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1、Chap.13Conflict&negotiation§13.1ConflictAprocessthatbeginswhenonepartyperceivesthatanotherpartyhasnegativelyaffected,sth.Thatthe1stpartycaresaboutperceived;oppositionorincompatibility;interactioncrossover1.TransitioninconflictthoughtThetraditionalview--thebeliefthatallconflictisharmfu
2、l&mustbeavoidedhumanrelationsview--thebeliefthatconflictisanatural&inevitableoutcomeinanygroupinteractionistview--thebeliefthatconflictisnotonlyapositiveforceinagroupbutabsolutelynecessaryforagrouptoperformeffectively2.Functionalvs.DysfunctionalconflictConflictthatsupportsthegoalsofth
3、egroup&improveitsperformanceConflictthatgroupperformance3.Theconflictprocess(1)PotentialoppositionorincompatibilityCauses(sources)--presenceofnecessaryconditioncreatingopportunitiesforconflicttoarisecommunication--semanticdifficulties(training,selectiveperception,inadequateinformation
4、),insufficientexchangeofinformation(overcommu.,noiseinchannel(filter,different)structure--size(tenure),specialization,jurisdictionambiguity,diversefunctiongoals,muchparticipationpersonalvariables--authoritarian&dogmatic,lowesteem;differingvaluesystems(prejudice,evaluation)3.Theconflic
5、tprocess(2)Cognition&personalizationPerceivedconflict--awarenessby1ormorepartiesoftheexistenceofantecedentconditionscreatingopportunitiesforconflicttoarisefeltconflict-emotionalinvolvementinaconflictcreatinganxiety,tenseness,frustration,orhostility(personalized)importantstageintheproc
6、ess:sensemaking--delineatethesetofpossiblesettlement.Emotionplayamajorroleinshapingperception.3.Theconflictprocess(3)intentionsDecisionstoactinagivenwayinaconflictepisodeprimaryconflict-handlingintentions:2dimensionscooperativeness,assertiveness--thedegreetowhich1partyattempttomeetone
7、’sownconcernscompeting(uncooperative,assertive)collaborating(cooperative,assertive)avoiding(uncooperative,unassertive)accommodating(cooperative,unassertive)compromising(midrangeonboth)guideline,variable,consistentpreference,predictablefrom--3.Theconflictprocess(4)behavior(visible)Stat
8、ement
