2012英语高考复习阅读理解+短文改错

《2012英语高考复习阅读理解+短文改错》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

阅读理解推理判断题一、记叙文A(2010·河南调研)Aflockofhungrypigeonswereflyingacrosstheskyinsearchoffood.Havingtraveledalongdistance,theyfelttiredandsettleddownonatree.Justbelowthetree,theysawgrainsstrewn(撒满)allovertheground.Thepigeonswerehappytohavefoundenoughfoodtoeat.Allthepigeonscamedownfromthetreeandstartedeatingthegrains.Astheyweredoingso,ahugenetfellonthemandtrappedthemall.Thepigeonsweretakenaback.Theynoticedahuntersittingatadistancefromthetree,abowandarrowinhand.Thepigeonsrealizeditwasthehunterwhohadtrappedtheminthenet.Thehuntergotupandbegantomovetowardsthepigeons.Theleaderofthepigeonsspoke,“Friends,weareingreattrouble.Thehunterwillcatchusifwedonotactswiftlyinafewseconds.Thereisonlyoneoptionavailableatthismoment.Letallofususeourforcetogetherandflyupalongwiththenet.Ifallofususeourforceandflytogether,wecanflycarryingthenetalongwithus.Letusstartnow.”Allthepigeonsagreedwithhimandflewhighcarryingthenetalongwiththem.Aftertravelingenoughdistanceawayfromthehunter,thepigeonssettledonatreeandcarefullycameoutofthenetonebyoneandthusescapedtheevildesignofthehunter.1.Whostrewedthegrainsovertheground?A.Avillager.B.Thehunter.C.Thepigeonowner.D.Thewriter.2.Theword“________”hastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“option”．A.reasonB.choiceC.actionD.opinion3.Howdidthepigeonsreactwhentheygottrapped?A.Theydidn'tknowwhattodo.B.Theytriedtoflyinalldirections.C.Theyremainedrathercalm.D.Theydecidedtofightfortheirlives.4.Thisstorywantstotellusthat________.A.twoheadsarebetterthanoneB.confidencewillsaveeveryoneC.teamworkcanworkwondersD.actionsspeaklouderthanwords答案与解析：一群饥肠辘辘的鸽子在觅食时中了猎人的圈套，领头的鸽子临危不惧，镇定自若，带 领其他鸽子最终从网中成功逃出。1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的内容可知在地面上抛洒谷物的是那个“猎人”。2．B　猜测词义题。上一段的最后提到猎人朝鸽子走过来，再结合领头鸽所说的话可推测它们此刻只有一种“选择”。3．C　推理判断题。结合第三段领头鸽所说的话以及下一段第一句中的内容可推测它们落入圈套后相当镇静。根据常识可知如果鸽子朝四面八方飞，他们就不可能将网带起来，所以B项不正确。4．C　主旨大意题。群鸽在生命危急之时在领头鸽的带领下共同努力，最终摆脱了猎人的邪恶圈套，由此可知本文的主旨是“团队协作可以创造奇迹”。A项表示“两个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”；B项表示“自信可挽救每一个人”；D项表示“事实胜于雄辩”，都不能很好地概括文章大意。B(2010·石家庄质检)Onceuponatime,twobrotherswholivedonneighboringfarmsfellintoconflict(冲突).Itwasthefirstseriousonebetweenthemin40yearsoffarmingpeacefullysidebyside.Intheend,theyfellapart.Onemorning,amanwithacarpenter'stoolboxcameforsomework.Theelderbrothersaid,“Ijusthaveajobforyou.Lookatthefarmacrossthecreek(河沟).Myyoungerbrotherlivesthere.Itwashewhousedhisbulldozer(推土机)todigthecreeklastweektospite(刁难)me.SoIwantyoutobuildmeafence,an8foothighfence,inordernottoseehisplaceanymore.”Thecarpentersmiledandsaid,“Isee.I'lltrytodoajobthatsatisfiesyou.”Thentheelderbrotherwentdowntown.Atsunsetwhenthefarmerreturned,thecarpenterhadjustfinishedhisjob.Thefarmer'seyesopenedwide!Tohissurprise,therewasnofencethereatall!Instead,therewasabridgestretchingfromonesideofthecreektotheother!Afinepieceofwork!Hesawhisyoungerbrothercomingtohimwiththehandsoutstretching.Thebrothersstoodateachendofthebridge,andthentheymetinthemiddle,takingeachother'shands.Theyturnedtoseethecarpenterlifthistoolboxonhisshoulder.“No,wait!Stayafewdays.I'vealotofotherworkforyou，”saidtheelderbrother.“I'dlovetostayon，”thecarpentersaid,“butIhavesomanymorebridgestobuild.”1.Whatwasthelifelikeforthetwobrothersbeforetheconflict?A.Theylivedapoorlife.B.Theylivedinpeace.C.Theyneverspoketoeachother.D.Theylivedonthesamefarm.2.Itcanbelearnedthatthecarpenterwas________.A.unwillingtoobeythefarmerB.fondofbuildingbridgesC.unabletobuildafenceD.willingtohelpothers3.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________. A.AFinePieceofWorkB.ACarpenterC.AConflictBetweenTwoBrothersD.TwoBrothers4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theelderbrotherusedhisbulldozertodigacreek.B.Theelderbrotherhelpedthecarpenterbuildthebridge.C.Thebrotherswerebothsatisfiedwiththecarpenter'swork.D.Thecarpenterplannedtobuildan8foothighfenceasaskedto.答案与解析：这是一篇寓意很深的记叙文：一个聪明又乐于助人的木匠使产生冲突的兄弟俩和好如初，化干戈为玉帛。1．B　细节理解题。从文章第一段“Itwasthefirstseriousonebetweenthemin40yearsoffarmingpeacefullysidebyside.”可以看出，发生冲突之前他们是和平相处的。2．D　推理判断题。从文章对木匠的描述和他干活的情况看，他是一个聪明、乐于助人、技术熟练的木匠。3．A　主旨概括题。文章主要讲述了一位木匠在两个农场之间架了一座桥，这座桥化解了兄弟之间的冲突的故事。因此，无论从具体的桥还是从寓意上的桥来讲它都是一件“杰作”。故A项作为标题最合适。4．C　细节理解题。由最后一段中兄弟俩的表现尤其是“Afinepieceofwork！”可知兄弟俩对木匠做的活很满意，故选C项。其他选项与原文内容不符。C(2010·重庆调研)Earlyonemorningthesubinspectoratastationattheotherendofthetownrangme.Anelephantwasdamagingthetown.WouldIpleasecomeanddosomethingaboutit?IdidnotknowwhatIcoulddo,butIgotontoahorseandstartedout.Itookmygun,maybetoosmalltokillanelephant,butIthoughtthenoisemightscarehim.Variouslocalpeoplestoppedmeonthewayandtoldmeabouttheelephant'sdoings.Itwasnot,ofcourse,awildelephant,butatameone.Ithadbeenchainedupbutlastnightithadbrokenitschainandescaped.Itsowner,hadsetouttorunafterit,buthadtakenthewrongdirection.Hewasnowtwelvehours'journeyaway,andinthemorningtheelephanthadsuddenlyappearedinthetown.Ithadalreadydestroyedsomebody'sbamboohut(棚屋),killedacowandturnedoverfruitstalls.Icameroundthehutandsawaman'sdeadbodysprawlinginthemud.HewasanIndian,andhecouldnothavebeendeadmanyminutes.Thepeoplesaidthattheelephantcaughthimwithitstrunk,putitsfootonhisbackandgroundedhimintotheearth.Thiswastherainyseasonandhewaslyingonhisstomachinthesoftmud,the__peacebreakerstandingbeside,lookinginnocent.AsIliftedmygun,Ihesitatedafewseconds.ThenIfired.Thatwasashotthatdidforhim.Youcouldseethepainofitknockthelaststrengthfromhislegs.Butinfallinghe seemedforamomenttorise,histrunkreachingskywardlikeatree.Hetrumpeted,forthefirstandonlytime.Andthendownhecame,withacrashthatshooktheground.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheauthorisTRUE?A.HewasanIndian.B.Heknewelephantswell.C.Hewasnotalocalvillager.D.Hewastheowneroftheelephant.2.Theelephantmadesomuchtroublebecause________.A.itsownertreatedhimcruellyB.itgotoutofcontrolC.ithatedthevillagepeopleD.itwasawildelephant3.Theunderlinedwords“thepeacebreaker”inParagraph4referto________.A.theelephantB.thedeadmanC.theauthorD.thesubinspector4.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorfelt________whenheshottheelephant.A.excitedB.sadC.frightenedD.happy答案与解析：1．