2015年新增词汇解释

《2015年新增词汇解释》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习2015年英语高考说明新增词汇学习材料整理人葛孝浩1.anticipatev/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/vexpect(sth)期望,预料（某事物）:Doyouanticipate(meeting)anytrouble?你预料会有麻烦吗?Weanticipatethatdemandislikelytoincrease.我们预料需求可能增加.see(whatisgoingtohappenorwhatneedstobedone)andactaccordingly预见到（要发生的事或需要做的事）而采取措施:Sheanticipatesallhermother'sneeds.她预见到母亲的一切需要而事先做好安排.*Anticipatingthatitwouldsoonbedark,theyalltooktorches.他们预见到天快黑了,就都带上了手电筒.*Agoodgeneralcananticipatewhattheenemywilldo.善战的将领能预知敌军动向而作好战斗部署.2.assurev/əˈʃɔː(r);USəˈʃuər/v(a)tell(sb)positivelyorconfidently明确地或有信心地告诉（某人）;向（某人）保证:Iassureyouthey'llbeperfectlysafewithus.我向你保证,他们和我们在一起十分安全.*Theywereassuredthateverythingpossiblewasbeingdone.已经向他们保证,凡是可能做的都做到了.(b)~sb/oneself(ofsth)causesb/oneselftobesureorfeelcertainaboutsth使某人[自己]对某事物确信不疑或觉得肯定无误:Theytriedtoassurehimoftheirwillingnesstowork.他们尽力使他相信他们乐意工作.*Shewasabletoassureherselfthatnothinghadbeentakenfromherpurse.她确信钱包里什麽东西都没被拿走.make(sth)certain;ensure使（某事物）确定;确保:Hersuccessasanactresswasnowassured.她当演员很成功,已毋庸置疑了.insure(sth),espagainstsb'sdeath给（某事物）保险（尤指寿险）:Whatisthesumassured?人寿保险额是多少?3.ceasev/siːs/v(fml文)comeorbring(sth)toanend;stop停止;中止:Hostilities(ieFighting)betweenthetwosidesceasedatmidnight.双方在午夜停止敌对行动（战斗）.*Theofficerorderedhismentoceasefire,iestopshooting.长官命令士兵停火（停止射击）.*Thatdepartmenthasceasedtoexist.那部门已不复存在.*Thefactoryhasceasedmakingbicycles.那工厂已停止生产自行车了.(idm习语)wonderswillnevercease=>wondern.4.compilev/kəmˈpaɪl/v(a)~sth(for/fromsth)collect(information)andarrangeitinabook,list,report,etc收集（资料）并编辑（成书﹑表﹑报告等）:compilingstatisticsforareportontrafficaccidents为交通事故报告汇集统计数字.(b)~sth(fromsth)produce(abook,list,report,etc)inthisway编纂,编辑,编制,编写（书﹑表﹑报告等）:Thepolicehavecompiledalistofsuspects.警方已编制了涉嫌者名单.*aguidebookcompiledfromavarietyofsources汇集多方资料编辑的旅行指南.5.comprehensivea/ˏkɔmprɪˈhensɪv/adjthatincludes(nearly)everything（几乎）包罗万象的;全面的:acomprehensivedescription,account,report,etc全面的描述﹑叙述﹑报道等*Shehasacomprehensivegraspofthesubject.她已全面掌握了这一学科.6.contrastn/kənˈtrɑːst/vcontrast2 /ˈkɔntrɑːst/n~(to/withsb/sth);~(betweenAandB)1[U]actionofcontrasting对比;相比:Carefulcontrastofthetwoplansshowsupsomekeydifferences.把这两个计划仔细地加以对比就可以看出一些关键性的差异.*Hiswhitehairwasinsharpcontrastto(iewasverynoticeablydifferentfrom)hisdarkskin.他的白头发与黑皮肤形成了鲜明的对比.*Shehadalmostfailedtheexam,buthersister,bycontrast,haddoneverywell.她考试差点不及格,而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好.*Incontrastwiththeirsystem,oursseemsveryold-fashioned.我们的制度与他们的相比,显得过於守旧了.[C,U]differenceclearlyseenwhenunlikethingsarecomparedorputtogether;thingshowingsuchadifference明显的差异;对照:Thewhitewallsmakeacontrast7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习withtheblackcarpet.