ieee参考文献格式

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·CreatingareferencelistorbibliographyAnumberedlistofreferencesmustbeprovidedattheendofthepaper.Thelistshouldbearrangedintheorderofcitationinthetextoftheassignmentoressay,notinalphabeticalorder.Listonlyonereferenceperreferencenumber.Footnotesorotherinformationthatarenotpartofthereferencingformatshouldnotbeincludedinthereferencelist.Thefollowingexamplesdemonstratetheformatforavarietyoftypesofreferences.Includedaresomeexamplesofcitingelectronicdocuments.Suchitemscomeinmanyforms,soonlysomeexampleshavebeenlistedhere.PrintDocumentsBooksNote:Every(important)wordinthetitleofabookorconferencemustbecapitalised.Onlythefirstwordofasubtitleshouldbecapitalised.Capitalisethe"v"inVolumeforabooktitle.Punctuationgoesinsidethequotationmarks.Standardformat[#]A.A.Author/editor,Title:Subtitle(initalics),Edition(ifnotthefirst),Vol.(ifamultivolumework).Placeofpublication:Publisher,Year,pagenumber(s)(ifappropriate).Singleauthor[1]W.-K.Chen,LinearNetworksandSystems.Belmont,CA:Wadsworth,1993,pp.123-135.[2]S.M.Hemmington,SoftScience.Saskatoon:UniversityofSaskatchewanPress,1997.Editedwork[3]D.Sarunyagate,Ed.,Lasers.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1996.Lateredition [4]K.Schwalbe,InformationTechnologyProjectManagement,3rded.Boston:CourseTechnology,2004.[5]M.N.DeMers,FundamentalsofGeographicInformationSystems,3rded.NewYork:JohnWiley,2005.Morethanoneauthor[6]T.JordanandP.A.Taylor,HacktivismandCyberwars:Rebelswithacause?London:Routledge,2004.[7]U.J.Gelinas,Jr.,S.G.Sutton,andJ.Fedorowicz,Businessprocessesandinformationtechnology.Cincinnati:South-Western/ThomsonLearning,2004.ThreeormoreauthorsNote:Thenamesofallauthorsshouldbegiveninthereferencesunlessthenumberofauthorsisgreaterthansix.Iftherearemorethansixauthors,youmayuseetal.afterthenameofthefirstauthor.[8]R.Hayes,G.Pisano,D.Upton,andS.Wheelwright,Operations,Strategy,andTechnology:Pursuingthecompetitiveedge.Hoboken,NJ:Wiley,2005.Series[9]M.Bell,etal.,UniversitiesOnline:AsurveyofonlineeducationandservicesinAustralia,OccasionalPaperSeries02-A.Canberra:DepartmentofEducation,ScienceandTraining,2002.Corporateauthor(ie:acompanyororganisation)[10]WorldBank,InformationandCommunicationTechnologies:AWorldBankgroupstrategy.Washington,DC:WorldBank,2002.Conference(completeconferenceproceedings)[11]T.J.vanWeertandR.K.Munro,Eds.,InformaticsandtheDigitalSociety:Social,ethicalandcognitiveissues:IFIPTC3/WG3.1&3.2OpenConferenceonSocial,EthicalandCognitiveIssuesofInformaticsandICT,July22-26,2002,Dortmund,Germany.Boston:KluwerAcademic,2003. Governmentpublication[12]Australia.Attorney-GeneralsDepartment.DigitalAgendaReview,4Vols.Canberra:Attorney-General'sDepartment,2003.Manual[13]BellTelephoneLaboratoriesTechnicalStaff,TransmissionSystemforCommunications,BellTelephoneLaboratories,1995.Catalogue[14]CatalogNo.MWM-1,MicrowaveComponents,M.W.MicrowaveCorp.,Brooklyn,NY.Applicationnotes[15]Hewlett-Packard,Appl.Note935,pp.25-29.Note:Titlesofunpublishedworksarenotitalicisedorcapitalised.Capitaliseonlythefirstwordofapaperorthesis.Technicalreport[16]K.E.ElliottandC.M.Greene,"Alocaladaptiveprotocol,"ArgonneNationalLaboratory,Argonne,France,Tech.Rep.916-1010-BB,1997.Patent/Standard[17]K.KimuraandA.Lipeles,"Fuzzycontrollercomponent,"U.S.Patent14,860,040,December14,1996.Paperspresentedatconferences(unpublished)[18]H.A.Nimr,"Defuzzificationoftheoutputsoffuzzycontrollers,"presentedat5thInternationalConferenceonFuzzySystems,Cairo,Egypt,1996.Thesisordissertation[19]H.Zhang,"Delay-insensitivenetworks,"M.S.thesis,UniversityofWaterloo,Waterloo,ON,Canada,1997. [20]M.W.Dixon,"Applicationofneuralnetworkstosolvetheroutingproblemincommunicationnetworks,"Ph.D.dissertation,MurdochUniversity,Murdoch,WA,Australia,1999.PartsofaBookNote:Theseexamplesareforchaptersorpartsofeditedworksinwhichthechaptersorpartshaveindividualtitleandauthor/s,butareincludedincollectionsortextbookseditedbyothers.Iftheeditorsofaworkarealsotheauthorsofalloftheincludedchaptersthenitshouldbecitedasawholebookusingtheexamplesgivenabove(Books).Capitaliseonlythefirstwordofapaperorbookchapter.[#]A.A.AuthorofPart,"Titleofchapterorpart,"inTitle:Subtitleofbook,Edition,Vol.,A.EditorEd.Placeofpublication:Publisher,Year,pp.inclusivepagenumbers.Singlechapterfromaneditedwork[1]A.ReziandM.Allam,"Techniquesinarrayprocessingbymeansoftransformations,"inControlandDynamicSystems,Vol.69,MultidemsionalSystems,C.T.Leondes,Ed.SanDiego:AcademicPress,1995,pp.133-180.[2]G.O.Young,"Syntheticstructureofindustrialplastics,"inPlastics,2nded.,vol.3,J.Peters,Ed.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1964,pp.15-64.Conferenceorseminarpaper(onepaperfromapublishedconferenceproceedings)[3]N.OsifchinandG.Vau,"PowerconsiderationsforthemodernizationoftelecommunicationsinCentralandEasternEuropeanandformerSovietUnion(CEE/FSU)countries,"inSecondInternationalTelecommunicationsEnergySpecialConference,1997,pp.9-16.[4]S.AlKuran,"TheprospectsforGaAsMESFETtechnologyindc-acvoltageconversion,"inProceedingsoftheFourthAnnualPortableDesignConference,1997,pp.137-142. Articleinanencyclopaedia,signed[5]O.B.R.Strimpel,"Computergraphics,"inMcGraw-HillEncyclopediaofScienceandTechnology,8thed.,Vol.4.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1997,pp.279-283.StudyGuidesandUnitReadersNote:YoushouldnotcitefromUnitReaders,StudyGuides,orlecturenotes,butwherepossibleyoushouldgototheoriginalsourceoftheinformation.IfyoudoneedtocitearticlesfromtheUnitReader,treattheReaderarticlesasiftheywerebookorjournalarticles.InthereferencelistorbibliographyusethebibliographicaldetailsasquotedintheReaderandrefertothepagenumbersfromtheReader,nottheoriginalpagenumbers(unlessyouhaveindependentlyconsultedtheoriginal).