C　正误判断题。A项错是因为被大象踩死的那个人是印度人；B项错是因为作者根本不了解大象；D项错在作者根本不是大象的主人。从第一段和第二段知，作者是奉命带上枪去制止那头捣乱的大象的，应该是警察，故C项正确，即他不是村民。2．B　推理判断题。从第三段知那头驯养的大象跑了出来，造成了不少麻烦。文章中没有提到A、C项，故只是那头大象失去了控制。3．A　指代题。从画线词thepeacebreaker前后可知，它就是那头捣乱的大象。4．B　推理判断题。从最后一段描述的作者开枪前的犹豫及对大象死前挣扎的描述可知作者是很悲伤的。二、夹叙夹议文A(2010·河南部分重点联考)MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimetellingyou,specifically,whatarethevalueswhichAmericansliveby.Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought.OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedStates.ThishascausedmetotrytolookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors.Iamconfidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost(butnotall)Americans,andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou,theinternationalvisitor,understandAmericans.Itismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingrainedinAmericans,theywillthenbeabletounderstand95%ofAmericanactions—actions whichmightotherwiseappear“strange”，“confusing”，or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheperspective(aspect)oftheforeigner'sownsocietyanditsvalues.Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounter(meet)anaction,orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou,trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.1.AnordinaryAmericancan'ttellyouhis/hervaluesystembecause________.A.thisissomethinganAmericanlivesbyB.everyonewillhavehis/herownvaluesystemC.he/shehasneverthoughtaboutitD.valuesaresomethingoftenintheirthought2.Theauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto________.A.inviteforeignerstovisitAmericaB.lookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitorsC.describetheconfusingactionsofmostAmericansD.helpinternationalvisitorsunderstandAmericans3.Theunderlinedword“ingrained”inLine2,Paragraph3mostprobablymeans“________”．A.rootedinthemindsB.foundinthegrainsC.plantedforfoodD.preparedwithgrain4.VisitorssometimesfindAmericansbehaveinastrange,confusingorunbelievableway,probablybecause______.A.AmericansarehardtounderstandB.AmericanshavevalueswhichareentirelydifferentfromtheirownC.theyviewAmericansaccordingtothevaluesintheirownsocietyD.itisdifficulttounderstandanypeoplewhenyoufirstencounterthem答案与解析：本文是一本书的序言。作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止觉得很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观。了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可思议”了。1．C　细节理解题。第一段说，美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。2．D　推理判断题。由第二、三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的13条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止。3．A　词义猜测题。结合上下文内容可知这13条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉行的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的含义应该是A项。 4．C　推理判断题。第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项。B(2010·唐山联考)Wethoughtwehaditall—abeautifulhouse,threehealthychildrenandonemoreontheway,twocars,acoupleoffourwheelersforentertainment—andwelovedit.Then,themarketturnedandmyhusband'sjobataconstructioncompanywasgone.Thecompanywasclosingdownforgood.Webothstartedlookingforjobsrightaway,butthereweren'tanytobefound.Witheachpassingdayweweregettingincreasinglyworriedandwecontinuedtoworktogetherinordertopullourfamilythrough.The__more__we__pulled__together,__the__closer__we__got.IfeltfeelingsofadmirationformyhusbandthatIhadn'tfeltinyears.That'swhyitwassohardformetowatchhimblamehimselfforourpresentsituation.Icontinuallyaskedhimtostop,butheseemedtowanttopunishhimselffornothavingajob.Finally,oneafternoonIpulledhimasideandsaid,“Wehavefourhealthychildrenandeachother.That'swhat'simportant.Thatmakesyouarichman.”“Butwhatifwelosethehouse?They'llhateme—you'llhateme，”hereplied.Ismiledathimandputmyhandsonbothsidesofhisfacetomakehimlookmeintheeye.“NomatterwhereweliveIwillbehappy—aslongasIhaveyou.”Ismiledagain.InallthestrugglingtogetherIhadfoundthatdeeploveforhimthatIhadonthedaywesaid“Ido”．Icouldseehisshouldersandneckrelaxed.Heheldmecloseandwewereabletotalkandplananddreamtogetherinawaythatwehadn'tforquitesometime.Itwasaturningpointforusasacoupleandafamily.Wearestillstrugglingforourbetterlife,butIconsideruswelloffbecausewehavesomethingthatmoneycan'tbuyandnoonecantakeawayfromus.1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphmeansthat________.A.theybecamecloserastheystruggledtogetherB.theyhopedtofindjobsinthesamecompanyC.neitherofthemhadthecouragetofacethedifficultyD.theyweretryingtomaketheirrelationshipcloser2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.theybothfoundgoodjobsatlastB.bothofthemwereworriedaboutjoblessnessC.herhusbandwastoblamefortheunemploymentD.theydidn'tloveeachotherwhentheygotmarried3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheirpresentlife?A.Bitterbuteasy.B.Comfortableandhappy. C.Hardbutwarm.D.Welloffandrelaxing.4.Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe________.A.WeHaveItAllB.WeFindItAgainC.APerfectCoupleD.AHardTime答案与解析：经济危机发生以后，丈夫的失业使作者的家庭生活发生了变化。丈夫常常因找不到工作而自责，这时作者就安慰他。面临困境，他们能够互相体谅、安慰，虽然他们没有找到工作，但是他们感觉在精神上更富有了。1．A　猜测句意题。结合语境可知，在丈夫找工作遭遇挫折的时候，妻子与他齐心协力、渡过难关。可见Themorewepulledtogether,thecloserwegot的含义是：我们越是团结在一起，我们的心就越靠近对方。2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知：他们对失业都很担心。故选B项。其他三项与文中内容不符。3．C　推理判断题。结合文章的内容可知，丈夫失业以后，作者家的生活比以前艰难，但是他们感受到了一种强烈的爱，所以在心灵深处更加温暖，用hardbutwarm描述作者一家现在的生活最合适。4．B　主旨大意题。本文一开始谈到丈夫失业以后，“作者的家庭生活发生了变化。虽然多次找工作未果，但是他们更团结了，也更看重对方了。从感情方面来说他们又找回了(WeFindItAgain)久违的那种情感。WeFindItAgain为双关语，既与文中谈到的工作的话题重合，又暗示他们又找到了(幸福感)，最适合作本文标题。C(2010·海淀期末)MyBestEnemyOnceagain,Iwasinanewschool.SowasagirlinmyclassnamedLisa.That'swherethesimilarityended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythickblackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshortintoanuntidystyle.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwas12andoneoftheoldestintheclasswhileshewas11andtheyoungest.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher,consideringhermyenemy.Butshelikedmeandwantedtobefriendswithme.Oneday,sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Myfamilyhadmovedsixtimesinsixyears,andIhadnevermanagedtodevelopanyfriendships.