白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对照.*Thereisaremarkablecontrastbetweenthetwobrothers.他们兄弟俩截然不同.*Theworkyoudidtodayisquiteacontrastto(egnoticeablybetter/worsethan)whatyoudidlastweek.你今天干的活儿跟你上周干的判然不同（如明显地要好[不如]）.*Thecontrastoflightandshadeisimportantinphotography.在摄影艺术中明暗的反差是很重要的.1.criteriancriterion/kraɪˈtɪərɪən/n(pl-ria/-rɪə;-rɪə/)standardbywhichsthisjudged（评判的）标准,尺度:Successinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionofsuccessinlife.能挣钱并不一定是衡量人生幸福的可靠标准.*Whatarethecriteriafordeciding(ieHowdowedecide)whogetstheprize?评定获奖者以什麽作标准?2.cruciala/ˈkruːʃl/adj~(to/forsth)veryimportant;decisive至关重要的;决定性的:acrucialdecision,issue,factor关键性的决定﹑问题﹑因素*atthecrucialmoment在紧要关头*Gettingthiscontractiscrucialtothefutureofourcompany.签订此项合同对本公司的前途至关重要.>crucially/-ʃəlɪ/adv.3.crushv&n/krʌʃ/vpressorsqueeze(sth/sb)hardsothatthereisbreakageorinjury压（或挤）坏,压（或挤）伤（某物[某人]）:Don'tcrushthebox;ithasflowersinit.别把盒子压破了,里面有花.*Wineismadebycrushinggrapes.葡萄酒是压榨葡萄制成的.*Severalpeoplewerecrushedtodeathbythefallingrocks.有几个人被落下来的岩石压死了.~sth(up)breaksthhardintosmallpiecesorintopowderbypressing捣（或碾）碎某物;把某物捣（或碾）成粉末:Hugehammerscrush(up)therocks.用大锤把岩石砸成了碎块.(causesthto)becomefullofcreasesorirregularfolds（使某物）显得皱皱巴巴的:Theclotheswerebadlycrushedinthesuitcase.衣服压在箱子里皱得不像样子了.*Somesyntheticmaterialsdonotcrusheasily.有些化纤衣料不易起皱.defeat(sb/sth)completely;subdue消灭,击溃,镇压（某人[某事物]）;制服:Therebellionwascrushedbygovernmentforces.政府军已把叛乱镇压下去.*Herrefusalcrushedallourhopes.她一拒绝,我的希望就全都破灭了.*Hefeltcompletelycrushed(iehumiliated)byherlastremark.他听到她最後的一番话感到深受凌辱.crush(sb/sth)into,past,through,etcsth(causesb/sthto)moveintoorthroughanarrowspacebypressingorpushing（使某人[某物]）挤入或挤过:Alargecrowdcrushedpast(thebarrier).大群的人挤过了（障碍物）.*Youcan'tcrushtwentypeopleintosuchatinyroom.不能让二十个人挤进这样一个狭小的房间里.*Thepostmantriedtocrushthepacketthroughtheletter-box.邮递员使劲把邮件塞进信箱里.crushsthout(ofsth)removesthbypressingorsqueezing挤出或榨出某物:crushthejuiceoutoforanges榨橙子汁crush2 /krʌʃ/n[sing]crowdofpeoplepressedclosetogether拥挤的人群:abigcrushinthetheatrebar剧院小卖部里拥挤不堪的人群*Icouldn'tgetthroughthecrush.我无法从人群中挤过去.[C]~(onsb)(infml口)strongbuttypicallybriefliking(forsb);infatuation（对某人的）强烈而短暂的喜爱,迷恋:Schoolchildrenoftenhave/getcrushesonteachers.小学生往往很钦佩老师.[U](Brit)drinkmadefromfruitjuice果汁饮料:lemoncrush柠檬饮料.4.cursev&n/kɜːs/n[C]impoliteorobscenewordorwordsusedtoexpressviolentanger咒骂语:angrilymutteringcurses愤怒地低声咒骂.[sing]wordorwordsspokenwiththeaimofpunishing,injuringordestroyingsb/sth咒;咒语:Thewitchputacurseonhim,ieusedacurseagainsthim.女巫念咒诅咒他.*beunderacurse,iesufferasaresultofacurse遭受诅咒*liftacurse,iecancelit解除咒语.[C]causeofevil,harm,destruction,etc祸根;祸由:thecurseofinflation通货膨胀的祸害*Gamblingisoftenacurse.