四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中备考模拟英语试卷三 Word版含解析.docx

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2023新高考-外研版-高二上册-成都第七中学-备考期中-模拟试卷3英语试题考试时间：120分钟总分：150分注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读［共两节，满分50分］第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADivewithBigSharksOursharkdiveadventuresmakeuseofhookahsystemsandsharkcages.Ahookahsystemisasystemofprovidingairfromthesurfacetodiversdownbelow.Cagediversbreathebyusingaregulatorconnectedtoanairhose.IsSharkDivingDangerous?Yes.Youcouldgetsunburnt.Youcouldhityourheadonthetopbunkgettingoutofbed.Youcouldfalloverboard.Asforasharkattack,accordingtotheInternationalSharkAttackFile,youarefarmorelikelytobekilledbyadogoradeer.Pricing&DetailsOnedayCageDiverAdventureS875OurexpertsharkdiverteamwillaccompanyyoutothebestviewingareaswithintheMarineSanctuary.There,we'lldropourcageandpreparetoprovideyouwithaviewyou'llneverforget.Nodiveexperienceisnecessary.Ourcagessitjustbelowthesurface.You'llbeabletobreathecomfortablyfromyoursnorkelorairhosewhileyoumoveaboutthecage,takingphotosandhavingfun.TopSharkAdventureS375Ifyouwanttoseegreatwhitesharksbutpreferthemalittlefurtheraway,weoffergreattop-sidesharkviewingfromourobservationdeck.Helpscanthehorizonforfinsandwatchforsharksattackingtheirprey （猎物）.ImportantNoteThere'sNoSharkGuaranteeAlthoughwegotothebestplacesatthebesttimeofyear,wecannotguaranteeyou'llseesharks.We'vebeenverysuccessfulinpastsharkseasonsandexpectanotherincredibleyear.However,ifweseenosharks,thereisnorefund.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthetwoadventures?A.TopSharkAdventuremakesuseofhookahsystems.B.CageDiverAdventureoffersyouaviewofthebottomofthesea.C.CageDiverAdventureislessinterestingthantheother.D.TopSharkAdventureissuitableforthoseworriedaboutdanger.2.Whatismostlikelytohappenaccordingtotheadvertisement?A.youfailtoachieveyourpurposeofthetrip.B.youareoutofbreathdeepdowninthesea.C.youarehurtbyasharkwhiledivingthere,D.yousufferfromlackofskillinsharkdiving.3.Itcanbeinferredfromtheadvertisementthatsharkdivingis________A.difficultbutexcitingB.challengingandtiringC.amazingandenjoyableD.expensivebutpopular【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“和鲨鱼一起潜水”活动的细节，价格和注意事项等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“IsSharkDivingDangerous?”中的“Asforasharkattack,accordingtotheInternationalSharkAttackFile,youarefarmorelikelytobekilledbyadogoradeer.（至于鲨鱼攻击，根据国际鲨鱼攻击文件，你更有可能被狗或鹿杀死。）”由此可知TopSharkAdventure的安全系数很高，适合那些害怕危险的人，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“There'sNoSharkGuarantee”中的“Althoughwegotothebestplacesatthebesttimeofyear,wecannotguaranteeyou'llseesharks.We'vebeenverysuccessfulinpastsharkseasonsandexpectanotherincredibleyear.However,ifweseenosharks,thereisnorefund. （虽然我们在一年中最好的时间去最好的地方，但我们不能保证你会看到鲨鱼。我们在过去的鲨鱼季中取得了巨大的成功，我们期待着另一个不可思议的年份。然而，如果我们没有看到鲨鱼，也没有退款。）”由此可推断，你可能在观看鲨鱼的旅程中看不到鲨鱼，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Pricing&Details”中的“OurexpertsharkdiverteamwillaccompanyyoutothebestviewingareaswithintheMarineSanctuary.There,we'lldropourcageandpreparetoprovideyouwithaviewyou'llneverforget.Nodiveexperienceisnecessary.Ourcagessitjustbelowthesurface.You'llbeabletobreathecomfortablyfromyoursnorkelorairhosewhileyoumoveaboutthecage,takingphotosandhavingfun.（我们的专业鲨鱼潜水队将陪同您到海洋保护区内的最佳观赏区域。在那里，我们会放下笼子，准备为你提供一个让你永生难忘的景观。不需要潜水经验。我们的笼子就在水面下。当你在笼子里走动、拍照和玩耍时，你可以从你的通气管或空气管舒服地呼吸。）”由此可推断这个鲨鱼潜水是神奇而且愉快的。故选C。