DB43∕T 2328-2022 灵芝代料栽培技术规程(湖南省)

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ICS67.080CCSB3143湖南省地方标准DB43/T2328—2022灵芝代料栽培技术规程Technicalregulationsforthesubstitutecultivationofganodermalingzhi2022-05-06发布2022-08-06实施湖南省市场监督管理局发布

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2DB43/T2328—2022目次前言························································································································Ⅲ1范围·····················································································································12规范性引用文件······································································································13术语和定义············································································································14产地环境···············································································································15菌包制作···············································································································26发菌管理···············································································································27出芝管理···············································································································28病虫害防治············································································································39采收·····················································································································310废弃物处理···········································································································311档案管理··············································································································3附录A（资料性）灵芝代料栽培配方·············································································4附录B（资料性）灵芝代料栽培档案·············································································5附录C（资料性）投入品管理与用工记录表····································································6I

3DB43/T2328—2022II

4DB43/T2328—2022前言本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。本文件由湖南农业标准化技术委员会归口。本文件起草单位：湖南省微生物研究院、湖南湘蕈生物科技有限公司、常德市永春堂生物科技有限公司。本文件主要起草人：许隽、邵晨霞、唐少军、喻桃生、马文杰、任锐、雷平、贺月林、唐冰璇、孙善钦、胡浩、杨祎、马永春。III

5DB43/T2328—2022IV

6DB43/T2328—2022灵芝代料栽培技术规程1范围本文件规定了灵芝代料栽培的术语和定义、产地环境、菌包制作、发菌管理、出芝管理、病虫害防治、采收、废弃物处理、档案管理等技术要求。本文件适用于赤芝立式代料栽培。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。GB4806.7食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品GB5749生活饮用水卫生标准GB9687食品包装用聚乙烯成型品卫生标准GB/T12728食用菌术语GB/T29344灵芝孢子粉采收及加工技术规范NY/T393绿色食品农药使用准则NY/T528食用菌菌种生产技术规程NY/T1731食用菌菌种良好作业规范NY/T2375食用菌生产技术规范3术语和定义GB/T12728界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1灵芝ganodermalingzhi隶属于担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes)、多孔菌目（Polyporales）、灵芝科（Ganodermataceae）、灵芝属（Ganoderma），是一种名贵的药用真菌。4产地环境4.1环境环境条件应符合NY/T2375的规定，生产用水应符合GB5749的规定。4.2设施宜采用有通风条件的厂房、库房、荫棚、塑料大棚等。1

7DB43/T2328—20224.3场地消毒冷却室、培养室和出芝场地的消毒应符合NY/T2375的规定，使用药剂及用量应符合NY/T393的规定。5菌包制作5.1菌种母种、原种和栽培种质量应符合NY/T528和NY/T1731的规定。5.2栽培配方应选择符合安全技术要求的食用菌栽培基质，推荐配方参见附录A。5.3拌料木屑、棉籽壳等主料应提前1d～2d预湿，将预湿的主料与辅料拌匀，含水量60％～65％为宜。5.4装袋按照NY/T2375的规定，将拌匀的栽培料装入规格为18cm×36cm×0.005cm的塑料袋，选用符合GB4806.7要求的聚丙烯塑料袋或符合GB9687要求的聚乙烯塑料袋。5.5灭菌装好的料袋应及时灭菌：a）采用高压灭菌，0.12MPa～0.16MPa，121℃～126℃保持2.5h～3.5h；b）采用常压灭菌，100℃保持10h～12h。灭菌后的料袋转移至洁净的冷却室进行冷却。5.6接种料袋应冷却至30℃以下按无菌操作规程接种。6发菌管理将接完种的料袋转移至培养室，适宜的发菌温度为20℃～28℃，空气相对湿度为60％～65％，保持空气新鲜，避光培养。培养30d～40d待菌丝长满料袋转移至出芝场地。7出芝管理7.1菌袋摆放将装满菌丝的菌袋立式摆放于出芝场地，每袋间隔10cm～20cm。7.2催蕾用消毒的刀片在菌袋顶端割掉塑料膜，形成一个直径1cm～2cm的圆孔，开口后5d～7d可形成白色的瘤状幼蕾，适宜的温度为26℃～30℃，空气相对湿度为90％～95％，光照强度为100lx～10002

8DB43/T2328—2022lx，尽量减小温差，每天通风换气，保持空气新鲜。7.3疏蕾用消毒刀片削去长势弱小、着生位置差的多余幼蕾，削口平整。每个菌袋只留1～2个健壮幼蕾。7.4子实体生长子实体生长期空气相对湿度80％～85％为宜，二氧化碳浓度不宜超过0.06％，不宜随意移动栽培袋的位置。8病虫害防治坚持“预防为主，综合防治”的原则，优先使用农业防治和物理防治，应符合NY/T2375的规定；药剂防治应符合NY/T393的规定。9采收9.1孢子粉收集当弹射孢子粉时开始收集孢子粉，收集应符合GB/T29344的规定。9.2子实体采收从幼蕾形成到子实体成熟通常需要25d～35d，当菌盖不再扩展，边缘白色生长圈消失，木质化加重，菌盖增厚，即可采收子实体。采收前2d～3d停止喷水，用利刀或剪刀从芝柄根部切断。采收的子实体应及时烘干或晒干，密封保存。10废弃物处理废弃物应分类进行无害化处理。11档案管理应建立灵芝生产档案，档案内容应包括但不限于栽培档案（见附录B）、投入品管理和用工记录（见附录C）等，档案应保存3年以上。3

9DB43/T2328—2022附录A（资料性）灵芝代料栽培配方A.1推荐栽培配方1木屑78％、麸皮20％、石膏1％、过磷酸钙1％A.2推荐栽培配方2木屑45％、棉籽壳38％、麸皮15％、石膏1％、过磷酸钙1％4

10DB43/T2328—2022附录B（资料性）灵芝代料栽培档案表1灵芝代料栽培档案表栽培基地名称联系人联系电话地址所属单位名称栽培数量栽培技术情况时间栽培袋规格栽培料配制栽培料配方灭菌条件记录人时间温度接种菌种名称接种量记录人菌袋污染数量温度菌丝培养管理空气相对湿度光照和通气菌袋开口时间温度出芝管理空气相对湿度光照和通气病虫害种类发生时间病虫害防治防治方法孢子粉采收时间产量记录人采收子实体采收时间产量记录人………其他情况记录人：记录时间：5

11DB43/T2328—2022附录C（资料性）投入品管理与用工记录表表2投入品管理与用工记录表物料消耗用工记录人时间工作内容物料名称数量/kg总金额/元工资/天人数总工资/元6