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Shelivedinafunpartoftownthathadtwopizzaplaces,anallnightbookstore,amovietheaterandapark.Aswewalkedfromtheschoolbusstopthroughherneighborhood,Itriedtoguesswhichhousemightbehers.Wasitthewhiteonewiththeperfectlawnorthethreestoryhousewithafrontporch?Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanoldapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinatworoomplacewithhermother,herstepfather,hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegotintotheroomshesharedwithhersister,shetookoutabigcaseof Barbies,whichwasmynextsurprise.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Wesatonthefloor,laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.Wefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandbothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreattimethatafternoon.Lisawaslovedbythewholeneighborhood.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines;themovietheatergaveherfreetickets...SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouseandspenteveryfreemomenttogether.Lisa,myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood,helpedmegetthroughtheroughyearsofearlyadolescence(青春期)andtaughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends:yourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.1.ThewriterandLisaweresimilarinthewaythat________.A.theywerebothnewstudentsB.theyhadthesamehairstyleC.theywerebothtallD.theywereofthesameage2.OnedayLisainvitedthewriter________.A.togotothemovieB.togotoherhomeC.togotowalkinaparkD.togotoapizzaplace3.InthepassagethewriterdescribedLisaasagirlwhowas________.A.awkwardandshyB.richandhappyC.quietandlonelyD.friendlyandlovely4.WhichofthefollowingdidthewriterlearnfromLisa?A.Howtomakeupstories.B.Howtodealwithenemies.C.Howtomakefriends.D.Howtoliveabetterlife.答案与解析：1．A　细节理解题。从第一段中的“...Iwasinanewschool.Sowasagirl...”可以知道，作者和Lisa之间的相似点在于她们都是新来的学生。其他选项可以通过第二段进行排除，所以答案选A项。2．B　细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可以知道，Lisa邀请“我”去她家做客，所以答案选B项。3．D　逻辑推理题。从倒数第二段我们不难发现Lisa很受人欢迎，对人友善，活泼可爱，她并不害羞，家庭虽然不很富有，但家庭氛围融洽。由此可知D项最符合作者眼中的Lisa的性格形象，所以选D项。4．C　细节理解题。在最后一段，作者告诉我们，Lisa帮助“我”度过青春期早期的艰难时光，她教会了“我”如何交朋友。所以答案选C项。 三、应用文A(2010·河南五校联考)WelcometoLanguageuponThames.ThisbrochurehasbeendesignedtogiveyouanoverviewofourLanguageSchoolandthecoursesweoffer.Ifyouhavesomeadditionalquestionspleasedonothesitatetocontactusformoreinformation.AtLanguageuponThames,wefeelitisimportanttobeflexible,inorderthatstudentscandecidewhatperiodofstudysuitsthembest.SmallGroupGeneralEnglishCoursesThesecoursesareaimedatstudentswhowishtoimprovetheirspeaking,listening,readingandwritingskillsandareofferedatthefollowinglevels.BEGINNERSELEMENTARY(初级)PREINTERMEDIATEUPPERINTERMEDIATEStudyingoneoftheabovecourseswillenableyoutouseEnglishmoreconfidentlyandcompetentlyonadailybasis.Tryourfreeonlinetesttoseewhichlevelyouareat—CLICKHERE.ExamCoursesThesecoursesareaimedatstudentswhowishtogainacademicqualificationsinEnglishandareofferedatthefollowinglevels.UniversityofCambridgeexams：ADVANCED1—FCE(Firstcertificate)ADVANCED2—CAE(Advanced)ADVANCED3—CPE(Proficiency)Studyingoneoftheabovecourseswillenableyoutocontinueyoureducationorenteruniversityinthiscountry.(StudentswishingtogainadmissiontoaBritishuniversityarenormallyrequiredtohavetheCambridgeProficiencyCertificate.)Speaking,Listening&PronunciationThiscoursebuildsoncommunicativeconfidenceandcompetenceandisaimedatstudentswhowishtodeveloptheimportantskillsofspeakingandlistening.Emphasisisalsoplacedonpronunciation,withactivitiesdesignedtomeettheneedsofstudentsofdifferentnationalities,whoneedtofocusondifferentareas.CLICKHEREtoregisterforaGeneralEnglishcourse.OtherLanguagesAtLanguageuponThamesweofferawiderangeofcafeterias,restaurants,shopsandbars.Mostimportantly,wehaveforeignlanguageclassesofFrench,Japanese,German,SpanishandItalianduringtheday,eveningoronaonetoonebasis.1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout? A.Englishcourses.B.Waystoimprovestudents'English.C.Thebestwaytoimproveyourskills.D.TheimportanceofEnglish.2.IfyouattendExamCourses,youwill________.A.useEnglishasfluentlyasanativespeakerB.dealwitheverydayEnglishwellC.havebetterpronunciationofEnglishD.beabletocontinueyoureducationorenteruniversityinthiscountry3.Judgingfromthedescription,wecantellthatthispassagemustbetakenfrom________.A.anewspaperB.amagazineC.theInternetD.aguidebook4.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT________.A.onlyEnglishmencanattendthecoursesB.thecoursesaredesignedforlearnersofdifferentlevelsC.onecanlearnFrenchevenintheeveningD.languageuponThamesisaschoolaimedtoofferhelpwithlanguagelearning答案与解析：这是一篇应用文，介绍了LanguageuponThames开设的课程和招生对象。1．A　主旨大意题。依据第一段“ThisbrochurehasbeendesignedtogiveyouanoverviewofourLanguageSchoolandthecoursesweoffer.”可知本文主要介绍该校开设的英语课程。2．D　细节理解题。依据ExamCourses部分的“Studyingoneoftheabovecourseswillenableyoutocontinueyoureducationorenteruniversityinthiscountry.”可知答案为D项。3．C　推理判断题。依据文章两次出现链接标志CLICKHERE推断本文选自网络。4．A　细节理解题。依据ExamCourses部分中括号内的StudentswishingtogainadmissiontoaBritishuniversityarenormallyrequiredtohavetheCambridgeProficiencyCertificate和Speaking,Listening&Pronunciation中的meettheneedsofstudentsofdifferentnationalities推断，这所语言学校的招生对象不仅仅是英国人，故A项错误。B(2010·江西五校联考)Live__the__“American__Dream”Whatisit:Work&TravelUSAWhoarequalified:Fulltimecollegestudents,above18yearsoldAbouttheprogram:Applicationforthe2009Work&TravelUSAprogramhasjuststarted.It'san8～16weeks'summerprogramforcollegestudentstoworkandtravelintheU．S.EmployersincludeBoeing,HiltonHoteland7Eleven.Fornextsummer,about3,500positionsareopentoChinesestudents.Applicantsmustpassalanguagetestandsometimesaninterview, andpayaregistrationfeetojointheprogram.(source:www.Cultureexchange.org)Hundreds__needed__by__VolkswagenWhatisit:ShanghaiVolkswagenjobsWhoarequalified:Collegestudentsgraduatingin2009Aboutit:ShanghaiVWoffersover300positionsfromengineeringtomarketingtocollegestudentsgraduatingin2009.Applicantsshouldhaveanexcellentacademicrecord,CET6orthesamelevellanguagecertificateinGerman,andgoodcomputerskills.CampustalkswilltakeplaceinShanghai,Changchun,Harbin,Wuhan,Changsha,Nanjing,BeijingandXi'anfromOctober.