资源描述:
《孔子英文介绍ppt课件.pptx》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Confucius1.ABriefIntroductionConfucius(551—479BC),knowninChinaasKongzi,givennameQiuandaliasZhongni,wasanativeofZouyi(陬邑)(present-dayQufuinShandongProvince)oftheStateofLuduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Agreatthinker,educatorandfounderofConfucianism,ConfuciusisanancientsagetotheChinesepeople.Hisw
2、ordsandlifestorywererecordedbyhisdisciplesandtheirstudentsinTheAnalects.Ithasinfluencedallthinkers,writersandpoliticiansintheover-2000-year-longhistoryofChinaafterConfucius.2.Confucius:HisPrimaryIdeology2.1ConfuciusonHeaven:theSourceofEverything2.2ConfuciusonPeople:renandli2.3ConfuciusontheSta
3、teofLife2.1ConfuciusonHeaven:theSourceofEverythingIntheShangandZhoudynasties,theprevalentconceptof“Heaven”wasthatofapersonifiedgod.However,Confuciusregarded“Heaven”asnature.Hesaid,“Heavendoesnotspeakinwords.Itspeaksthroughtherotationofthefourseasonsandthegrowthofalllivingthings.”Moreover,natur
4、ewasthegreatworldoflifeandtheprocessofcreationoflife.Humanlifewaspartandparcelofnatureasawhole.Confucius’equationofHeavenwiththecreationoflifewasaninnovativeideainhistime.Thenaturalprocessoflifecreationwasthe“wayofHeaven.”ThisideawaslaterdevelopedinTheBookofChanges,asitstated“Continuouscreatio
5、noflifeischange.”Asthenaturalprocessofcreationoflife,Heavenwasthesourceofalllivingthingsandthesourceofallvalues.Thiswasthe“virtueofHeaven.”Inthenaturalprocessofcreationoflife,Heavenhaditsinnerpurposeincreatingallthingsaswellasprotectingandimprovinglife.Heavenhadoriginatedhumanity,andhumanswere
6、obligedtoaccomplishthispurpose.Inotherwords,humansarebornwithasenseof“heavenlymission,”andthisisthemeaningofhumanlife.Confucian“Heaven”alsohadacertainsacredelement,whichwasrelatedtoitbeingthesourceoflife.ThusConfuciusrequiredpeopletoholdHeaveninawe.Hesaysthatapersonofvirtuemust“respecthisheave
7、nlymission,”listentoandliveoutthepurposeofHeavenbycaringforandimprovinglife.UndertheinfluenceofConfucius,theancientChinesedevelopedasenseofaweandbeliefinHeaven.Ifoneremained“ignorantanddisrespectfulofone’sheavenlymission”bykillingormaim