特色的优势产品。disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 2、专业合作经济组织带动作用增强。近年来,哈尔套镇围绕蔬菜规模建设、生产、销售、贮藏做文章,成立了富有村“富裕蔬菜合作社”平安村“文成蔬菜合作社”等,建立"合作社+基地+农户"的生产模式,并为合作社配备了电脑,信息发布机等办公设施,制定了章程,完善了制度,健全了机构。产前由合作社统一组织调运钢管、棚膜、竹杆、肥料等生产资料,使每座钢架大棚降低投入2000元,即保证了质量,方便了菜农,又降低了生产成本,产后由合作社联系客商统一组织销售,与哈尔滨、常州、辽中、沈阳等地客商建立了长期稳定的合作关系,提高了蔬菜产品的价值,合作社年销售蔬菜近2000万公斤。促进了当地农民增收。极大地调动了广大农民种菜积极性,促进了哈尔套镇蔬菜产业的可持续发展。3、产业科技含量不断提高。哈尔套镇蔬菜产业科技推广工作以试验、示范为手段,推广为目的,近年来推广了长季栽培新品种37-74、37-76尖椒、布利塔茄子、冬玉角瓜,常规栽培的金妃甜瓜、谷雨512番茄等新品种;又推广了土后墙日光温室新建棚模式;前脚、后墙综合利用的立体栽培模式,嫁接栽培抗重茬、秸秆反应堆应用等新技术;在哈尔套镇西哈村建立了专业化蔬菜育苗基地,在富有村新建了蔬菜储藏保鲜库,总结出了日光温室栽培,冷棚定植的"哈尔套模式"。4、蔬菜产品质量安全工作得到加强。2003年哈尔套地区被确定为省级绿色蔬菜生产基地,2006年被认证为国家级无公害蔬菜生产基地,6个主栽品种被认证为国家级无公害产品,我镇定期对无公害农产品进行质量监测检验,加强了农产品生产基地和销售市场的监管,在工商部门申请注册了"disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 哈尔套"无公害蔬菜商标。制定出了无公害蔬菜生产技术规范,同时,推广了嫁接育苗、黄板、蓝板诱蚜、高温闷棚、熏蒸闷棚、生物农药防治病虫害等无公害生产技术。5、经济效益逐年提高。哈尔套镇蔬菜生产以日光温室、冷棚、为主要栽培模式,日光温室蔬菜生产改秋冬茬和冬春茬两茬栽培为越冬一大茬,平均每亩收入4万元,冷棚平均每亩收入8000元;增收效果明显。形成了北有富有,南有平安,西有新发,东有黄花,中有东西哈、柳树的效益典型村。全镇仅棚菜一项人均增收3000多元。二、发展前景分析(一)有利条件及制约因素1、有利条件:一是自然条件优越。哈尔套镇年平均气温7.8℃,无霜期150天左右,年日照时数2579小时,年平均降水量480毫米,土质肥沃,地下水资源充足,而且经过了省级环保部们的检测,水质、土质、空气质量均符合生产有机、绿色、无公害产品的要求,光照资源充足,雨水集中,昼夜温差大,,自然条件适合蔬菜产业发展。二是区位优势明显。哈尔套镇地处三岔路口,北通库伦,西至阜新,南至沈阳,离彰武高速出口仅40公里,交通发达,农业生产基础条件较好,农民科技意识较强,还是国家小城镇经济综合开发试点镇,有集农、牧、工为一体化的综合性大市场,是全国闻名的农副产品集散地。发展蔬菜产业具有明显的比较优势;三是具备一定的品牌优势。2006年,哈尔套镇蔬菜生产基地和产品进行了无公害认证,并注册了“哈尔套”商标;四是市场潜力巨大。我蔬菜基地离哈尔滨disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 、沈阳、大庆等市场距离较近,运输费用低,而且这些市场的需求菜量很大。就同一种蔬菜和山东相比较,销售竞争力较高。2、制约因素:一是基础设施薄弱,棚菜生产规模小是限制蔬菜产业发展的主要因素,同时,在设施蔬菜发展中,冷棚所占比例较大,流动性强,抵御自然灾害能力差;二是群众认识不到位。土地人均占有相对较多,农民习惯于种植粮食作物,省工省力,并且粮食价格也很高,效益也很可观,对投资大、费工费时、科技含量较高的蔬菜生产,思想转变慢,没有形成产业化发展意识;三是科技含量较低。蔬菜生产是一项生产周期短,劳动强度大,技术性要求较高的项目,具有丰富实践经验的人员缺乏,科技推广服务网络不够健全,农民的自身文化素质较低,引进推广的新品种新技术落实到户、到棚率不高;四是资金投入不足。