(source:campuschinahr.com/2009/pages/csvw)Xiaonei__looking__for__graduatesWhatisit:OakPacificInteractive(OPI)internships(实习)Whoarequalified:CollegejuniorsandfirstyearpostgraduatestudentsAboutit:OPIisnowofferinginternshippositionsfortestengineer,developmentengineerandassistanttothedirectorofcorporateculture.Forengineeringpositions,candidatesshouldmajorincomputerscienceorarelatedfield,havecommunicationabilityandbefamiliarwithvariousdevelopmentlanguages.Forassistanttothedirectorpositions,candidatesshouldbeadeptindocumentwriting,activitiesorganizingandofficesoftware.(source:campus.xiaonei.com)1.Theseadvertisementsaremostprobablyadvertisements________.A.ontheInternetintendedforthegeneralpublictoreadB.inanewspaperintendedforlargecompaniestoreadC.ontheInternetintendedforcollegestudentstoreadD.inanewspaperintendedforcollegestudentstoread2.Theopportunityof________isofferedonlytocollegestudentsgraduatingin2009.A.workinginAmericaB.travelinginAmericaC.positionsinVWD.OPIinternship3.Ifyouwanttoapplyforassistanttothedirectorpositionsyoumust________.A.begoodatdocumentwritingB.studycomputerscienceC.havecommunicationabilityD.befamiliarwithvariouslanguages答案与解析：本文是网上的三则招聘广告。1．C　细节理解题。三则广告在Whoarequalified 栏里谈到的招聘对象都是大学生，且三则广告的source栏中都是网址，可知消息来自因特网，故选C项。2．C　细节理解题。由第二则广告中的“Whoarequalified:Collegestudentsgraduatingin2009”可知答案为C项。3．A　细节理解题。从第三则广告中的“Forassistanttothedirectorpositions,candidatesshouldbeadeptindocumentwriting,activitiesorganizingandofficesoftware.”可知A项符合题意。C(2010·河南示范性高中联考)LuggageWeaskyoutokeepwhatyoubringwithyoudowntoonemediumsizedsuitcaseperpersononboardthebus.SeatArrangements(安排)Specialneedsforparticularseatscanbemadeonmostbusbreakswhenbooking,butsincearrangementsaremadeonafirstcomefirstservedbasis,earlybookingisadvisable.Whenbookingsaremadewithus,youwillbeofferedthebestseatswehaveonthebusatthattime.TravelDocumentsWhenyouhavepaidyourdeposit(订金),wewillsendyouallthenecessarydocuments,sothatyoureceivethemingoodtimebeforethebusbreakdeparture(出发)date.Certaindocuments,forexampleairorboattickets,mayhavetobekeptandyourdriverorguidewillthengivethemtoyouatthepropertime.SpecialDietsIfyouneedaspecialdiet,youmusttellusatthetimeofbookingandprovideuswithacopyofthediet.Thiswillbepassedontothehotelorhotelsonyourbusbreak.However,oncertainbusbreaks,thehotelsusedaretouristclassandtheymaynotbeabletopreparespecialdiets.Anyextracostsmustbepaidtothehotelyourselfbeforeleavingthehotel.ProgramsSomeofourhotelsarrangeextraprogramswhichincludemusic,dancingandfilmshows,etc.Theyareallofferedbythehotel,butnotguaranteed(保证)．1.Ifyouwanttositinthefrontofthebus,you'dbetter________.A.sayitwhenyougetonthebusB.arriveearlyonthedeparturedateC.bookyourseataheadoftimeD.avoidtravelingatbusytimes2.Yourairtickets________.A.willbesenttoyouatyourdeparturepointB.willbekeptbyyourselfC.willbegiventoyouwithotherdocumentsD.maybeheldbyyourbusdriveruntilyouneedthem 3.Ifyouneedaspecialdiet,youshould________.A.tellthehotelwhenyouarriveB.payextramoneyC.tellthebuscompanywhenbookingD.bookatouristclasshotel4.Extraprogramsare________.A.offeredbythebuscompanyB.offeredbythehotel,butmaynotrunC.offeredbythehotelatanytimeD.anextraoffer,soextramoneymustbepaid答案与解析：本文介绍了外出旅行时在行李、座位安排、旅行证件、特殊饮食以及其他服务方面的注意事项。1．C　细节理解题。文中第二节指出特别的座位需要预订。2．D　细节理解题。文中第三节讲到有关旅行证件的信息，信息表明一般证件在出发前就给游客，但机票或船票等由汽车司机或向导保存，在需要时才能拿到。3．C　细节理解题。文中有关饮食的信息表明，如果需要特别的饮食，必须在预订时告知“我们”，以便为你提供特殊食物。4．B　细节理解题。文中最后一节信息指出一些酒店安排额外的服务项目，如：音乐、舞蹈和电影等，这些由酒店提供，但不能确保。四、说明文A(2010·江西八校联考)Hightechmachineshavemadelifeeasierformillionsaroundtheworld.However,somepeoplestillpreferlowtechwaysofdoingthings.Here'sanexampleofwhythisishappening.Youcanmicrowaveafrozenhamburgerin60seconds.However,itwon'ttasteasgoodastheoneyoucookonthestove.Andifyou'reinthatmuchofahurry,youprobablywon'ttaketimetotoastthebun.Hightechcookingsavestime,butitdoesn'tmakebettertastingmeals.MostpeoplegettheirnewsfromhightechsourcesliketelevisionortheInternet.Thishasmanyadvantages.Forexample,electronicnewsismoreuptodatethannewspapersormagazines.It'salsomoreexcitingtoseeliveandvideotapednewseventsthanphotographs.However,newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadthepartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.Otherhightechtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Forexamples,mostpeopleusethephoneoremailtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymemberswholiveinotherplaces.ButwhenyouusetheInternetorthephone,youdon'talwaysthinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouaresaying,andsometimesyouforgettheimportantthingsyouwanttocommunicate.Similarly,whenyouwordprocessahomeworkassignmentinsteadofhandwritingit,youcancheckyourspellingelectronicallyandputinfancyheadings.However,somestudentsaresobusywiththecomputerthattheydon'tpayenoughattentiontotheactualwordstheyare writing.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewriterlikeshightechcooking.B.Lowtechcookingproducesbettertastingmeals.C.Hightechnewsprogramsalwayskeepyoureadingwhatisimportanttoyou.D.Handwrittenhomeworkisbetterthanwordprocessedhomework.2.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthightechtool?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Easycome,easygo.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Learntowalkbeforeyourun.3.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.Hightechvslowtech.B.Advantagesvsdisadvantages.C.NewspapersandmagazinesvstelevisionandtheInternet.D.Wordprocessingvshandwriting.4.Howisthetextorganized?A.Mainidea—Argument—Explanation.B.Opinion—Discussion—Description.C.Topic—Comparison—Supportingexamples.D.Introduction—Supportingexamples—Discussion.答案与解析：高科技的机器设备使世界上很多人受益，使生活更轻松。但是高科技和低科技各有长处和不足。1．B　细节理解题。文章说明高科技和低科技各有长处和不足，作者并没有表明自己的态度，A项错误；由第一段最后一句话可知B项正确；根据第二段作者举的例子可知C项错误；根据第三段最后两句话可知D项错误。2．C　观点判断题。作者从优势和不足两个方面谈论了hightechtool，因此选C项。任何事物都有两面性。3．A　主旨大意题。整篇文章自始至终作者都在对hightech和lowtech进行比较，故选A项。4．C　结构分析题。文章首先提出问题，然后进行比较分析，接下来举例说明。