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1、THECAMBRIDGEHISTORYOFJAPANVolume5TheNineteenthCenturyEditedbyMARIUSB.JANSENCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridgeHistoriesOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,2008CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SaoPaulo,DelhiCambridgeUniversityPress32A
2、venueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USAwww.cambridge.orgInformationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521223560©CambridgeUniversityPress1989Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductiono
3、fanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublished1989Reprinted1993,1996,2002,2004,2007PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaAcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ISBN978-0-521-22356-0hardbackCambridgeUniversit
4、yPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.CambridgeHistoriesOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,2008GENERALE
5、DITORS'PREFACESincethebeginningofthiscenturytheCambridgehistorieshavesetapatternintheEnglish-readingworldformultivolumeseriescontain-ingchapterswrittenbyspecialistsundertheguidanceofvolumeedi-tors.PlansforaCambridgehistoryofJapanwerebeguninthe1970sandcompletedin1978.Theta
6、skwasnottobeeasy.ThedetailsofJapanesehistoryarenotmattersofcommonknowledgeamongWest-ernhistorians.TheculturalmodeofJapandiffersgreatlyfromthatoftheWest,andabovealltherearethedauntingproblemsofterminol-ogyandlanguage.Incompensation,however,foreignscholarshavebeenassistedby
7、theremarkableachievementsofJapanesescholarsduringthelastcenturyinrecastingtheirhistoryinmodernconceptualandmethodologicalterms.HistoryhasplayedamajorroleinJapanesecultureandthought,andtheJapaneserecordislongandfull.Japan'srulersfromancienttimeshavefoundlegitimacyintraditi
8、on,bothmythicandhistoric,andJapan'sthinkershaveprobedforanationalmoralityandsystemofvaluesinthei
