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1、本科毕业论文(设计)外文翻译外文出处Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg,2008,173-182外文作者CengizKahraman,TufanDemirel,andNihanDemirel原文:EffectsofInflationunderFuzzinessandSomeApplicationsAbstract:Thischapterpresentsthewaysofincorporatingtheparameterfuzzyinflationtotheengineeringeconomyanal
2、yses.Inflationisafinancialparameterdifficulttoestimate.Thefuzzysettheorygivesusthepossibilityofconvertinglinguisticexpressionsaboutinflationestimatestonumericalvalues.Inthechapter,discountedcashflowtechniquesincludingthesefuzzyexpressionsandsomenumericalexamplesareg
3、iven.Theobtainedresultsshowtheintervaloftheworstandthebestpossibleoutcomeswhenfuzzyinflationratesaretakenintoaccount.1IntroductionInflationisanincreaseintheamountofmoneynecessarytoobtainthesameamountofproductorservicebeforetheinflatedpricewaspresent.Withtheinflation
4、inanytimepricesriseandthepurchasingpowerdecreases,ittakesmoredollarsforthesameamountofgoodsorservices.Deflationistheoppositeofinflation.Ithastheoppositeeffects,withdeflationpricesdecreaseandthepurchasingpowerincreases.Withthedeflation,ittakesfewerdollarsinthefuturet
5、obuythesameamountofgoodsorservicesasitdoestoday.Thegovernmentscanbefacetofacewiththeinflationmuchmorecommonlythandeflationatnationaleconomy(BlankandTarquin2002,Sharp-BetteandPark1990,Degarmoetal.1990,G.nen1990,Young1993).Mostpeopleareundoubtedlyawarethatinflationhas
6、todowithpriceincreases.Whatisperhapslesswell-knownisthatthemeaningofthewordinflationhas9changedsomewhatovertime.Originallythewordinflationwasusedtodescribeacharacteristicofmoney–thatitsvaluewaseroded.Thishappenswhenallpricesinaneconomyriseatthesamerateovertime.Whena
7、llpricesriseatthesamerate,households’incomes(forexamplewages)increaseasmuchastheirexpenses.Thismeansthathouseholdshavetopaymoreforthesamequantityofgoods.However,neitherhouseholdconsumptionnoritsactualvalue(utility)isaffectedwhenallpricesriseatthesamerate.Overtime,ho
8、wever,themeaningofthewordinflationhaschangedsomewhat.Todayitisoftenusedsynonymouslywiththewordspriceincreaseandcantherebydescribeanykindof