定语从句专项讲解

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导入定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。举例:Thisisabeautifulflower.（形容词作定语，置前）Thisisaflowerinthegarden.（介词短语作定语，置后）Thisistheflowerwhichyougavetome.（定语从句作定语，置后）先行词关系词定语从句知识点梳理Ø定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。Ø结构：先行词+关系词+其他Ø关系词的用法:1.关系词的分类：1）关系代词：who,whom,which,that,whose2）关系副词：when,where,why(作状语)2.关系代词在句中充当成分关系代词whowhomthatwhichwhose中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 充当成分主、宾（可省）、表宾语主、宾（可省）、表主、宾(可省)、表定语先行词人人人或物物人或物3.关系代词的详细用法lwho,whom的用法1)who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。ThegirlwhoisinredisLily.(作___________,不可省）Ilikethepersonwhoyouaretalkingto.(作___________,可用whom/that替换或者省略)Youarewhoyouare.(作___________,不可省)2)whom在句中作宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略IhappenedtomeettheprofessorwhomIgottoknowatapartyyesterday.(作________,可省)IhavemanyfriendstowhomIamgoingtosendpostcards.（_________后面不可省）温馨提示：关系代词whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词+whom引出，此时whom不能省略。lwhose的用法whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语，whose=then.+ofwhich/whome.g.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.(whose指人)=Thisisthescientist,____________theachievementsarewellknown.e.g.I’dlikearoomwhosewindowfacesthesea.（whose指物）=I’dlikearoom______________thewindowfacesthesea.lthat和which的用法1)限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 that指人或物，which指物不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省，主语不能。Hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.(作___________,不可省)Thecoat_______________Iputonthedeskisblack.（作___________,___________）注意：(先行词为物，在介词后面用which） Theroomin________Iliveisverybig.=Theroom_________Iliveinisverybig.2）只用that——“人物最不避人物”“人物”——that既可指人，也可指物Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisitedtheotherday?(指_______,可用_______)JackisnolongerthepersonthatImetfiveyearsago.（指______,可用_______、________）“最”——极端修饰：最高级、序数词、theonly,thesame,thesame等Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownsofarinthecity.(先行词被___________修饰)Thefirstthingthatweshoulddonowistofindalocalguide.（先行词被___________修饰）“不”——不定代词(all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,等)Alltheapples__that__felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.Thereisnotmuch___________oughttobedonerightnow.(先行词为____________)Hedideverythingcouldhelpus.(先行词为____________)(10全国2)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething____________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.that“避”——避免重复Whoisthepersonthatisstandingattheschoolgate?（前有__________）哪辆自行车是你弄丢的那辆？_________isthebike________youlost?中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 “人物”——先行词有人也有物Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces_thataredifferentfromours.I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.（先行词是_____________）3)只用which①在非限制性定语从句中Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.Tokyo,___________isthecapitalofJapan,seesgreatchangeseveryday.②在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前。ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.Thepenwith__________youarewritingisJeff’s.③如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that，后一个宜用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.解题思路Step1:找出先行词，判断指人指物Step2:判断定语从句中缺什么成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语） Step3:选择合适的关系代词。即学即练1.Thisisthebag________mymotherboughtyesterday.中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 A.thatB.whoC.whomD.This2.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl________yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as4.Isthisthefactory________alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.this5.Theonlylanguage________iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it6.Thegirlhandedeverything________shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all7.Pleaseshowmethebook________youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this8.Thisisthebestbook________Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./9.Theman________washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.He10.Theboy________hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor11.Don’tgoin,thisistheshop________wehavejustbeen________.中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,there12.Heisthemostcarefulboy________Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD./13.Didyoutellyourmotherall________youhadseenonthewayhome?A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which14.It’soneofthemostimportantmeetings________thisyears.A.thathasbeenheldB.whichhasbeenheldC.thathavebeenheldD.whichhaveheld15.Thisisthenewtypeofplane_______partsaremadeofplastics.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose课后作业1.Theysentmychildtotheschooleverymorning,whichIconsideredagreathelptome.2.Shehastwodaughterswhostudyinthesameschool.3.TalkingabouttheUSA,NewYorkisthefirstthingthatcomestomind.4.Doyouknowthegirlwhoisstandingonthestage?5.Shemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforher.6.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?7.Thefirstthingthatweneedtodonowistocleantheroom.8.Hergrandmapassedawaylastnight,whichmadeherquitesad.9.Singingistheonlythingthatinterestedhermost.中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415 10.YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChinathatistheoriginofChinesenation.11.Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmeveryhappy.12.Thesongtowhichyouarelisteningisoneofmyfavoritesong.13.whichisthepenthatyoulost?14.Acompanywhoseprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：0898-65225415