[6]L.Vertelney,M.Arent,andH.Lieberman,"Twodisciplinesinsearchofaninterface:Reflectionsonadesignproblem,"inTheArtofHuman-ComputerInterfaceDesign,B.Laurel,Ed.Reading,MA:Addison-Wesley,1990.ReprintedinHuman-ComputerInteraction(ICT235)ReadingsandLectureNotes,Vol.1.Murdoch:MurdochUniversity,2005,pp.32-37.JournalArticlesNote:Capitaliseonlythefirstwordofanarticletitle,exceptforpropernounsoracronyms.Every(important)wordinthetitleofajournalmustbecapitalised.Donotcapitalisethe"v"involumeforajournalarticle.Youmusteitherspellouttheentirenameofeachjournalthatyoureferenceoruseacceptedabbreviations.Youmustconsistentlydooneortheother.StaffattheReferenceDeskcansuggestsourcesofacceptedjournalabbreviations.YoumayspelloutwordssuchasvolumeorDecember,butyoumusteitherspelloutallsuchoccurrencesorabbreviateall.YoudonotneedtoabbreviateMarch,April,May,JuneorJuly.Toindicateapagerangeusepp.111-222.Ifyourefertoonlyonepage,useonlyp.111.Standardformat[#]A.A.Authorofarticle."Titleofarticle,"TitleofJournal ,vol.#,no.#,pp.pagenumber/s,Monthyear.Journalarticles[1]E.P.Wigner,"Theoryoftravelingwaveopticallaser,"Phys.Rev.,vol.134,pp.A635-A646,Dec.1965.[2]J.U.Duncombe,"Infrarednavigation-PartI:Anassessmentoffeasability,"IEEETrans.Electron.Devices,vol.ED-11,pp.34-39,Jan.1959.[3]G.Liu,K.Y.Lee,andH.F.Jordan,"TDMandTWDMdeBruijnnetworksandshufflenetsforopticalcommunications,"IEEETrans.Comp.,vol.46,pp.695-701,June1997.OR[4]J.R.BeveridgeandE.M.Riseman,"Howeasyismatching2Dlinemodelsusinglocalsearch?"IEEETransactionsonPatternAnalysisandMachineIntelligence,vol.19,pp.564-579,June1997.[5]I.S.Qamber,"Flowgraphdevelopmentmethod,"MicroelectronicsReliability,vol.33,no.9,pp.1387-1395,Dec.1993.[6]E.H.Miller,"Anoteonreflectorarrays,"IEEETransactionsonAntennasandPropagation,tobepublished.ElectronicdocumentsNote:Whenyouciteanelectronicsourcetrytodescribeitinthesamewayyouwoulddescribeasimilarprintedpublication.Ifpossible,givesufficientinformationforyourreaderstoretrievethesourcethemselves.Ifonlythefirstpagenumberisgiven,aplussignindicatesfollowingpages,eg.26+.Ifpagenumbersarenotgiven,useparagraphorothersectionnumbersifyouneedtobespecific.Anelectronicsourcemaynotalwayscontainclearauthororpublisherdetails.TheaccessinformationwillusuallybejusttheURLofthesource.Aswellasapublication/revisiondate(ifthereisone),thedateofaccessisincludedsinceanelectronicsourcemaychangebetweenthetimeyouciteitandthetimeitisaccessedbyareader. E-BooksStandardformat[#]A.Author.TitleofE-book.Place:Publisher,Dateoforiginalpublication.[Format]Available:Source.[1]L.Bass,P.Clements,andR.Kazman.SoftwareArchitectureinPractice,2nded.Reading,MA:AddisonWesley,2003.[E-book]Available:Safarie-book.[2]T.Eckes,TheDevelopmentalSocialPsychologyofGender.MahwahNJ:LawrenceErlbaum,2000.[E-book]Available:netLibrarye-book.Articleinonlineencyclopaedia[3]D.Ince,"Acousticcoupler,"inADictionaryoftheInternet.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2001.[Online].Available:OxfordReferenceOnline,http://www.oxfordreference.com.[Accessed:May24,2005].[4]W.D.Nance,"Managementinformationsystem,"inTheBlackwellEncyclopedicDictionaryofManagementInformationSystems,G.B.Davis,Ed.MaldenMA:Blackwell,1999,pp.138-144.[E-book].Available:NetLibrarye-book.E-JournalsStandardformat[#]A.Author,"TitleofArticle,"TitleofJournal,vol.,no.,p.pagenumbers,monthyear.