商业银行风险管理分析的过程[外文翻译]

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1、外文文献翻译译文一、外文原文原文：CommercialBankRiskManagement:anAnalysisoftheProcessWhatTypeofRiskIsBeingConsidered?Commercialbanksareintheriskbusiness.Intheprocessofprovidingfinancialservices,theyassumevariouskindsoffinancialrisks.Overthelastdecadeourunderstandingoftheplaceofcommercial

2、bankswithinthefinancialsectorhasimprovedsubstantially.Overthistime,muchhasbeenwrittenontheroleofcommercialbanksinthefinancialsector,bothintheacademicliteratureandinthefinancialpress.Theseargumentswillbeneitherreviewednorenumeratedhere.Sufficeittosaythatmarketparticipants

3、seektheservicesofthesefinancialinstitutionsbecauseoftheirabilitytoprovidemarketknowledge,transactionefficiencyandfundingcapability.Inperformingtheserolestheygenerallyactasaprincipalinthetransaction,Assuch,theyusetheirownbalancesheettofacilitatethetransactionandtoabsorbth

4、erisksassociatedwithit.Tobesure,thereareactivitiesperformedbybankingfirmswhichdonothavedirectbalancesheetimplications.Theseservicesincludeagencyandadvisoryactivitiessuchas(i)trustandinvestmentmanagement,(ii)privateandpublicplacementsthrough"bestefforts"orfacilitatingcont

5、racts,(iii)standardunderwritingthroughSection20Subsidiariesoftheholdingcompany,or(iv)thepackaging,securitizing,distributingandservicingofloansintheareasofconsumerandrealestatedebtprimarily.Theseitemsareabsentfromthetraditionalfinancialstatementbecausethelatterrelyongener

6、allyacceptedaccountingproceduresratherthanatrueeconomicbalancesheet.Nonetheless,theoverwhelmingmajorityoftherisksfacingthebankingfirmisinon-balance-sheetbusinesses.Itisinthisareathatthediscussionofriskmanagementandthenecessaryproceduresforriskmanagementandcontrolhascente

7、red.Accordingly,itisherethatourreviewofriskmanagementprocedureswillconcentrate.WhatKindsOfRisksAreBeingAbsorbed?Theriskscontainedinthebank'sprincipalactivities,i.e.,thoseinvolvingitsownbalancesheetanditsbasicbusinessoflendingandborrowing,arenotallbornebythebankitself.Inm

8、anyinstancestheinstitutionwilleliminateormitigatethefinancialriskassociatedwithatransactionbyproperbusi