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1、中国农业科学2007,40(7):1309-1314ScientiaAgriculturaSinica籼稻巨胚种质的诱变获得及遗传研究11121章清杞，张书标，黄荣华，林光，杨仁崔12（福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所，福州350002;福建省闽清县农业局，闽清350800）摘要：【目的】明确诱发产生巨胚突变的频率和巨胚基因的遗传规律。【方法】以11个籼稻品种为材料，通60过Co-γ射线辐射干种子，种植后收获自然成熟的M2代种子。将种子去壳后肉眼鉴别巨胚突变体（比原胚大至少1倍），计算水稻巨胚性状的突变频率；用通过辐射诱变获得的2个籼稻巨胚品系98-14geB
2、和Mge86与其相应原亲本杂交配成一套F1、F2和BC1F1材料，调查种子胚的大小，研究巨胚性状的遗传。【结果】在M1代混收的M2种子中，水稻巨胚突变的出现频率平均为0.00125%，变幅为0.00029%～0.00285%。本研究以250Gy和350Gy2种剂量分别照射11个籼稻品系的干种子，在其中9个品系中获得巨胚突变体。【结论】本研究取材的2个籼稻巨胚突变体均为单隐性基因突变，且均与粳稻巨胚品种1137的巨胚基因等位，无非等位巨胚基因发现；胚的大小直接由种子基因型决定，而同为胚发育提供营养的母体基因型及细胞质均无关系。关键词：籼稻；巨胚；辐射诱变；突变
3、率；遗传分析InducedMutationandGeneticAnalysisofGiantEmbryoinIndicaRice11121ZHANGQing-qi,ZHANGShu-biao,HUANGRong-hua,LINGuang,YANGRen-cui1(InstituteofGeneticsandCropBreeding,FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversity,Fuzhou350002;2AgricultureBureauofMinqingCounty,FujianProvince,Minqing350800)
4、Abstract:【Objective】Theresearchwasmadeinordertodeterminethegiantembryomutationfrequencyandgeneticregularityofgiantembryo(ge)gene.【Method】Theseedsof11IndicaricecultivarsweretreatedbynucleusirradiationandthestrainswithgiantembryograinswereselectedinM2generation.Thegiantembryofrequenc
5、yofmutationinM2wascalculated.TheinheritanceofgiantembryocharactersinIndicaricewasstudiedbyinvestigatingthesizeofembryoofplantsingenerationsofP1,P2,F1,F2andBC1F1,whichweremadebycrossingthegiantembryomutants98-14geBandMge86withtheircorrespondingoriginaltypes98-14BandMinghui86.【Result
6、】Themainresultswereasfollowing:Thegiantembryomutationfrequencyofindicariceaveraged0.00125%atarangeof0.00029%-0.00285%,varyingwithapplieddosageandmutatedmaterials.Atotalof11varietieswereirradiatedandgiantembryomutantswereobtainedinM2populationsof9varieties.【Conclusion】Thetraitofgian
7、tembryoisgeneticallycontrolledbyapairofrecessivegenes.Thesizeofriceembryoisonlycontrolledbythegenotypeofzygote,andnotaffectedbythegenotypesofthefemaleparentplantandthecytoplasm.Hence,itispossibletoidentifygiantembryomutantsdirectlyfromseedsofM2orF2..Populationallelictestsshownthatt
8、hegenesin98-14geBandMge86a
