管理学基础Chapter 4

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1、Chapter4FoundationsofDecisionMakingIdentificationofaproblemIdentificationofDecisioncriteriaAllocationofWeightstocriteriaDevelopmentofalternativesAnalysisofalternativesSelectionofanalternativeImplementationofThealternativeEvaluationofdecisioneffectivenessDecision-makingprocess-

2、8stepsAnexampleoftheDecision-MakingProcessIdentifyingaProblemIdentifyingDecisionCriteriaAllocatingWeightstoCriteriaIneedtobuyanewcar.PriceInteriorComfortDurabilityRepairRecordPerformancePriceInteriorComfortDurabilityRepairRecordPerformance108642Decision-makingprocess:Carbuying

3、exampleDevelopingAlternativesAnalyzingAlternativesSelectinganAlternativeImplementingtheChoiceTheToyotaisthebest.FordJeepMazdaDodgeAudiIsuzuChevyPriceComfortDurabilityRepairRecordPerformanceToyotaChevyIsuzuAudiDodgeMazdaJeepFordToyotaAppraisingDecisionResultsDecision-makingproc

4、ess:CarbuyingexampleS1-IdentifyaproblemSolvingthewrongproblemperfectlyisnobetterthandonothingfortherightproblemProblemisidentifiedbycomparingthecurrentstatewithsomestandardsthatrepresentadesiredstateofaffairs:Pastperformance,previouslysetgoals,performanceofotherunits/organizat

5、ions…ProblemidentificationissubjectiveinnatureS2-DecisioncriteriaTheyreflectthefactorsthatmanagersthinkimportantinmakingthechoiceTheyarenotequallyimportantAsimpleapproachtodealwithdifferentcriteriaistoassignthemdifferentweightsJudgmentsareinvolvedinselectingcriteriaandassignin

6、gweightsS3,4,5,6-Develop,analyzeandselectalternativesExhibit4.5S7,8-ImplementationandevaluationSelectingthe“best”choicebasedontheanalysisPuttingthedecisionintoactionincludesCommunicatingwiththosetobeaffectedandGainingtheircommitmentofsupportParticipationofdecisionmakingbringse

7、nthusiasmsEvaluationofthedecisionresultisanimportantphaseofdecisionmakingprocessandpartofthecontrollingfunction