[Format].Available:DatabaseName(ifappropriate),internetaddress.[Accesseddateofaccess].Journalarticleabstractaccessedfromonlinedatabase[1]M.T.KimourandD.Meslati,"Derivingobjectsfromusecasesinreal-timeembeddedsystems,"InformationandSoftwareTechnology,vol.47,no.8,p.533,June2005.[Abstract].Available:ProQuest,http://www.umi.com/proquest/.[AccessedMay12,2005]. Note:Abstractcitationsareonlyincludedinareferencelistiftheabstractissubstantialorifthefull-textofthearticlecouldnotbeaccessed.Journalarticlefromonlinefull-textdatabaseNote:Whenincludingtheinternetaddressofarticlesretrievedfromsearchesinfull-textdatabases,pleaseusetheRecommendedURLsforFull-textDatabases,whicharetheURLsforthemainentrancetotheserviceandareeasiertoreproduce.[2]H.K.EdwardsandV.Sridhar,"Analysisofsoftwarerequirementsengineeringexercisesinaglobalvirtualteamsetup,"JournalofGlobalInformationManagement,vol.13,no.2,p.21+,April-June2005.[Online].Available:AcademicOneFile,http://find.galegroup.com.[AccessedMay31,2005].[3]A.Holub,"Issoftwareengineeringanoxymoron?"SoftwareDevelopmentTimes,p.28+,March2005.[Online].Available:ProQuest,http://il.proquest.com.[AccessedMay23,2005].Journalarticleinascholarlyjournal(publishedfreeofchargeontheinternet)[4]A.Altun,"Understandinghypertextinthecontextofreadingontheweb:Languagelearners'experience,"CurrentIssuesinEducation,vol.6,no.12,July2003.[Online].Available:http://cie.ed.asu.edu/volume6/number12/.[AccessedDec.2,2004].Journalarticleinelectronicjournalsubscription[5]P.H.C.EilersandJ.J.Goeman,"Enhancingscatterplotswithsmootheddensities,"Bioinformatics,vol.20,no.5,pp.623-628,March2004.[Online].Available:www.oxfordjournals.org.[AccessedSept.18,2004].Newspaperarticlefromonlinedatabase[6]J.Riley,"Callfornewlookatskilledmigrants,"TheAustralian,p.35,May31,2005.Available:Factiva,http://global.factiva.com.[AccessedMay31,2005].NewspaperarticlefromtheInternet [7]C.Wilson-Clark,"Computersrankedaskeyliteracy,"TheWestAustralian,para.3,March29,2004.[Online].Available:http://www.thewest.com.au.[AccessedSept.18,2004].InternetDocumentsStandardformat[#]A.Author,"Documenttitle,"Webpagename,Source/productioninformation,Dateofinternetpublication.[Format].Available:internetaddress.[Accessed:Dateofaccess].ProfessionalInternetsite[1]EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute,揇igitalVideoBroadcasting(DVB):ImplementationguidelinesforDVBterrestrialservices;transmissionaspects,?EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute,ETSITR-101-190,1997.[Online].Available:http://www.etsi.org.[Accessed:Aug.17,1998].PersonalInternetsite[2]G.Sussman,"Homepage-Dr.GeraldSussman,"July2002.[Online].Available:http://www.comm.pdx.edu/faculty/Sussman/sussmanpage.htm[Accessed:Sept.12,2004].GeneralInternetsite[3]J.Geralds,"SegaEndsProductionofDreamcast,"vnunet.com,para.2,Jan.31,2001.[Online].Available:http://nl1.vnunet.com/news/1116995.[Accessed:Sept.12,2004].Internetdocument,noauthorgiven[4]揂憀ayman抯?explanationofUltraNarrowBandtechnology,?Oct.3,2003.[Online].Available:http://www.vmsk.org/Layman.pdf.