赌博往往是个祸根.*Hiswealthprovedacursetohim.他的财富到头来害了他.7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习curse2 /kɜːs/v(a)~(atsb/sth)uttercurses(curse12)(againstsb/sth)诅咒（某人[某事物]）:tocurseandswear咒骂*Hecursed(at)hisbadluck.他诅咒自己运气不好.*Icursedherforspoilingmyplans.我诅咒她坏了我的事.(b)[Tn]useacurse(curse12)against(sb/sth)念咒语诅咒（某人[某事物]）:Thewitch-doctorhascursedourcattle.巫医念了咒语想叫我家的牛遭殃.(phrv)becursedwithsthbeafflictedwithsth,esphabitually;havethestatedbadthing受某事物之害（尤指经常）;为某事物所苦:becursedwithbadhealth,aviolenttemper,badluck,etc因身体有病﹑脾气暴躁﹑命运不好等而吃苦头.1.despairn/dɪˈspeə(r)/n[U]stateofhavinglostallhope失去一切希望;绝望:Yourstupiditywilldrivemeto(iemakemefeel)despair.你愚蠢得使我寒心.*Hegaveupthestruggleindespair.他绝望地放弃了斗争.*Shewasovercomebydespair.她已完全绝望.*hisdespairofeverseeinghisfamilyagain他再也见不到他家里人的绝望心情.(idm习语)bethedespairofsbmakesbgiveuphope使某人放弃希望:Yoursonisthedespairofallhisteachers,ieTheynolongerexpecttobeabletoteachhimanything.你的儿子在所有教师的心目中已毫无希望了.2.differentiatev/ˏdɪfəˈrenʃɪeɪt/v(a)~betweenAandB;~A(fromB)seeorshow(twothings)tobedifferent;showsthtobedifferent(fromsthelse)看出或指出（两者）不同;辨别;区别;区分:Canyoudifferentiatebetweenthetwovarieties?你能辨别这两个品种吗?*Canyoudifferentiateonevarietyfromtheother?你能将这两个品种区别开来吗?*Onecharacterisnotclearlydifferentiatedfromanother.人物之间的区别没有明显刻划出来.(b)~sth(fromsth)beamarkofdifferencebetween(peopleorthings);distinguish构成（人或事物）间的差别;使（人或事物）有差别:Themale'sorangebeakdifferentiatesitfromthefemale.那种鸟雄鸟的喙呈橙色,与雌鸟不同.~betweenAandBtreat(peopleorthings)inadifferentway,espunfairly;discriminate区别对待（人或事物）（尤指不公平地）:Itiswrongtodifferentiatebetweenpeopleaccordingtotheirfamilybackground.根据出身不同而区别待人是不对的.3.draman/ˈdrɑːmə/n(a)[C]playforthetheatre,radioorTV戏;剧;戏剧.(b)[U]playsasabranchofliteratureandasaperformingart戏剧文学;戏剧艺术:amasterpieceofElizabethandrama伊丽莎白时代的戏剧杰作*(datedorfml旧或文)loversofthedrama戏剧爱好者*[attrib作定语]adramacritic,school,student戏剧评论家﹑学校﹑学者.(idm习语)makeadramaoutofsthexaggerateasmallproblemortrivialincident小题大做;夸大其词:Hemakesadramaoutofasimplevisittothedentist.他把看牙这样一件小事弄得小题大做.4.earnesta/ˈɜːnɪst/adj(too)serious;determined;notlight-hearted（太）认真的;坚决的;不掉以轻心的:aterriblyearnestyoungman认真得不得了的年轻人.5.estaten/ɪˈsteɪt/n[C]areaofland,espinthecountry,withoneowner地产;（尤指）庄园:HeownsalargeestateinScotland.他在苏格兰有大量地产.[C](espBrit)largeareaoflanddevelopedforaspecificpurpose,egforhousesorfactories作某种用途的地区（如兴建房屋或工厂）:ahousing/atrading/anindustrialestate住宅区[商业区/工业区].[U,C](law律)allthemoneyandpropertythatapersonowns,espthatwhichisleftatdeath个人财产;（尤指）遗产:Herestatewasdividedbetweenherfourchildren.她的遗产分给了她的四个子女.6.ethnica/ˈeθnɪk/adjofanational,racialortribalgroupthathasacommonculturaltradition民族的;种族的;部落的:ethnicminorities,groups,communities,etc少数民族的;族群的;种族社区的等.