B(2010·郑州质检)IntheirbookTimetoEattheDog:TheRealGuidetoSustainableLiving,RobertandBrendaValesaykeepingamediumsizeddoghasthesameecologicalimpactasdriving10,000kmayearina4.6literLandCruiser. “We'renotactuallysayingitistimetoeatthedog.We'rejustsayingthatweneedtothinkaboutandknowtheecologicalimpactofsomeofthethingswedoandthatwetakeforgranted.”Constructinganddrivingthejeepforayearrequires0.41hectaresofland,whilegrowingandmanufacturingadog'sfoodtakesabout0.84hectares—or1.1hectaresinthecaseofalargedogsuchasaGermanshepherd.Convincingflesheatingcatsanddogstogovegetarianforthesakeoftheplanetisanonstarter,theValessay.Insteadtheyrecommendkeeping“greener”，smaller,andmoresustainablepets,suchasgoldfish,chickensorrabbits.Thebook'splayfultitle,andserioussuggestionthatpetanimalsmaybeusefully“recycled”，bybeingeatenbytheirownersorturnedintopetfoodwhentheydie,maynotappealtoanimalfans.Annoyingastheideamaybe,thequestionisvalidgiventheplanet'sgrowingpopulationandlimitedresources,RobertValesaid.“Issuesaboutsustainabilityareincreasinglybecomingthingsthataregoingtorequireustomakechoiceswhichareasdifficultaseatingyourdog.It'snotjustaboutchangingyourlightbulbsortakingaclothbagtothesupermarket，”hesaid.“It'saboutmuchmorechallenginganddifficultissues，”headded.“Onceyouseewherecatsanddogsfitinyouroverallbalanceofthings,youmightdecidetohavethecatbutnotalsotohavethetwocarsandthethreebathroomsandbeameateateryourself.”1.Theauthorsgavetheirbooktheplayfultitleto________.A.makeitamusingB.createavividimageC.showwritingskillsD.arousepeople'sconcern2.InParagraph3thewritermainlywantstotellus________.A.theamountofconsumedlandB.theneglectedecologicalimpactC.somefamiliarexamplesD.someactualfigures3.Whomaynotliketheideaof“recycling”petanimals?A.Manufacturers.B.Drivers.C.Animalfans.D.Theauthorities.4.Whatdotheauthorsthinkoflivingasustainablelife?A.Challenging.B.Inspiring.C.Inviting.D.Touching.答案与解析：RobertVale和BrendaVale写了一本名为TimetoEattheDog:TheRealGuidetoSustainableLiving(《该吃狗了：永续生活》)的书，书中提到了一种绝对新鲜的观点——吃掉宠物，或者“回收”宠物。 1．D　推理判断题。RobertVale和BrendaVale写的书名非常有趣，从全文可知，他们这样写的目的在于吸引读者的眼球，引起人们环保的意识，所以答案选D项。2．B　推理判断题。通过第三段建造和驾驶吉普车一年需要的土地的量和种植、生产一条狗的食物所需要土地的量的对比，我们不难发现第三段承接第二段第二句而写的，主要告诉我们“被忽视的生态影响”，所以答案选B项。3．C　细节理解题。从第五段的maynotappealtoanimalfans可知，“回收”宠物的观点不受那些宠物爱好者的欢迎，所以答案选C项。4．A　推理判断题。从最后一段中的It'saboutmuchmorechallenginganddifficultissues可以知道，书的两位作者认为过环保的生活是非常有挑战性的，而且也是很困难的事情，所以答案选A项。C(2010·成都检测)Everyoneknowsthesmartblackandwhitedogthatsitsontopofareddoghousewithhisbestfriend—abirdcalledWoodstock.CreatedbytheAmericancartoonistCharlesSchulzin1950,thecleverdogislovedbygenerationsofkidsandadults.Hespeaksmorethan20languagesandappearsdailyin26,000newspapersaroundtheworld.WhenSnoopyfirstappeared,hewasnotdifferentfromotherpetdogs.Buttwoyearslater,hehadbeguntospeakwithsimplewordsandsounds.By1957hecouldwalkontwolegsandwasgoingtoschoolwithhismaster,CharlieBrown,whofailedinjustabouteverything.Laterhelearnedtousethetypewriter.Snoopyhasdonelotsofjobs.Hehasbeenabowtiewearinglawyer,atennisplayer,anOlympicfigureskater,aworldfamousgrocerycheckoutclerk,apilotandeventhefirstastronautonthemoon.However,Snoopyhasalwaysdreamedofbeingafamouswriter.Thebeginningofhisstoryisalways,“Itwasadarkandstormynight...”Unfortunatelyforhimnoonehaseverwantedtopublishthestory.Inlove,SnoopyisasmuchofafailureasCharlieBrownisatbaseball.Heeasilyfallsinlovebutalwayshashisheartbroken.Heeatstoforget,butitneverworks.Snoopyisaninsightful(富有洞察力的),feelgoodandsometimessaddog.Ifyouthinkalittleabouthiswords,youmightfindthemfulloflifelessons.Amonghismostfamouslinesare“Toliveistodance,todanceistolive.”and“YesterdayIwasadog.TodayI'madog.TomorrowI'llprobablystillbeadog.Sigh!There'ssolittlehopeforadvancement”．1.Snoopyhasdoneallthefollowingjobsexcept________.A.alawyerB.aplayerC.aclerkD.awriter2.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.SnoopyisalwaysasaddogB.SnoopycannotspeakinthebeginningC.SnoopyoftendreamsoftrueloveD.Snoopyisarealsmartpetdog 3.ItcanbeinferredthatSnoopy________.A.hasmanybirdfriendsandrelativesB.isawellknownwriterandclerkC.hasbeenunfortunatesinceitwasbornD.isverypopularinthewholeworld4.Theunderlinedword“advancement”probablymeans________.A.successB.progressC.growthD.popularity答案与解析：史努比(Snoopy)是美国卡通作家CharlesSchulz创作出来的经典动漫形象。它是一只性格外向的小狗，也是世界上最纯真、聪明的狗狗，它的漫画形象早已风靡世界。1．D　细节理解题。文章第四段中谈到Snoopy曾做过律师、网球手、职员等；第五段中的“However,Snoopyhasalwaysdreamedofbeingafamouswriter.”表明当作家一直是Snoopy的梦想，但未曾实现。2．B　细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“WhenSnoopyfirstappeared,hewasnotdifferentfromotherpetdogs.Buttwoyearslater,hehadbeguntospeakwithsimplewordsandsounds.”可知史努比(Snoopy)最初不会讲话。3．D　推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知，史努比(Snoopy)风靡世界，很受欢迎。4．B　词义猜测题。文中最后一段中的内容“YesterdayIwasadog.TodayI'madog.TomorrowI'llprobablystillbeadog.”表明advancement意思为“进展，促进，改进”，与选项B(progress)意义相近。五、议论文A(2010·河南五校联考)Thepoorareverywonderfulpeople.Oneeveningwewentoutandwepickedupfourpeoplefromthestreet.Andoneofthemwasinamostterriblecondition—andItoldthesisters:Youtakecareoftheotherthree.Itakecareofthisonewholookedworse.SoIdidforherallthatmylovecando.Iputherinbed,andtherewassuchabeautifulsmileonherface.Shetookholdofmyhandasshesaidjustthewords“Thankyou”andshedied.IcouldnothelpbutexaminemyconsciencebeforeherandIaskedwhatIwouldsayifIwasinherplace.Andmyanswerwasverysimple.Iwouldhavetriedtodrawalittleattentiontomyself.IwouldhavesaidIamhungry,Iamdying,Iamcold,Iaminpain,orsomething,butshegavememuchmore—shegavemehergratefullove.Andshediedwithasmileonherface.Sodidthatmanwhomwepickedupfromthedrain,halfeatenwithworms,andwebroughthimtothehome.