农民经济基础条件薄弱,普遍对蔬菜种植投入不足,影响了产量、效益的提高;五是蔬菜合作社规模小、少,对农户的带动能力弱。六是随着蔬菜生产年头的延长,病虫害的增加,投入相对增多,品质下降,效益下降。七是蔬菜价格不稳,涨幅不大,近年来菜价基本未涨,但是雇工价格增高,用工由原来的15-20元/工涨到现在的80-90元/工,一方面增加蔬菜生产投入,另一方面打工挣钱增收也很高,影响了蔬菜生产的积极性。八是我县上级资金支持相对分散,形成了蔬菜生产片多无大片,无精品的局面,长期发展全都濒临萎缩。(二)发展前景分析第一,国内外蔬菜市场消费发生重大转折。反季节蔬菜的需求量持续增长,转向多样化和特需化、多元化、高档化,质量要求disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 转向优质化、营养化、无害化。随着城乡人民生活水平的不断提高,优质、安全、多样化的蔬菜产品需求量与日剧增,放手发展蔬菜生产面临新机遇。第二,蔬菜生产周期短、效益好,投入产出比高。做大做强蔬菜产业,是进一步优化农业结构,培育农村新的经济增长点,加快发展步伐的重要选择。第三,市县区内市场需求旺盛,实施蔬菜产业化开发前景广阔。目前,哈尔套镇蔬菜生产总量,除上市较为集中时当地蔬菜占绝对优势之外,其余时间都以外调为主,特别是在元旦、春节消费旺季时值生产淡季,精细菜基本依赖外调。扩大设施菜田,提高生产能力,才能缓解季节性供需矛盾,只有创建蔬菜加工、贮藏,加强蔬菜产后保鲜、贮藏,延长产业链条,才能切实增加农民收入。第四,发展蔬菜产业是迅速提高农民收入水平的有效途径。据调查,冷棚菜亩均收入8000元以上、而经营日光温室的菜农年棚均收入都在30000元以上,分别是种粮效益的十几倍和几十倍。不少农户靠种菜脱贫致富,盖起了新房,供孩子上大学,我镇很多农户种菜成为家庭收入的主要来源。三、今后发展建议哈尔套镇蔬菜产业发展应坚持以结构调整为主线,以科技为支撑,以市场为导向,以效益为中心,以农民增收为目标,以西甜瓜、茄子、青椒、西红柿四大产品开发为重点,突出区域特色,实施品disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 牌战略,加快专业化蔬菜基地建设,充分发挥合作经济组织的桥梁纽带作用,不断提高蔬菜产品质量和商品率。使哈尔套镇蔬菜产业向区域化布局、规模化生产、产业化经营、专业化服务的方向发展。1、加大宣传培训力度,提高蔬菜产业化发展意识。我们要充分利用现代化宣传媒体,对我镇内蔬菜种植能手进行典型宣传,电视报道,组织农民观摩、学习,现场接受教育,学习技术。引进新品种、新技术和新的栽培模式,通过对典型的宣传使干部群众的产业化生产意识得到提高,营造良好的发展氛围。2、搞好规划指导,突出区域特色。要确定地方主导产品,建立优势农产品集中种植区域,整合资金,选农民自己认可,地少,相对技术水平较高的优势产区集中发展。3、完善社会化服务体系,营造良好的产销环境。一是建立市场营销服务体系。鼓励合作社、协会和经纪人进入流通领域,大力发展蔬菜直供直销,与全国大中城市建立销售网络,扩大对外知名度和覆盖面;二是建立信息服务网络。及时提供快速、准确的信息服务,发布蔬菜产销形势的预测预报,使农户及时掌握市场、了解市场,准确定位品种,减少市场波动对蔬菜生产的影响;三是健全技术服务体系。组建镇、村、组不同层次的技术员队伍,通过传、帮、带、教的方式,加快对蔬菜新品种新技术试验、示范和推广,提高农业科技成果的转化应用;四是充分发挥合作社、协会的服务作用,提高农民进入市场的组织化程度。五是完善产业链条,形成育苗工厂化,生产科学化,储藏现代化,销售信息化。disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand 4、加强基础设施建设,改善蔬菜生产条件。水、电、路基础设施建设是蔬菜产业发展的关键,要进行多层次、多渠道、全方位筹资。对蔬菜基地的道路进行拓宽和砂化,灌溉设施进行维修和改造,扩大农电线路的覆盖面,提高抵御自然灾害的能力。推广日光温室、冷棚保护地栽培设施及保温被、滴渗灌等配套技术,采用先进科学技术,保护资源,节约用水,提高生产能力。5、发展绿色无公害生产,实施品牌战略。