(typical)ofaparticularculturalgroup某文化群体的（典型的）:ethnicclothes,food,music民族的服装﹑食物﹑音乐*anethnicrestaurant具有民族风味的饭店.7.evolvev/ɪˈvɔlv/v(fml文)(causeto)developnaturallyand(usu)gradually（使）逐渐形成:The7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习Americanconstitutionwasplanned;theBritishconstitutionevolved.美国宪法是精心制定的,英国宪法是约定俗成的.*Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.他经过多年的研究,逐渐总结出了新的理论.(biology生)(ofplants,animals,etc)graduallydevelopfromasimpleformtoamorecomplexone（指植物﹑动物等）进化:ManyVictorianswereshockedbythenotionthatManhadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.在维多利亚时代,许多人对於人是由低级生物进化而来的见解大为震惊.1.exceedv/ɪkˈsiːd/v(a)begreaterormorenumerousthan(espaquantity)超过（尤指数量）:Thepricewillnotexceed100.价格不会超过100英镑.*Thenumberadmittedmustnotexceed200.容纳的数目不得超过200.*Theirsuccessexceededallexpectations,iewasgreaterthananyoneexpected.他们的成功出乎一切预料.(b)gobeyondwhatisallowed,necessaryoradvisable超出（所允许的﹑必需的或合理的）界线:exceedthespeedlimit,iedrivefasterthanisallowed超速（超过驾驶速度限制）*exceedone'sinstructions/authority,iedomorethanonehaspermissiontodo越权.2.excludev /ɪkˈskluːd/v~sb/sth(fromsth)(a)preventsbfromenteringsomewhere,takingpartinsth,etc;keepsbout防止某人进入某处;阻止某人参加某事等;把某人排除在外:excludeapersonfrommembershipofasociety拒绝接纳某人入会*Womenareoftenexcludedfrompositionsofauthority.女子要想得到有权的职位往往遭到排斥.(b)preventsthfromgettingin;keepsthout防止某物进入;将某物排斥在外:Allairmustbeexcluded(fromthebottle)iftheexperimentistowork.若要做好这一试验,不得让空气进（到瓶子里）去.*Alldraughtsmustbeexcludedfromtheroom.这间屋子不可有风透进.reject(sth)asapossibility;ignoreasaconsideration排除（某事）的可能性;不予考虑:Thepolicehaveexcludedrobberyasamotiveforthemurder.警方已排除该谋杀案中有抢劫的动机.*Wemustnotexcludethepossibilitythatthechildhasrunaway.我们不可排除这孩子离家出走的可能性.leave(sth)out;notinclude将（某物）排除;不包括:lunchcosts5perperson,excludingdrinks午餐费每人5英镑,不包括饮料.*Thatpriceexcludesaccommodation.那价钱不包括住宿.3.formulan/ˈfɔːmjulə/n(pl~sor,inscientificuse作科技用语,复数作formulae/-mjuliː/)=>Usageatdata用法见data.[C](a)(chemistry化)setofsymbolsshowingtheelementsthatasubstanceismadeof分子式:TheformulaforwaterisH2O.水的分子式为H2O.(b)(mathematicsorphysics数或物)expressionofaruleorrelationshipinalgebraicsymbols公式:theformulaforconvertinggallonsintolitres加仑与升的换算公式.[C]fixedarrangementofwords,espasusedonsocial,legalorceremonialoccasions套语,惯用语（尤指社交﹑法律场合或仪式上使用的）:`Howd'youdo'and`Excuseme'aresocialformulae.‘你好’和‘对不起’是社交中的客套语.*knowtheformulaforaddressingbishops知道对主教的习惯称呼.[C]listofingredientsorsetofinstructionsformakingsth,espmedicinesandfuels配方;药方;处方:aformulaforanewdrug新药的配方.[C]setofstatementsorplansthatcanbeagreedonbytwoormorepersonsorgroups（双方或各方同意的）方案,计画:Managersandworkersarestillworkingoutapeaceformula.劳资双方仍在商谈制订和解方案.[C]~(forsth)method,plan,orsetofprinciplesworkedouttoachieveadesiredresult（为达到预期目的而制订的）方法,计画,原则:Thereisnosureformulaforsuccess.