“Ihavelivedlikeananimalinthestreet,butIamgoingtodielikeanangel,lovedandcaredfor，”hesaidattheend.Anditwassowonderfultoseethegreatnessofthatmanwhocouldspeaklikethat,whocoulddielikethatwithoutblaminganybody,withoutcursinganybody,withoutcomparinganything.Likeanangel—thisisthegreatnessofourpeople.AndthatiswhywebelievewhatJesushassaid:Iwashungry,Iwasnaked,Iwashomeless,Iwasunwanted,unloved,uncaredfor,andyoudidittome.AndwiththisprizethatIreceivedasaPrizeofPeace,Iamgoingtotrytomakethehomeformanypeoplewhohavenohome.BecauseIbelievethatlovebeginsathomeandifwecancreateahomeforthepoorIthinkthatmoreandmorelovewillspread.Andwewillbeable throughthisunderstandinglovetobringpeace,thegoodnewstothepoor,thepoorinourownfamilyfirst,inourcountryandintheworld.WhenIpickupapersonfromthestreet,hungryandIgivehimaplateofriceorapieceofbread,Iamsatisfied.Ihaveremovedthathunger.Buttoapersonwhoisshutout,whofeelsunwanted,unloved,terrified,whohasbeenthrownoutfromsociety,thatpovertyissofullofhurtandsounbearable...Andsoletusalwaysmeeteachotherwithasmile,forthesmileisthebeginningoflove,andoncewebegintoloveeachothernaturallywewanttodosomething.1.Whatcanbelearnedfromthesecondparagraph?A.Thewomanshouldhavepaidmoreattentiontoherself.B.Themancouldn'tblameanyone.C.Theauthorisreligious.D.Themandiedinthestreet.2.Thepurposeofthispassageis________.A.toappealformoredonationforthepoorB.tocallonthepublictoloveeachotherC.totellthereadersthepoorarewonderfulD.toexpresshowmovedtheauthoristoreceivetheprize3.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theauthorhasfewsupporters.B.Theauthorwassomewhatsurprisedatwhatthemansaid.C.Theauthorisdelightedtohelpothersintrouble.D.Theauthormayagreetosolvesocialproblemsinsoftways.4.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.HaveSympathyforthePoorB.ThePoorAreWonderfulC.SmileandLoveD.RelievePoverty答案与解析：这是特雷莎修女获得诺贝尔和平奖时的演讲稿。演说朴实无华，其所举事例听起来似乎平凡之生，然而其中蕴含的伟大而神圣的爱感人至深。1．A　细节理解题。依据第二段第三、四句内容可知，被救助的女子应该关注自己才对，但是她向“我”表达了感激之情。2．B　推理判断题。依据全文最后一句内容推断，只要我们每个人多一份爱心，多一点微笑，这个世界会更加美好。3．A　推理判断题。从特雷莎修女获得诺贝尔和平奖的事实以及她的言辞中可以推断，她的行为得到了广泛认可，支持者甚多。故A项错误。4．C　主旨大意题。本文从点滴故事开始讲起，叙述自己的经历和感受，最后照应本文主题：微笑和爱心会使这个世界更美好。 B(2010·海淀期中)Habitsareafunnything.Wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonautopilotandrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine.“Notchoice,buthabitrulestheunreflectingcreatures.”WilliamWordsworthsaidinthe19thcentury.Intheeverchanging21stcentury,eventheword“habit”carriesanegativemeaning.Soitseemscontradictorytotalkabouthabitsinthesamecontextasinnovation(创新).Butbrainresearchershavediscoveredthatwhenweconsciouslydevelopnewhabits,wecreateparallelpaths,andevenentirelynewbraincells,thatcanjumpourtrainsofthoughtontonew,innovativetracks.Ratherthandismissingourselvesasunchangeablecreaturesofhabit,wecaninsteaddirectourownchangebyconsciouslydevelopingnewhabits.Infact,themorenewthingswetry,themorecreativewebecome.Butdon'tbothertryingtokilloffoldhabits;oncethoserutsofprocedurearewornintothebrain,they'retheretostay.Instead,thenewhabitswedeliberatelypressintoourselvescreateparallelpathwaysthatcanbypassthoseoldroads.“Thefirstthingneededforinnovationisattractiontowonder，”saysDawnaMarkova,authorofTheOpenMind.“Butwearetaughtinsteadto‘decide’，justasourpresidentcallshimself‘theDecider’．”Sheadds,“howevertodecideistokilloffallpossibilitiesbutone.Agoodinnovationalthinkerisalwaysexploringthemanyotherpossibilities.”“Allofusworkthroughproblemsinwaysofwhichwe'reunaware，”shesays.Researchersinthelate1960sdiscoveredthathumansarebornwiththeabilitytoapproachchallengesinfourprimaryways:analytically,procedurally,collaboratively(合作地)andinnovatively.Attheendofadolescence,however,thebrainshutsdownhalfofthatability,preservingonlythosewaysofthoughtthathaveseemedmostvaluableduringthefirstdecadeorsooflife.Thecurrentemphasisonstandardizedtestinghighlightsanalysisandprocedure,meaningthatfewofususeourinnovativeandcollaborativewaysofthought.“ThisbreaksthemajorruleintheAmericanbeliefsystemthatanyonecandoanything，”explainsM.J.Ryan,authorofthe2006bookThisYearIWill...andMsMarkova'sbusinesspartner.“That'saliethatwehavepreserved,anditfosterscommonness.Knowingwhatyou'regoodatanddoingevenmoreofitcreateexcellence.”Thisiswheredevelopingnewhabitscomesin.1.Brainresearchershavediscoveredthat________.A.theformingofnewhabitscanbeguidedB.thedevelopmentofhabitscanbepredictedC.theregulationofoldhabitscanbetransformedD.thetrackofnewhabitscanbecreatedunconsciously2.Theunderlinedword“ruts”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto________.A.zonesB.connectionsC.situationsD.tracks3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmostprobablyagreeswithDawnaMarkova'sview?A.Decisionmakesnosenseinchoices.B.Curiositymakescreativemindsactive. C.Creativeideasarebornofarelaxingmind.D.Formationofinnovationcomesfromfantasticideas.4.Thepurposeoftheauthorwritingthisarticleistopersuadeus________.A.togiveupourtraditionalhabitsdeliberatelyB.tocreateanddevelopnewhabitsconsciouslyC.toresisttheapplicationofstandardizedtestingD.tobelievethatoldhabitsconflictwithnewhabits答案与解析：1．A　细节理解题。结合文章第二段和第三段可知，新习惯的养成可以通过大脑有意识的指导进行。注意选项中的guide和第三段中的direct是同义词。2．D　词义猜测题。结合文章第四段的第一句话和第二段的最后一句可知，这里指的正是习惯的轨迹，由此可见该词和track同义。3．B　细节理解题。文章第五段引用DawnaMarkova的话中，第一句话Thefirstthingneededforinnovationisattractiontowonder是其观点的概括，由此可以看出B项和其意思相近。4．B　推理判断题。文章通过介绍新的研究发现告诉我们，新的习惯可以通过大脑有意识的指导养成，又告诉了我们如何有意识地养成新的习惯，由此看出，本文的写作目的是想说服我们有意识地养成一些新的好习惯。C(2010·银川一中模拟)Timeout,extrachoresandtakingawayprivilegesaremoreusefulformsofdisciplining(惩罚)naughtychildrenthanspankingorhitting,accordingtoastudyonWednesday.About94percentofparentsusesomeformofphysicalpunishmenttoteachtheirtwoyearoldsrightfromwrong,accordingtoresearchstudies.Butpsychologistssayitcouldleadtolateremotionalandbehavioralproblems.Evenchildrenwhowereonlyspankedsomeofthetimearemorelikelytoshowsignsofsadnessorhavelessconfidence.“Thekeyistobefairanddothesamethingeachtime.Doingsomethinglikehittingachildthatseemscruelatbestdoesn'thelpandcanputachildatriskforproblems，”saidDrPaulFrick,oftheUniversityofNewOrleansinLouisians.“Itisbettertouseotherpunishments，”headded.Theuseofphysicalpunishmenttoteachchildrenhaslongbeendebated.IncountriessuchasAustria,Finland,GermanyandSweden,itisillegaltousephysicalpunishmentathomeorinschools.Frickandhisteam,whostudiedtheeffectsofphysicalpunishmenton98children,saidtheycouldn'tfindanypositiveeffects.Somechildrenlearnedmorefromthehittingthanwhattheparentwastryingtoteachthem.