decision making 决策相关英文课件.ppt

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1、LectureobjectivesExaminethedecision-makingprocessDiscusscontextualfactorsthatinfluencemanagerialdecisionmakingTypeofproblemanddecisionDecision-makingconditionsDecision-makingapproachWhetherthedecisionisbeingmadebyanindividualoragroupDecisionmaker’spropensityforbi

2、asesandformakingdecisionerrorsDecisionmakingdefinedDecisionmakingistheprocessofchoosingbetweenalternatives.Decisionsaremadeabout:planning,ie:objectivesorganising,ie:allocationofresourcesleading,ie:howtomotivateindividualscontrolling,iehowtomeasureperformanceSteps

3、indecisionmakingIdentificationofaproblemIdentificationofdecisioncriteriaAllocationofweightstocriteriaDevelopmentofalternativesAnalysisofalternativesSelectionofalternativesImplementationofalternativesEvaluationofdecisioneffectivenessIllustratethedecisionmakingproc

4、essbyconsidering:ThedecisiontotraveloutsideTasmaniaonholidayStep1:IdentifyingaProblem.Whatisaproblem?adiscrepancybetweenanexistinganddesiredstateofaffairsWhatconstitutesaproblem?you’reawareofityou’reunderpressuretoactyouhavetheresourcesneededtotakeactionBeCareful

5、:problemmaynotbeobvious;youmaytreatsymptoms;whoseproblemisit?Whatproblemareyousolvingbytravelling?Steps2-4Step2:IdentifyingdecisioncriteriaCriteriarelevantinmakingadecisionStep3:AllocatingweightsWhenthecriteriaidentifiedinStep2doesnotholdequalimportancePrioritise

6、thecriteriaStep4:DevelopingalternativesListcreativealternativesWhatcriteriawillyouusetoselectadestination?Whichcriteriaaremostimportant?Whichcriteriaarelessimportant?Whichdestinationscouldyoutravelto?Step5:AnalyseAlternativesAppraiseagainstthecriteriaestablishedi

7、nStep2IdentifystrengthsandweaknessesAssessmentmaybeobjectiveandsubjectiveAssessmentshouldestablishascoreforeachalternativeagainstestablishedcriteriaandweightingHowwelldoeseachdestinationfityourdecisioncriteriaforaholidaydestination?Steps6-8Step6:Selectinganaltern

8、ativeSelectthealternativethatgeneratedthehighestscoreStep7:ImplementingthealternativePuttingintoactionRe-assesstheenvironmentStep8:Evaluatingdecisioneffectiven