一、新闻文体翻译

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长春工程学院教案用纸ChapterOneThePressNewsTranslationI.Teachingcontents1.Teachingplanintroduction2.Whatthepresswritingscover3.Vocabularycharacteristicsofthepressarticles4.Tipsforthepresswritingstranslation5.Methodsforthepressnewstranslation6.Assignments7.Referencesforfurtherreading8.FeedbackII.TeachingAimsTomakethestudentsawareofthevocabularycharacteristicsofthepressnewstranslationandtheimportantpointsofitstranslationthroughpractice.III.TeachingFocusThevocabularycharacteristicsofthepressnewstranslationanditstranslationIV.TeachingProcedures:StepOne:Teachingplanintroduction1.Translationpracticeofthisterm1)Politicalandscientificarticles2)Practicalwritings3)Literaryworks4)Band8passages5)someotherexercisesAssessment2．TotalScores(100%)PerformanceAttendance(20%)Homework(20%)TranslationPaper:(20%)FinalTerm(40%)Practice-orientedExamination(40%)CourseStudy(60%)教法提示announcement7 长春工程学院教案用纸3.Therequirementsforthelongtranslationpaper:1)latest2)original3)deep(words&cross-culture)4)sourcematerials(marked):Internet,newspapers,magazines5)thefirst,translationversion;thenthesourceversion6)paperhandedin:teachingplatformandtypedscript7)debateStepTwo:Thepressnewstranslation1.报刊文体的范畴报刊中的文章体裁通常包括新闻报道、社论（述评、评论）、特写、学术性或科技性文章、文艺性作品、广告类文字材料等等。一般分为三个等级：记实性（Factualness---newsreporting,PurehardNews）、娱乐性(Entertainment)和记实+娱乐(FeatureArticles---newsstories,interviews,personalprofiles,opinionpiece)。2．报刊英语的用词特点新闻英语中，有大量“新闻词语”，这些词在特定的语境中带有新闻文体的特色，具有其特定的内涵，如：media:宣传工具；astory:一则新闻/报道;situation:社会地位的标志/权势新闻文体倾向于用字求新，以加强新闻的宣传效果，强调词如夸张词、典故词、比喻词、借喻词、生僻词、俚语、联缀词等都广泛使用。如：1)DerivationandAffixation(派生和附加法)supercrat(bureaucratinthehighestposition)：高级官员povertybray：美国主管赈济城市贫民计划的官员splitville（thesituationwhereacoupleareabouttoenterthestateofholydivorce）：处于正式离婚边缘的夫妇moneywise(withregardtomoney):金钱方面的2)Compositon（合成）youthquake:美国六十年代的青年运动狂澜yearlong：长达一年的thumb-suck：安抚（原指婴儿吸大拇指以忘记饥渴）3)AcronymandClipping（缩略及拼缀法）Reaganomics（Reagan-econoomoics）：里根经济Ameritocracy（American-aristocracy）：教法提示explanationenlightenmentppt.aidedppt.aided7 长春工程学院教案用纸美国寡头政治统治attrified-atrophied（attrition-atrophied）：由于长期消耗而萎缩的WASP（WhiteAnglo-SaxonProtestant）：美国社会中祖先为英国新教徒的白种人：美国的所谓“社会中间”1)Sense-shift:（词义转变）upper(astimulantdrug)：一剂麻醉药umbrella（anuclearumbrella）：核保护伞throwaway(wasteful)：浪费成风的streetwalk(towalkwithoutaneffortasifwindowshoppinginthestreet)：毫不费力地走过场，原指“妓女，沿街卖笑”此外，英美新闻报刊为追求用词的新颖，还经常使用外来语和其他行业用语，起目的是为了反映现代新闻语言与当代显示生活的融洽性，力图适应各类读者的“亲切感”。如：schmuck:蠢货（源于意大利语）；macho：有伟男子气概的（源于墨西哥语）；theodds：可能性（体育用语，高尔夫）；showdown：摊牌（赌博）；packagedeal：一揽子买卖；darkhorse:指出人意料的获胜者（赛马）；throwsomebodyacurveball：虚晃一招，行骗；gettofirstbase：取得初步成功（棒球）；throwthesponge：认输或投降；playforhighstakes：下大赌注；hittheJack-pot：获得大笔赌注，取得巨大成功3．翻译要点1）新闻词语翻译要准确2）态度要严谨3）语言不宜太俗，也不宜太雅4）避免使用过激词语，以事实或消息为目的4．翻译方法直译、意译、直译或音译加注释等多种方法。StepthreeTranslationPractice1.PutthefollowingintoEnglish.1)十一五规划:the11thFive-YearGeneralPlan2)科学发展观:ascientificoutlookondevelopment3)自主创新能力:capacityforindependentinnovation4)创新型国家:innovation-orientedcountry5)建设社会主义新农村:教法提示Enlighteningppt.aided7 