cholerae霍乱弧菌课件

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1、VibriocholeraeIntroductionHistoryEpidemiology/ClinicalManifestationMolecularBiologyDiagnosisandTreatmentsWeaponizationVibriocholeraeWhatisCholera?IntestinalinfectionSeverediarrheaCausedbyCholeraToxinofbacterium,VibriocholeraGrowsinsaltandfreshwaterCan

2、surviveandmultiplyinbrackishwaterbyinfectingcopepodsHasover150identifiedserotypesbasedonO-antigenOnlyO1andO139aretoxigenicandcauseCholeradisease2categoriesofO1serotypes–ClassicalandElTorV.choleraeAlife-threateningsecretorydiarrheainducedbyenterotoxins

3、ecretedbyV.choleraeWater-borneillnesscausedbyingestingwater/foodcontaminatedbycopepodsinfectedbyV.choleraeAnenterotoxicenteropathy(anon-invasivediarrhealdisease)AmajorepidemicdiseaseCholeraTransmittedbyfecal-oralrouteEndemicinareasofpoorsanitation(Ind

4、iaandBangladesh)Maypersistinshellfishorplankton7pandemicssince1817–first6fromClassicalstrains,7thfromElTor1993:CholerainBengalcausedbyO139–maybecauseof8thpandemicV.choleraeMapledSnowtobelievethatBroadStreetpumpwascauseofoutbreakThoseaffecteddrankfromp

5、umpSewageprobablycontaminatedwellRemovalofpumphandle-endofoutbreakSkepticismaboutSnow’sfindingsBroadStreetPumpProfileofvibriocholeraeGram-negativeHighlymotile;polarflagellumBrackishrivers,coastalwatersAssociatewithplanktonandalgaeProliferateinsummersC

6、holeratoxinPathogenicandnonpathogenicstrains206serogroupsStrainsCausingEpidemics2mainserogroupscarrysetofvirulencegenesnecessaryforpathogenesisO1Classical:1caseper30-100infectionsElTor:1caseper2-4infectionsO139ContainedinIndia,BangladeshEpidemiologyRe

7、sponsibleforsevenglobalpandemicsoverthepasttwocenturiesCommoninIndia,Sub-SaharanAfrica,SouthernAsiaVeryrareinindustrializedcountriesV.CholeraeAfflictedAreas(2000)TransmissionContaminatedfoodorwaterInadequatesewagetreatmentLackofwatertreatmentImproperl

8、ycookedshellfishTransmissionbycasualcontactunlikelyEpidemicsFecal-oraltransmissionFecesofinfectedpersoncontaminateswatersupplyResultingdiarrheamakesiteasyforbacteriatospreadinunsanitaryconditionsHanginglatrineonMeghnaRiver,NepalPeoplewithlowga