[Accessed:Dec.3,2003].Non-BookFormats [#]A.A.Person,Responsibility(ifappropriate),Title:Subtitle.[Format].Specialcredits(ifappropriate).Placeofpublication:Publisher,Year.Podcasts[1]W.BrownandK.Brodie,Presenters,andP.George,Producer,揊romLakeBaikaltotheHalfwayMark,Yekaterinburg?PekingtoParis:Episode3,Jun.4,2007.[Podcasttelevisionprogramme].Sydney:ABCTelevision.Available:http://www.abc.net.au/tv/pekingtoparis/podcast/pekingtoparis.xml.[AccessedFeb.4,2008].[2]S.Gary,Presenter,揃lackHoleDeathRay?StarStuff,Dec.23,2007.[Podcastradioprogramme].Sydney:ABCNewsRadio.Available:http://abc.net.au/newsradio/podcast/STARSTUFF.xml.[AccessedFeb.4,2008].OtherFormatsMicroform[3]W.D.Scott&Co,InformationTechnologyinAustralia:Capacitiesandopportunities:AreporttotheDepartmentofScienceandTechnology.[Microform].W.D.Scott&CompanyPty.Ltd.inassociationwithArthurD.LittleInc.Canberra:DepartmentofScienceandTechnology,1984.Computergame[4]TheHobbit:ThepreludetotheLordoftheRings.[CD-ROM].UnitedKingdom:VivendiUniversalGames,2003.Software[5]ThomsonISI,EndNote7.[CD-ROM].Berkeley,Ca.:ISIResearchSoft,2003.Videorecording[6]C.Rogers,WriterandDirector,GrrlsinIT.[Videorecording].Bendigo,Vic.:VideoEducationAustralasia,1999.Areferencelist:whatshoulditlooklike? Thereferencelistshouldappearattheendofyourpaper.Beginthelistonanewpage.ThetitleReferencesshouldbeeitherleftjustifiedorcenteredonthepage.Theentriesshouldappearasonenumericalsequenceintheorderthatthematerialiscitedinthetextofyourassignment.Note:Thehangingindentforeachreferencemakesthenumericalsequencemoreobvious.[1]A.ReziandM.Allam,"Techniquesinarrayprocessingbymeansoftransformations,"inControlandDynamicSystems,Vol.69,MultidemsionalSystems,C.T.Leondes,Ed.SanDiego:AcademicPress,1995,pp.133-180.[2]G.O.Young,"Syntheticstructureofindustrialplastics,"inPlastics,2nded.,vol.3,J.Peters,Ed.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1964,pp.15-64.[3]S.M.Hemmington,SoftScience.Saskatoon:UniversityofSaskatchewanPress,1997.[4]N.OsifchinandG.Vau,"PowerconsiderationsforthemodernizationoftelecommunicationsinCentralandEasternEuropeanandformerSovietUnion(CEE/FSU)countries,"inSecondInternationalTelecommunicationsEnergySpecialConference,1997,pp.9-16.[5]D.Sarunyagate,Ed.,Lasers.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1996.[8]O.B.R.Strimpel,"Computergraphics,"inMcGraw-HillEncyclopediaofScienceandTechnology,8thed.,Vol.4.NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1997,pp.279-283.[9]K.Schwalbe,InformationTechnologyProjectManagement,3rded.Boston:CourseTechnology,2004.[10]M.N.DeMers,FundamentalsofGeographicInformationSystems,3rded.NewYork:JohnWiley,2005.[11]L.Vertelney,M.Arent,andH.Lieberman,"Twodisciplinesinsearchofaninterface:Reflectionsonadesignproblem,"inTheArtofHuman-ComputerInterfaceDesign,B.Laurel,Ed.Reading,MA:Addison-Wesley,1990.ReprintedinHuman-ComputerInteraction(ICT235)ReadingsandLectureNotes,Vol.1.Murdoch:MurdochUniversity,2005,pp.32-37. [12]E.P.Wigner,"Theoryoftravelingwaveopticallaser,"PhysicalReview,vol.134,pp.A635-A646,Dec.1965.