长春工程学院教案用纸buildanewsocialistcountryside6)优化经济结构,优化出口结构:improveeconomicstructure,improveexportstructure7)企业的政策性关闭:policy-basedclosureofenterprises8)建设社会主义精神文明:promoteculturalandideologicalprogress9)《行政许可法》:AdministrativeApprovalLaw10)扬长避短:playupourstrengthsandavoidexposingourweaknesses11)驱利避害:exploitfavorableconditionsandavoidexposuretorisks12)提高经济增长的质量和效益:improvetheefficiencyandperformanceofeconomicgrowth13)提高教育的整体质量:improvetheoverallqualityofeducation14)基层民主:localdemocracy15)整顿小煤矿/整顿医药市场:bringordertosmallcoalminesrestoreorderinthemedicalmarket16)加强两岸人员的往来:increaseexchangeofvisitsbyindividuals17)加强务实合作:enhancecooperationinpracticalterms18)开展全方位外交:strengthenChina’sdiplomacyonallfronts19)全面建设小康社会:buildamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallaspects(inanall-roundway,inallfacets,onallfronts,ineveryway,comprehensively20)加强民主法制建设:strengthendemocracyandlegalsystem21)应对突发事件:responsetoemergencies22)信访办:OfficeofComplaints(OfficeofLettersandVisits/OfficeforHandlingPetitionsintheFormofLettersandVisits)23)增强使命感和紧迫感:Weneedtoheightenoursenseofmissionandurgency.24)立足当前、着眼长远:stayfirmlyrootedinthepresentwhilelookingaheadtothefuture25)事业单位:publicserviceinstitutions26)放宽市场准入:easemarketaccess27)求真务实、真抓实干:berealisticandpragmatic,andworkdiligently28)依法行政:law-basedgovernmentadministration29)推进素质教育:promoteeducationthatensuresthewell-roundeddevelopment30)抓好理想信念教育:cultivateidealsandethicsdiscussion教法提示discussionppt.aided7 长春工程学院教案用纸31)德才兼备:(enhance)thepoliticalintegrityandprofessionalcompetence32)量力而行:Weshouldrestrainfromtakingonmorethanwecanhandle.33)分类指导:provideguidancetailoredtothesituation34)这项工作政策性强：Thisissueneedstobehandledcarefully.35)这些目标是有明显的政策导向的。Thesetargetsprovideaclearguidancetopolicymaking.36)我们必须加大力度以实现改革的目标。Weneedtoadoptstrongermeasuresifwearetoattainthegoalofreform.37)广大干部群众共同努力的结果。Thishasbeenmadepossiblethroughthehardworkofgovernmentemployeesandthegeneralpublic.38)不辜负人民的厚望和国家的重托:liveuptopeople’sexpectationsandproveourselvesworthyofthegreattrustthecountryhasplacedinus39)研究适合农民工特点的社会保障办法:workoutsocialsecuritymeasuressuitableforruralmigrantworkers40)一万年太久，只争朝夕。Tenthousandyearsistoolong.Seizetheday,seizethehour.StepFourAssignmentsTranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese（2008）But,ashasbeentrueinmanyothercases,whentheywereatlastmarried,themostidealofsituationswasfoundtohavebeenchangedtothemostpractical.Insteadofhavingsharedtheiroriginalduties,andasschool-boyswouldsay,goinghalves,theydiscoveredthatcaresoflifehadbeendoubled.Thisledtosomedistressingmomentsforbothourfriends;theyunderstoodsuddenlythatinsteadofdwellinginheaventheywerestilluponearth,andhadmadethemselvessalvestonewlawsandlimitations.Insteadofbeingfreerandhappierthaneverbefore,theyhadassumedtheresponsibilities;theyhadestablishedanewhousehold,andmustfulfillinsomewayoranothertheobligationsofit.Theylookedbackedwithaffectiontotheirengagement;theyhadbeenlongingtohaveeachothertothemselves,apartfromtheworld,butitseemedtheyneverfeltsokeenlythattheywerestillunitsinmodernsociety.参考译文:本文选自朱厄特的文章《新生活》TheNewLifebySarah教法提示Homeworkwillbecheckedthenexttime7 长春工程学院教案用纸Jewett.萨拉•奥恩•朱厄特(SarahOrneJewett,1849-1909)生于缅因州南贝里克镇，十几岁时就已开始写作。初期写的短篇，收集在《深港》里(Deephaven,1877)，出版后反应良好，其后又写了一些短篇，几部小说和诗歌，大部写的都是缅因州的生活。一八九六年出版的《针枞之乡》(TheCountryofthePointedFirs)是她最著名的作品。但是正如许多其他情形一样，当他们最终结婚之后，却发现最美好的憧憬已被极为现实的生活所取代。他们非但没有分担原来的责任，像学生说的那样"一人一半"，相反却发现生活中的忧虑成倍增加。这使我们两位结了婚的朋友有时感觉很沮丧；他们突然明白自己根本没有住进天堂，而是仍然生活在尘世，而且还成为了新的清规戒律的奴隶。他们不但没有比从前更自由、更快乐，反而要承担新的责任；建立了新的家庭，就必须以这样或那样的方式承担起这个家庭的义务。他们深情地回忆订婚之时（的无限憧憬），两人曾期待着彼此拥有，远离尘嚣，然而他们似乎从未如此深刻地体会到自己仍是现代社会中的一份子。StepFive:Referencesforfurtherreading1.朱伊革，英语新闻的语言特点与翻译[m].上海：上海交通大学出版社，20082.陈树培，英汉报刊翻译常见错误[m].北京：外文出版社，2007StepSix:Feedback__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教法提示Commentswillbemadeabouttheclassperformanceandtheassignments.7 长春工程学院教案用纸7