成功并无一定之规.*aformulaforahappymarriage美满婚姻的信条.[U]classificationofracingcarsofaparticularsize,enginecapacity,etc方程式（根据汽车大小﹑发动机容量等对赛车的分级）:[attrib作定语]Formula1racingcars一级方程式赛车.4.foundationn/faunˈdeɪʃn/n[U]actoffounding(aninstitution,organization,etc)（机构﹑组织等的）建立,创立,创办:thefoundationoftheuniversity大学的创办.[C](a)(organizationsetuptoprovide)sumsofmoneyforresearch,charity,etc（为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金,基金会:theFordFoundation福特基金*Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.你可以从文艺基金会得到资助.(b)institution,egacollegeorhospital,thatisestablishedbymeansofsuchafund7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习（用基金建立的）机构（如学院或医院）.[Cusupl通常作复数]layerofbricks,concrete,etcformingthesolidbaseofabuildingunderground地基;房基;基础:laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基*Thehugelorriesshookthefoundationsofthehouse.大卡车驶过时,连房基都震动了.[C,U]principle,ideaorfactonwhichsthisbased;basis（作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实;基础:laythefoundationsofone'scareer奠定个人事业的基础*Thepoliticalscandalshookthenationtoitsveryfoundations.这一政治丑闻从根本上动摇了该国家.*Theconclusionsmusthavesomesolidfoundationinreality.这些结论一定有些牢固的现实基础.*Thatrumourhasnofoundation/iswithoutfoundationinfact.那谣言没有事实根据.[U](alsofoundationcream)creamputonthefacebeforeothermake-upisapplied粉底霜（化妆品）.#foun`dationcoursecoursetakenatacollege,etcthatusucoversawiderangeofsubjectsandpreparesstudentsformoreadvancedstudies基础课.foun`dation-stonenlargeblockofstonelaidataspecialceremonytomarkthefoundingofapublicbuilding奠基石（在奠基典礼上放置的大石块,标志公共建筑物开工）.1.gendern/ˈdʒendə(r)/n[C,U](grammar)(incertainlanguages)classificationofanounorpronounasmasculineorfeminine（某些语言的）性（名词或代词分为阳性和阴性）:TherearethreegendersinGerman:masculine,feminineandneuter.德语中有三性:阳性﹑阴性和中性.*InFrenchtheadjectivemustagreewiththenouninnumberandgender.法语中形容词必须在数和性上与名词一致.(fml文)sexualclassification;sex（生理上的）性别分类,性:themaleandfemalegenders男性和女性.2.gracen/greɪs/n[U]qualityofsimpleelegantbeauty(espinsmoothlycontrolledmovement)优美（尤指动作顺畅协调）:thegracewithwhichaballerinaleapsintotheair芭蕾舞女演员腾空起舞的优美姿势.[Cusupl通常作复数]pleasingaccomplishment风度;魅力;长处;才艺:well-versedinthesocialgraces社交风度潇洒的.3.imitatev/ˈɪmɪteɪt/vcopythebehaviourof(sb/sth);takeorfollowasanexample学（某人[某物]）的样;仿效:Decidewhatyouwanttodo;don'tjustimitateothers.想做什麽自己决定,不要一味学别人的样.copythespeech,actions,dress,etcof(sb);mimic模仿（某人的言谈﹑举止﹑衣着等）:He'sverycleveratimitatinghisfriends.他非常擅长於模仿朋友的言行.belike(sb/sth);looklike与（某人[某事物]）相似;好像:Thestagewasdesignedtoimitateaprisoncell.舞台设计成牢房的样子..4.inducev /ɪnˈdjuːs/v(a)persuadeorinfluence(sb)todosth劝诱或促使（某人）做某事:Wecouldn'tinducetheoldladytotravelbyair.我们无法劝说那位老太太坐飞机去.