牢固树立品牌意识,使蔬菜产品拥有自己的商标和品牌,通过品牌效应去占领市场,扩大市场份额,提高蔬菜产品的知名度和市场竞争力,把无公害蔬菜生产与销售和品牌农业等结合起来。6、政策倾斜,资金扶持。要贯彻执行好国家关于蔬菜产业开发的各项方针政策和哈尔套镇已出台的各项激励措施,建立合理的土地流转机制,鼓励农民从事蔬菜生产,开通区内绿色通道,给蔬菜产业创造一个良好的产销环境。争取市、县专项资金,支持蔬菜产业发展,争取银行、信用社等金融部门信贷资金对菜农进行扶持,整合农业综合开发、农业基础设施建设等项目资金向蔬菜产业倾斜,同时,积极向上争取国家、省、市、县产业化项目,完善农业招商引资优惠政策,吸纳社会资金投入到蔬菜产业开发中来。disease,andendocrinebonediseaseAccordingtotheprofessionalfutureworkinselectednon-specifiedsections(includingPediatrics,Neurology,etc)Web(youcanselectaDepartment).①Pediatricrotationlearn:awareness...⑧completeschedule3tothetechnicaloperationandthewritingofthereport.Basicskillsrequirements:disease/operationnamecases(times)number(≥)actualdemonstratesRayprotectionprinciples5timesradionuclidegeneratorleachingdrugoperation5timesshowstraceagentofMark5times131Isuckingiodineratedetermination5timeskidneyfunction(kidneyfigure)determinationandthereportwriting5timesparticipation131Itreatmenthyperthyroidismcalculationdoseparticipateinbodyoutsideanalysisexperiment(bestputfrom)inGuideXiaparticipateinSPECToperationthyroidexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5times5times10times5casesboneexplicitlikeprepared,andcollection,andreport5casesstaticmyocardialexplicitlikeprepared,Collection,reporting2cancerFDGImagingpreparation,acquisition,reported5casesofpulmonaryperfusionImagingprepare,collectandreport2casesofcerebralbloodflowperfusionimagepreparation,acquisition,reported2casesofnote:thenumberofprescribeddiseasesandcanbeadjusteddependingonlocationandthehospital,butthetotalnumberandnumberofdiseaseshouldnotbereduced.(B)the13thto24thmonth(secondphase)accordingtotraineesandtrainingbaseforclinicalcircumstances,arrangementstocontinueinourrotationortotherelevantclinicalDepartmentrotation.1.trainingobjective:(1)expand

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