“Thekeyistohavealotofdifferentformsofpunishmentdependingontheageofthechild，”saidFrick,whoreportedhisfindingsintheJournalofAppliedChildPsychology.Herecommendedtimeoutforyoungerchildrenandtakingawaytelevisionand electronictoysforolderchildren.Givingextrachorescanalsogetthemessageacross.Othermeasuresareatleastaseffectiveasphysicalpunishmentandhavelessharmfulpotentialconsequences.Theresearcherskeptchildrenwhomtheythoughtwereatriskoflaterconductproblemsoutofthetestandanequalnumberofotherchildrenwhoactedasacontrolgroup,tostudywhatmeasureswouldbemosthelpful.Theyquestionedtheparentsandthechildrenaboutpositiveandnegativeparentingbehaviorincludingtheuseofphysicalpunishment.“Wegotitfrombothviewpoints，”saidFrick.Headdedthatchildrenonthereceivingendofahitcanlearnthatwhentheyareupsetandangrytheyhit,ratherthanunderstandingtheirbehaviorwaswrongandthattheyneedtodobetter.1.What'sthepurposeofthewritertowritethisarticle?A.Todebateifphysicalpunishmentisillegal.B.Tointroducehowtodealwithyoungkids.C.Totalkabouthowtodisciplineyoungkids.D.Toorderparentsnottospankyoungkids.2.WhichofthefollowingpunishmentsisNOTrecommendedbyFrickandhisteam?A.Takingawaytoys.B.NotallowingwatchingTV.C.Doingmorehousework.D.SwitchingTVchannels.3.Whatshouldbekeptinmindwhendiscipliningakid?A.Howheorsheusuallybehaves.B.Tellthemwhytheyarepunished.C.Usedifferentformsofpunishmenteachtime.D.Befairandsticktothesameprinciple.4.Accordingtothepassage,whydidDrFrickadviseagainstphysicalpunishment?A.Becausethechildrenmaytakehittingpeopleasasolutiontoproblems.B.Becausethechildrenwilllearntheirbehavioriswrongintime.C.Becauseitisillegaltousephysicalpunishmentincertaincountries.D.Becauseparentsthinkit'stheeasiestwaytoteachkidsrightfromwrong.答案与解析：对于如何对待犯错的孩子这个问题人们看法不一，然而一项调查表明，比体罚更有效的做法是timeout,extrachores与takingawayprivileges。1．C　推理判断题。结合全文尤其是文章第一段给出的调查结果可知，本文的中心是如何惩罚犯错误的孩子，因此选项C正确。2．D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段中的“Herecommendedtimeoutforyounger childrenandtakingawaytelevisionandelectronictoysforolderchildren.Givingextrachorescanalsogetthemessageacross.”可知，转换电视频道不是他们给出的惩罚孩子的建议。3．D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段首句“Thekeyistobefairanddothesamethingeachtime.”可知惩罚孩子时关键要做到公平和原则一致。选项C与本句矛盾。4．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...learnthatwhentheyareupsetandangrytheyhit...”可知，体罚会让孩子采用错误的处事方法，即会采用粗暴的方法。短文改错Passage1(2010·河北部分重点联考)DearAnish，HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.1.________Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon,andit2.________hasaverybigschoolyard.Youcanliveintheschool3.________orneartheschool.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.4.________I'msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.Iknowyou5.________areparticularinterestedinhumanrights.SoIwill6.________seethatthereisanythingontheirwebsite(网址).7.________I'llsendmyfriendCharliemeetyouattheairport8.________whenyouarrived.Youmethimafewyearsago,buthe9.________haschangedalotsincethen.BothyourauntorIlook10.________forwardtoseeingyouagain.Seeyousoon.Peter答案与解析：1．are→is　information是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。2．去掉far　far通常不与表示具体距离的数词连用。3．√4．course→courses　根据句中的allsortsof 可知，这里要表示的是各种各样的课程，因此应用复数形式。5．去掉it　“(that)youlike”是定语从句，修饰先行词one。在从句中，关系代词that作like的宾语，所以it多余。6．particular→particularly　interested是形容词，应使用副词修饰。7．that→if/whether　根据上一句中的内容可知这里的意思是看网络上“是否”有相关信息。8．meet前加to　此处是不定式表示目的。9．arrived→arrive　如果主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时。10．or→and　此处是“both...and...”结构，表示“两者都”。Passage2(2010·石家庄质检)Iamaveryactivegirlinmyclass.Ihavemanyhobby，1.________suchaswritingstories,playingpianoandsingingEnglish2.________songs.MymostfavoritesubjectisEnglish.Ibecame3.________interestedinitwhenIwasveryyoung.Mydreamis4.________tostudyabroad.ButnowIneedtoimprovemyEnglish5.________andlearnmoreaboutwestcultureaswell.Iwillbe6.________abletoimprovingthefriendshipbetweenChinaand7.________therestoftheworld.Ihopedmydreamwillcometrue.8.________AndIbelieveinnobodycanchangemymind.Iwillwork9.________harderandfollowmyheart,nomatterhowhappens！10.________答案与解析：1．hobby→hobbies　many后接复数名词，下文suchas后列举的内容也是提示。2．piano前加the　playthepiano表示“弹钢琴”，是固定搭配。西洋乐器类名词前常用定冠词the。3．去掉most　favorite本身就是“最喜爱的”，因此原句语义重复。4．√5．But→So　前后逻辑上是因果而不是转折关系。6．west→western　依据语境这里表示“西方文化”，应用形容词western作定语。7．improving→improve　beabletodosth.表示“能够做某事”。8．hoped→hope　这里表示说话人现在的愿望，故应用一般现在时。9．去掉in　Ibelievethat..我相信……。believein表示“信任，信仰”，其后不能接从句。10．how→what　nomatterwhathappens无论发生什么，what充当从句的主语。Passage3 (2010·唐山联考)WhenIwasachild,mymomwaspushedmetostudyhard，1.________hopingIcouldgetachancetogotocollege.Iexperience2.________pressureforthefirsttime.Ididthatmymomexpected3.________becauseIdidn'twanttoletheroff.Iwasborntoapoor4.________peasantfamily,butIreallyknewlifewasnoteasy.Allthe5.________thingsmymotherdidwastheresultofherhopethatIcould6.________leadbetterlifeinthefuture.Asthesayinggoes,“Nopains7.________nogains.”Iwasfinallyabletomeetmymotherexpectationsand8.________haveachancetogotocollege.Thankstomymother'spushandthe9.________pressure,Imadeit.Now,Inolongerthinkpressureisagoodthing.10.________答案与解析：1．去掉第二个was　此处不用被动语态，故was多余。2．experience→experienced　此处应用一般过去时态，与全文时态保持一致。3．that→what　这里用what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，that没有这种用法。4．off→down　结合上下文可知此处意为“我不想让她失望”，故应用letsb.down表示“让某人失望”。5．but→and或so　此处应为顺承关系而非转折关系，故将but改为and或so。6．was→were　此处主语为allthethings，故应用were。7．better前加a　leadabetterlife表示“过一种更好的生活”。8．mother→mother's　此处表示“达到了妈妈的期望”，故应用其所有格形式。9．√10．good→bad　根据上文可知此处是指“我不再认为压力是一件坏事”，故应将good改为bad。Passage4(2010·保定调研)LastSundayIwenttotheBird'sNestStadium.Atgate1.________IhappenedtomeetsomeyoungAmericatourists.Igreeted2.________totheminEnglishandthenwebegantochat.Fromthechat3.________IlearnedthattheywerecollegestudentstravelinginBeijing4.________butmostofthemwerefondofChineseculture.Theywere5.________busytakingpicturesandtheyseemtobemuchimpressedby6.________thechangeswhichhadbeentakenplaceinthepastfewyears.7.________AftercomeoutoftheStadium,wewenttotheWaterCubic(水立方)8.________ andhadagoodtimethere.Weexchangedouremailaddresssothat9.________wecouldwritetoeachotherlater.Theythankedusagainandagain.10.________IwasverygladtohavethechancetopractisemyoralEnglish.答案与解析：1．gate前加the　此处表示特指，指的是鸟巢体育馆的大门。2．America→American　应该用形容词来修饰名词。3．去掉第一个to　greet是及物动词，可直接加宾语，不必加to。4．√5．but→and　来北京和喜欢中国文化为并列关系而非转折，应用and表示并列。6．seem→seemed　根据事情发生的时间lastSunday和全文的时态可知，此处也应用一般过去时。7．去掉been　takeplace无被动语态。