(b)leadorcause(sb)todosth导致或使得（某人）做某事:Whatinducedyoutodosuchastupidthing?是什麽促使你做出这等蠢事来的?(a)bring(sth)about;cause引起或诱发（某事）;产生;造成:illnessinducedbyoverwork过劳造成的疾病.(b)(medical医)cause(awoman)tobegin(childbirth)bymeansofdrugs用药物为（孕妇）催产:aninducedlabour催生*We'llhavetoinduceher.我们得给她引产.5.innovatev/ˈɪnəveɪt/makechanges;introducenewthings革新;改革;创新;引入新事物:preparedtoinnovateinordertomakeprogress为取得进步准备革新.6.insightn/ˈɪnsaɪt/n~(intosth)1(a)[U](approv褒)abilitytoseeintothetruenature(ofsth);deepunderstanding洞察力;深刻的了解:apersonofinsight有洞察力的人*showinsightintohumancharacter表现出对人性的深刻了解.(b)[C]instanceofthis洞察力;深刻的了解:abookfullofremarkableinsights很有真知灼见的书.[C](sudden)perceptionorunderstandingofthetruenature(ofsth)（突然的）领悟,猛省:Shewasgivenanunpleasantinsightintowhatlifewouldbelikeashiswife.7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习她恍然大悟嫁给他就要过那种日子,心里十分难过.*have/gainaninsightintoaproblem对某问题豁然开朗.1.interactv/ˏɪntərˈækt/v~(withsth)actorhaveaneffectoneachother相互作用;相互影响:chemicalsthatinteracttoformanewcompound相互作用形成新化合物的化学物质*ideasthatinteract相互影响的想法.~(withsb)(ofpeople)acttogetherorco-operatively,espsoastocommunicatewitheachother（指人）一起活动或互相合作（尤指为互相联系）:asociologiststudyingthecomplexwayinwhichpeopleinteract(witheachother)atparties研究人们在聚会中互相交往的复杂方式的社会学家.2.interferev/ˏɪntəˈfɪə(r);ˏɪntɚˋfɪr/v~(insth);~(betweensbandsb)concernoneselfwithortakeactionaffectingsbelse'saffairswithouttherighttodosoorbeinginvitedtodoso干涉;介入;干预:Don'tinterfereinmattersthatdonotconcernyou!不要干预与你无关的事!*It'sunwisetointerferebetweenhusbandandwife.夫妻间的事最好不要管.~withsth(a)handle,adjust,etcsthwithoutpermission,espsoastocausedamage（未得允许）摆弄;（尤指）弄坏:Who'sbeeninterferingwiththeclock?It'sstopped.是谁摆弄这钟来着?已经不走了.(b)obstructsthwhollyorpartially;preventsthfrombeingdoneorcarriedoutproperly阻碍;妨碍;妨害:interferewithsbelse'splans妨碍某人的计画*Don'tallowpleasuretointerferewithduty.不要让娱乐妨碍了职责.~withsbdistractorhindersb干扰或妨碍某人:Don'tinterferewithhimwhilehe'sworking.他工作的时候不要打搅他.3.intermediatea/ˏɪntəˈmiːdɪət/adj~(betweenAandB)(a)situatedorcomingbetweentwopeople,things,etcintime,space,degree,etc（时间﹑空间﹑程度等）介於（两人﹑物等）之间的,居间的:atanintermediatepoint,level,stage,etc在中间的一点﹑水平﹑阶段等*Thepupaisatanintermediatestageofdevelopment;itisintermediatebetweentheeggandtheadultbutterfly.蛹是蝴蝶发育的中间阶段,介於卵和成虫之间.(b)betweenelementaryandadvanced中级的:anintermediatecourse,book,level中级的课程﹑书﹑水平.4.journaln/ˈdʒɜːnl/nnewspaperorperiodical,esponethatisseriousanddealswithaspecializedsubject报纸;定期刊物（尤指涉及某一学科的）:amedical,ascientific,aneducational,etcjournal医学﹑科学﹑教育等杂志*atradejournal贸易杂志*TheWallStreetJournal《华尔街日报》*TheArchitects'Journal《建筑师杂志》*subscribetoajournal订阅报纸.dailyrecordofnews,events,businesstransactions,etc日记;日志;流水帐:HekeptajournalofhiswanderingsacrossAsia.