[13]J.U.Duncombe,"Infrarednavigation-PartI:Anassessmentoffeasibility,"IEEETransactionsonElectronDevices,vol.ED-11,pp.34-39,Jan.1959.[14]M.Bell,etal.,UniversitiesOnline:AsurveyofonlineeducationandservicesinAustralia,OccasionalPaperSeries02-A.Canberra:DepartmentofEducation,ScienceandTraining,2002.[15]T.J.vanWeertandR.K.Munro,Eds.,InformaticsandtheDigitalSociety:Social,ethicalandcognitiveissues:IFIPTC3/WG3.1&3.2OpenConferenceonSocial,EthicalandCognitiveIssuesofInformaticsandICT,July22-26,2002,Dortmund,Germany.Boston:KluwerAcademic,2003.[16]I.S.Qamber,"Flowgraphdevelopmentmethod,"MicroelectronicsReliability,vol.33,no.9,pp.1387-1395,Dec.1993.[17]Australia.Attorney-GeneralsDepartment.DigitalAgendaReview,4Vols.Canberra:Attorney-General'sDepartment,2003.[18]C.Rogers,WriterandDirector,GrrlsinIT.[Videorecording].Bendigo,Vic.:VideoEducationAustralasia,1999.[19]L.Bass,P.Clements,andR.Kazman.SoftwareArchitectureinPractice,2nded.Reading,MA:AddisonWesley,2003.[E-book]Available:Safarie-book.[20]D.Ince,"Acousticcoupler,"inADictionaryoftheInternet.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2001.[Online].Available:OxfordReferenceOnline,http://www.oxfordreference.com.[Accessed:May24,2005].[21]H.K.EdwardsandV.Sridhar,"Analysisofsoftwarerequirementsengineeringexercisesinaglobalvirtualteamsetup,"JournalofGlobalInformationManagement,vol.13,no.2,p.21+,April-June2005.[Online].Available:AcademicOneFile,http://find.galegroup.com.[AccessedMay31,2005]. [22]A.Holub,"Issoftwareengineeringanoxymoron?"SoftwareDevelopmentTimes,p.28+,March2005.[Online].Available:ProQuest,http://il.proquest.com.[AccessedMay23,2005].[23]H.Zhang,"Delay-insensitivenetworks,"M.S.thesis,UniversityofWaterloo,Waterloo,ON,Canada,1997.[24]P.H.C.EilersandJ.J.Goeman,"Enhancingscatterplotswithsmootheddensities,"Bioinformatics,vol.20,no.5,pp.623-628,March2004.[Online].Available:www.oxfordjournals.org.[AccessedSept.18,2004].[25]J.Riley,"Callfornewlookatskilledmigrants,"TheAustralian,p.35,May31,2005.Available:Factiva,http://global.factiva.com.[AccessedMay31,2005].[26]EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute,揇igitalVideoBroadcasting(DVB):ImplementationguidelinesforDVBterrestrialservices;transmissionaspects,?EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute,ETSITR-101-190,1997.[Online].Available:http://www.etsi.org.[Accessed:Aug.17,1998].[27]J.Geralds,"SegaEndsProductionofDreamcast,"vnunet.com,para.2,Jan.31,2001.[Online].Available:http://nl1.vnunet.com/news/1116995.[AccessedSept.12,2004].[28]W.D.Scott&Co,InformationTechnologyinAustralia:Capacitiesandopportunities:AreporttotheDepartmentofScienceandTechnology.[Microform].W.D.Scott&CompanyPty.Ltd.inassociationwithArthurD.LittleInc.Canberra:DepartmentofScienceandTechnology,1984.AbbreviationsStandardabbreviationsmaybeusedinyourcitations.Alistofappropriateabbreviationscanbefoundbelow:Ed./Eds.editor/editorsed.editionetal.andothers no.numberp./pp.page/pagespara.paragraphpt.partrev.revisedsuppl.supplementVol.Volume(book)vol.volume(journal)