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1、第5章资本主义发展的历史进程（Thefifthchapteristhehistoricalprocessofcapitalistdevelopment）Sectionone:fromfreecompetitioncapitalismtomonopolycapitalismFirst,capitalismfromfreecompetitiontomonopoly(1)productioncentralizationandmonopolyformationFreecompetitionleadstoconcentration
2、ofproductionandconcentrationofcapital,andthecentralizationofproductionandthedevelopmentofcapitalconcentrationwillinevitablyleadtomonopoly,whichistheobjectivelawofcapitalistdevelopment.Productionconcentrationreferstotheprocessthatproduction,laborandgoodsareincreas
3、inglyconcentratedinasmallnumberoflargeenterprises,andtheresultisthattheproportionoflargeenterprisesisincreasing.Capitalconcentrationreferstotheprocessoflargecapitalannexationofsmallcapital,ortheintegrationofmanysmallcapitalintolargecapital.Asaresult,moreandmoreca
4、pitalisdominatedbyahandfulofbigcapitalists.Monopolyreferstothemanipulationandcontroloftheproduction,saleandpriceofcommoditiesofoneorseveraldepartmentsbymutualagreementorcombinationinordertoobtainhighprofitsforalargenumberofcapitalistenterprises.Themonopolyhasthef
5、ollowingreasons:first,whentheconcentrationofproductiondevelopmenttoaveryhighlevel,veryfewcompanieswillcombine,manipulationandcontroloftheDepartmentoftheproductionandsaleofamonopoly,toobtainhighprofits.Second,thescaleoftheenterpriseishuge,formingtherestrictiontoth
6、ecompetition,alsocanproducethemonopoly.Third,thefiercecompetitionbroughtthelossofthepartiestothecompetitionismoreandmoreserious,inordertoavoidloselose,willreachacompromisebetweenenterprises,uniteamonopoly.Monopolyorganizationreferstothemonopolyoflargeenterprisesi
7、naneconomicsectororseveraleconomicsectors.Therearevariousformsofmonopolyorganizations,andtheyaredifferentindifferentcountriesandperiods.(two)thecharacteristicsofcompetitionundermonopolyconditionsMonopolydoesnoteliminatecompetition,butmakescompetitionmorecomplexan
8、dfierce.Thisisbecause:First,monopolydoesnoteliminatetheeconomicconditionsforcompetition.Second,monopolymustbemaintainedthroughcompetition.Third,socialproductio
