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1、NIHPublicAccessAuthorManuscriptJExpPsycholLearnMemCogn.Authormanuscript;availableinPMC2011January1.NIH-PAAuthorManuscriptPublishedinfinaleditedformas:NIH-PAAuthorManuscriptNIH-PAAuthorManuscriptJExpPsycholLearnMemCogn.2010January;36(1):66±79.doi:10.1037/a0017394.TheRo
2、leofMemoryActivationinCreatingFalseMemoriesofEncodingContextJasonArndtDepartmentofPsychology,MiddleburyCollegeAbstractThreeexperimentsexaminedfalsememoryforencodingcontextbypresentingDRMthemes(Deese,1959;Roediger&McDermott,1995)inusual-lookingfontsandtestingrelated,bu
3、tunstudied,lureitemsinafontthatwasshownduringencoding.Intwooftheexperiments,testinglureitemsinthefontusedtostudytheirassociatedthemesincreasedfalserecognitionrelativetotestinglureitemsinafontthatwasusedtostudyadifferentlure'stheme.Further,studyingalargernumberofassoci
4、atesexacerbatedtheinfluenceoftestinglureitemsinafontusedtostudytheirassociatedthemes.Finally,testingluresinafontthatwasencodedmanytimes,butwasnotusedtopresentthelures'studiedassociates,increasedlureerrorsmorethantestingluresinafontthatwasencodedrelativelyfewertimes.Th
5、eseresultsfavortheexplanationoffalserecognitionofferedbyglobal-matchingmodelsofrecognitionmemoryovertheexplanationsofactivation-monitoringtheoryandfuzzy-tracetheory.Keywordsfalserecognition;encodingcontext;modelsofrecognitionmemoryHumanmemoryissubjecttoamultitudeoferr
6、ors,includingsourcemisattributions(Zaragoza&Lane,1994),distortions(Schacter,1995),andthecreationoffalsememories(Loftus,1993;Roediger&McDermott,1995).Oneofthemostusefulbasesforbothaidingaccuratememoryanddistinguishingauthenticmemoriesfromfalsememoriesisencodingcontext(
7、Geiselman,Fisher,Cohen,Holland,&Surtes,1986;Lindsay&Johnson,1989;Smith,1979).Forexample,thecognitiveinterview(Geiselman,Fisher,Firstenberg,Hutton,Sullivan,Avettisan,&Prosk,1984)utilizescontextreinstatementtoaidwitnesses'memoryforreal-worldevents.Importantly,thecogniti
8、veinterviewalsoreducesthenegativeeffectsofmisinformation,presumablyinpartduetocontextreinstatement(Geiselman,etal.,1986).Sim