8．come→coming　介词after后要用动名词形式。9．address→addresses　交换的是双方的邮箱地址，故此处应用复数形式。10．us→me　是“我”帮助了他们，因此用me。Passage5(2010·重庆调研)TodayisSunday.Wehadnotlessons.Afterbreakfast1.________IwantedtodowithmyhomeworkwhenLiLeirangme.2.________Heaskedmetogotothecinemawithhe.Iagreed,but3.________Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Aboutanhourlater，4.________wewentout.InthewaywesawKate;shewasmending5.________herbike.Shelookedveryworry.“Letushelpyou.”LiLei6.________andIallsaid.“Allright.”Andwestoppedtohelpher.7.________Therewasnothingmuchwrongwiththebike,soitcost8.________usonlyseveralminutestimetofinishit.Katewasvery9.________thankful.Whenwehurriedtothecinema,thefilmhad10.________beenonfortenminutes.Butwefelthappy.答案与解析：1．not→no　“没有课”应是havenolessons或don'thaveanylessons。2．去掉with　do是及物动词，直接跟名词作宾语。3．he→him　介词后跟代词时要用宾格。4．have→had　本文是叙述过去发生的事情。5．In→On　“在……途中”是ontheway。 6．worry→worried　“她看上去很着急”，应该用形容词作表语。7．all→both　因为只有我和李蕾两人。8．cost→took　“花费时间做什么”要用Ittakessometimetodosomething。9．去掉time　有具体的时间名词minutes，无须再用time。10．√Passage6(2010·成都检测)MyfatherandIamtakingacampingtripinJuly1.________andAugust.Wewilltravelforabouttwomonthsbut2.________willtourtheUnitedStatesandpartsoftheCanada.We3.________havedecidedtocampbecauseitdoesnotspendasmuch4.________asvacationinginhotels,butwehadtoplancarefully.I5.________thinkthecarwhatwearegoingtodriveisverysmall,so6.________wedecidetotakeonlyonesmallsuitcaseforbothofthem7.________andasfewcampingthingsaspossibly.Wewilltakesome8.________medicinewithuspreventinsectsfromhurtingus,andalso9.________somefoodforpicnics.I'msurethatwewillhavefun.10.________答案与解析：1．am→are　本句的主句是myfatherandI，所以谓语动词用复数形式。2．but→and　此处表示的是顺承关系，而不是转折关系。3．删去第二个the　一般情况下，表示国家的单个词语前不加冠词。4．spend→cost　本句的主语不是人，而是it，所以用cost。5．had→have　短文全篇叙述的都是现在和将来的情况。6．what→that/which或删去what　“that/whichwearegoingtodrive”是定语从句，修饰先行词thecar，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略。7．them→us　根据文章的开头部分可知这里指的是作者本人和作者的父亲，因此应用us。8．possibly→possible　as...aspossible表示“尽可能……”。9．prevent前加to　此处是不定式短语作目的状语。10．√Passage7(2010·绵阳诊断)Tomisalittleboy,butheisonlysevenyearsold.Onedayhe1.________ wenttothecinema.Itwasthefirsttimeforhimtodothat.He2.________boughtaticketandthenwentout.Butaftertwoorthreeminutes3.________hecameoutandboughtthesecondticketandwentinagain.Aftera4.________fewminuteshecomesoutagainandboughtathirdticket.Two5.________orthreeminuteslaterhecameoutandaskedanotherticket.6.________Thenthegirlintheticketofficewhoaskedhim,“Whydoyou7.________buysomanyticket?Howmanyfriendsdoyoumeet？”Tom8.________answered，”No,Ihavenotfriendshere.Butabigboyalways9.________stopsmeatthedoorandtearmytickettopieces.”10.________答案与解析：1．but改为and　依据语境，这里前后句之间是并列关系而不是转折关系。2．√3．out改为in　依据语境，男孩买票走进电影院。4．the改为a　下文boughtathirdticket有暗示。序数词前用不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”。5．comes改为came　结合行文逻辑，这里应用一般过去时。男孩进去又出来了。6．asked后加for　askforsth.表示“要求得到……”。7．去掉who　这里不是定语从句，假如是定语从句，原句缺少主句。8．ticket改为tickets　somany后接复数名词。9．not改为no　not是副词，不能修饰名词，应改为no。10．tear改为tears　这里stop和tear是并列谓语动词，要用第三人称单数的一般现在时。Passage8(2010·内江、广安模拟)LastSaturdaywehadapartyathome.Dad'sfriendscome1.________alongwiththeirfamilies.SinceMomwasnotathome,Dad2.________andIhadtoprepareeverything,soitturnedoutsuchamiracle3.________thattheydidmakeit!Everythingwentperfectlyfine.4.________Alotofkidswhocamethatday.Ihadthemostwonderfultime5.________withSteven.Itwasjustamazedtofindsomeonesomuch6.________likeme.Wehadalotofthingsbycommon.Thetimeseemed7.________shorttome,andIwishedwecouldhavehadsomemoretime8.________tocontinuetheconversation.Hopefulwe'regoingon9.________atriptogethernextsummer,andalsosummerafternext.10.________ 答案与解析：1．come→came　整篇文章为一般过去时，应把come改为came。2．√3．so→but　前后语境为转折关系，应把so改为but。4．they→we　根据上文可知作者使用了第一人称，此处指作者和父亲俩人，因此应把they改为we。5．去掉who　本句为简单句，去掉who。6．amazed→amazing　主语为it，应用amazing作表语，表示“令人惊异的”。7．by→in　固定短语have...incommon表示“有……相同之处”。8．去掉had　wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语应用情态动词＋动词原形，因此把had去掉。9．Hopeful→Hopefully　副词hopefully放在句首，表示“希望”副词作状语修饰整个句子。10．在also后加the　nextsummer指明年夏天，thesummerafternext指后年夏天。Passage9(2010·郑州质检)Weallknowthathealthyisveryimportanttous.Both1.________studyandworkdependbystrongbodies.Doingsports2.________andgameshelpsuskeepstrongandhealthy.Ifwedonot3.________takeanyexercise,wemayfeeltiredbutgetsickeasily.4.________There'smanydifferentkindsofsportswecandothem，5.________suchasplayingballgames,running,walkingandswim.6.________However,nowwehavetoomuchhomeworktodoin7.________everyday.Wehopethatwe'llbegivinglesshomework8.________andhavemoretimetakepartinsports.Wealsohope9.________thatourschoolcanholdasportsmeetingeveryterm.10.________答案与解析：1．healthy→health　这里是句子的主语，因此用名词形式。2．by→on/upon　dependon/upon是固定搭配。3．help→helps　这句话的主语是动名词短语doingsportsandgames。动名词短语作主语表示一件事时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。4．but→and　feeltired和getsick是并列关系，不表示转折，因此将but改为and。5．去掉them　这是一个定语从句，从句中作动词do的宾语的关系代词that(或which)被省略了，因此them是多余的。6．swim→swimming　应用动名词与前面的running，walking并列，故应用 swimming。7．去掉in　everyday可以单独作状语，前面不需要加介词。8．giving→given　这里是被动语态，因此用过去分词。9．take前加to　此处考查的是havetimetodosth.的结构。10．√Passage10(2010·河南五校联考)AfterIfinishedtheschoolthisyear,Ibeganto1.________lookforwork.Nowseveralmonthlater,Istillhadn't2.________foundthejobthatIwasinterested.LastSundaymorning，3.________IreceivedaphonecallfromamancallinghimMr.Smith.4.________Hesaidtomeonthephone,“Ihearyoudoverywellinyour5.________studies.Imayprovideajobforyou.”Ientered6.________hisofficewithabeatenheart.HowIhopedthatI7.________willgothroughthejobhuntingtalktodayandhewould8.________takemeonasalabassistant.Buttomysurprised,9.________whathesaiddisappointing.Heonlyneededamodel.10.________答案与解析：1．去掉the　finishschool是固定搭配，表示“毕业”。2．month→months　month是可数名词，several暗示应用复数形式。3．interested后加in　beinterestedin是固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”。4．him→himself　callinghimselfMr.Smith短语作定语，修饰aman表示“自称Mr.Smith”的男子。5．do→did　根据逻辑可知这里表示毕业前的情况，故用一般过去时。dowellin“干得好”。6．√7．beaten→beating　abeatingheart“忐忑不安的心”。8．will→would　这里应考虑主从句时态的呼应，故用过去将来时。9．surprised→surprise　toone'ssurprise是固定搭配，表示“令某人惊讶的是”。10．said后加was　whathesaid是主语从句，“他的话是令人失望的”。句子缺少系动词。