他记自己漫游亚洲的日记.5.logicn/ˈlɔdʒɪk;ˋlɑdʒɪk/n[U]scienceofreasoning逻辑学;论理学.particularmethodorsystemofreasoning推理的方法或体系.chainofreasoning(regardedasgoodorbad)逻辑性,条理性（合乎逻辑或不合逻辑）:Youhavetoacceptthelogicofhisargument.应该承认他的论据中有逻辑性.abilitytoreasoncorrectly正确推理的能力;逻辑思维的能力.6.manuala/ˋmænjʊəl/adjof,donewithorcontrolledbythehands手的;手工的;手制的;手控的:Makingsmallmodelsrequiresmanualskill.制作小模型要手巧.*manuallabour体力劳动*amanualgear-box,ieoneoperatedbythehandwithagear-lever,notautomatically手动变速箱.Cf参看mechanical1.manually/-juəlɪ;-jʊəlɪ/adv:manuallyoperated手工操作的.7.overseasa&ad/ˏəuvəˈsiːz/adj(at,to,from,etcplacesorcountries)acrossthesea;foreign（在﹑向﹑来自等）海外的,国外的:,overseas`trade海外贸易*an,overseas`broadcast对外广播*overseasstudentsinBritain在英国的外国留学生.>overseasadvacrossthesea;abroad到海外;在国外:go,live,travel,etcoverseas到海外去﹑生活﹑旅行等.8.proportionn/prəˈpɔːʃn/n[C]comparativepartorshareofawhole;fraction部分;份儿;局部:alarge7 句容实高2015届英语学科词汇复习proportionoftheearth'ssurface地球表面的大部分*Theproportionofthepopulationstillspeakingthedialectisverysmall.只有少数居民仍使用这种方言.*AfixedproportionofthefundisinvestedinBritishfirms.资金中有一固定部分是投资於英国企业的.[U]~(ofsthtosth)relationofonethingtoanotherinquantity,size,etc;ratio一物与他物在数量﹑大小等方面的关系;比例;比:Theproportionofimportstoexports(ieexcessofimportsoverexports)isworryingthegovernment.进口与出口的比例（入超）令政府担忧.*theproportionofpassestofailuresinthefinalexamination期末考试中及格者与不及格者的比例*Whatistheproportionofmentowomeninthepopulation?人口中男女的比例是多少?1.reluctanta /rɪˈlʌktənt/adj~(todosth)unwillingandthereforeslowtoco-operate,agree,etc不情愿的;勉强的:areluctanthelper,recruit,admirer勉强来帮忙的人﹑勉强入伍的新兵﹑勉强说好话的人*Shewasveryreluctanttoadmitthetruth.她很不情愿地承认了这事实.2.saucen/sɔːs/n[C,U](typeof)liquidorsemi-liquidmixtureservedwithfoodtoaddflavour沙司;调味汁;酱:tomato,soy,cranberry,etc`sauce番茄酱﹑酱油﹑越橘沙司*fruitpuddingandbrandysauce水果布丁和白兰地调味汁*Whatsaucesgobestwithfish?吃鱼配哪种调味汁最好?*[attrib作定语]a`saucebottle沙司瓶.3.thumbn/θʌm/nshortthickfingersetapartfromtheotherfour拇指.partofaglovecoveringthis（手套的）拇指部分.(idm习语)beall(fingersand)`thumbsbeveryclumsy,espwhenhandlingthings十分笨拙;（尤指）笨手笨脚.thumbs`up/`down(phraseorgestureusedtoindicatesuccessorapproval/failureorrejection表示成功或赞许[失败或拒绝]的用语或手势):givesb/sththethumbsup称赞某人[某事物]*I'mafraidit'sthumbsdownforyournewproposal.我看你的新建议是行不通了.undersb's`thumbcompletelyundersb'sinfluenceorcontrol完全受某人的影响或支配:She'sgothimunderherthumb.她把他管住了.4.undergov/ˏʌndəˈgəu/v(ptunderwent/-ˈwent/,ppundergone/-ˈgɔn/)experienceorendure(sthunpleasantorpainful)经历,经受（不愉快的或痛苦的某事物）:undergogreathardship,suffering,privation,etc遭受极度的艰难﹑困苦﹑贫困等.besubjectedto(aprocess,etc)接受,承受（某过程等）:undergomajorsurgery,reform,repair接受大手术﹑经过大改革﹑接受大检修*Theshipsuccessfullyunderwentseatrialsincoastalwaters.那条船在近海水域试航成功.*Ouragendaunderwentarapidchangeafterthechairman'sresignation.主席辞职後,我们的议事项目迅即做出变动.7