第二讲+直译与意译

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1、第二讲直译与意译Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps,forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen.译文一：人们往往可以从一个人所交的朋友以及所阅读的书目中看到他的为人，因为，人与人之间存在友谊，人与书之间也存在友谊。译文二：所谓欲知其人，先观其友；观其阅读书目，亦能知其人，因人可与人为友，亦可与书为友。直译意译翻译按照所使用的方法来分，可以分为：1、直译(literaltranslation)2、意译(free/liberaltran

2、slation)Canyougiveusadefinitionaboutliteral/liberaltranslation?Whatisaliteraltranslation?Aliteraltranslationisatranslationthatfollowscloselytheformofthesourcelanguage.Alsoknownas:word-for-wordtranslationordirecttranslationIntranslationstudiesliteraltranslationhasthemeaningoftechnicaltrans

3、lationofscientific,technical,technologicalorlegaltexts.Whatisafreetranslation?Afreetranslationisatranslationthatreproducesthegeneralmeaningoftheoriginaltext.Itmayormaynotcloselyfollowtheformororganizationoftheoriginaltext.Whenprovidingafreetranslation,thetranslatorconsidersthecultureofthe

4、originaldocument,understandsthenuancesoftheoriginallanguage,andtakesintoaccountidiomaticexpressions.Theresultisafinishedproductthatcomesalivetothereaderwiththeactualintentoftheoriginal.Literaltranslation&LiberaltranslationWhichoneisbetterthantheother???“直译，意译，各有千秋，译者依据功能、审美、读者层等三要素，宜直译就直译

5、，宜意译就意译，能神游于规矩之内，亦能神游于规矩之外，能循规蹈矩，亦能叛道离经，方称得上翻译的行家里手。”---辜正昆EugeneA.Nidaisthedeveloperofthedynamic-equivalenceBible-translationtheory.Dynamicequivalenceandformalequivalencearetwoapproachestotranslation.Dynamicequivalenceattemptstoconveythethoughtexpressedinasourcetext(ifnecessary,attheexpe

6、nseofliteralness,originalwordorder,thesourcetext'sgrammaticalvoice,etc.),whileformalequivalenceattemptstorenderthetextword-for-word(ifnecessary,attheexpenseofnaturalexpressioninthetargetlanguage).注意避免两种倾向：1、避免死译(rigidtranslation)Thedevelopmentofaneconomicalartificialheartisonlyafewtransie

7、ntfailuresaway.发展一个经济的人工心脏只是几个短暂的失败。只消再经过几次失败，就能造出价格低廉的人工心脏了。2、避免过度意译(undulyfree/overfreetranslation)---胡译、乱译、曲译Theseaisrippledwithlittlewhiteponies.大海掀起涟漪，像奔腾的小马驹。练习Itseemstomethatwhatissauceforthegooseissauceforthegander.我觉得煮母鹅用什么酱，煮公鹅也要用什么酱。我认为如何律人就应该如何律己。Hisreto