BWhilewemaythinkitfeelsgoodtocomplain,complaininghassomebadeffectsassociatedwithit.Whyisn’tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwithnegativity.Thebrainisdesignedtoworkefficiently.Thismeansthatwhenwerepeatathought,negativeorpositive,thenervecellsformabridgebetweeneachothertopassinformationatahigherspeed.Therefore,thenexttimewehaveasimilartypeofthought,itismoreeasilypassed.Thisexplainswhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.Yettheharmfuleffectsdon’tstopthere.Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus(海马区)，whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.Inadditiontocausingbraindamage,complainingalsoreleasesastresshormonecortisol,akindofchemicalthebodyproduceswhenwemeetwithsomedangers.Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity(免疫力).Theilleffectsofourcomplainingaren'tjustlimitedtoourselves,theyalsoinvolvethosearoundus.Wetendtomirrorthemoodsofourfriends.Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthavingstubborn(固执的)complainersinourcircleoffriends.Thebestwaytodealwithconstantnegativityistodevelopasenseofgratitude.Justlikecomplainingactsasapoison,gratitudeactsasamedicine.Researchshowsitlowerscortisollevelsby23percent,aswellasreducesbloodpressureandbloodsugar.Italsodecreasestirednessanddepression.Gratitudeistheperfectcureforcomplaining,abehaviorthatstealsourbrainpower,happinessandphysicalwell-being.Whathaveyouobservedabouttheeffectsofcomplaininginyourownlifeorinthelivesofothers?Haveyou noticedthatwhenyouaregrateful,youfeelbetterallover?Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow.4.WhatdoParagraphs2-3mainlytalkabout?A.Thediseasescausedbycomplaining.B.ThedecreaseofavitalpartofourbrainC.Thebadeffectsofcomplainingonbrainpower.D.Thereasonwhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.5.Whatcanweknowaboutcortisolfromthetext?A.Gratitudeisaneffectivecureforcortisol.B.Ourbodyproducescortisolwhenwefeelexcited.C.Cortisolisachemicalthatcancausebraindamage.D.Havingahighlevelofcortisolcanleadtomanyhealthproblems.6.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketostubborncomplainers?A.Grateful.B.Accepting.C.Disapproving.D.Doubtful.7.Wherecanthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamedicalreport.C.Onawebsite.D.Inaradioprogram.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文说明了抱怨带来的一些负面影响以及应对抱怨的措施。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whyisn’tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwithnegativity.(为什么抱怨没有好处？研究表明，它将我们的大脑与消极联系起来。)”以及根据第三段“Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampus(海马区)，whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.(一项研究表明，抱怨会导致海马体变小，而海马体在解决问题中起着至关重要的作用。)”由此可知，第二段和第三段主要在说抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity(免疫力).(持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力低下。)”由此可知，皮质醇水平高会导致许多健康问题。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题，根据倒数第五段“Forthisreason,weshouldbecautiousabouthaving stubborn(固执的)complainersinourcircleoffriends.(出于这个原因，我们应该警惕在我们的朋友圈中有顽固的抱怨者。)”由此判断出，作者对顽固的抱怨者持反对的态度。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow.(请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。)”由此判断出，短文来自于网站。故选C项。COurtinyboatwasploughingthrough(费力穿过)thewavesacrosstheIndianOceanandIwasabsolutelyfreezing.Thefurtherwegotfromtheshelteroftheland,themoreIthoughthowfoolishI'dbeentocomealongonthistrip.Thepilotoftheboatlookedalmost60but,perhapsbecauseofalifetimeontheopenseainthehotsun,wasveryfitandstrong.Iwaswonderinghowhemanagedtofindhisway.Tome,itseemeddifficultenoughtonavigateaboatwithoutanyelectronicequipmentevenonasunnyday.Soatleastweweresafe.Butthiswasnotwhatwehadcomealongfor.Alookattheotherdivers'facessuggestedthatnowtheywerealsodoubtfulthatwe'devergetthechancetoseeawhaleshark—theseweatherconditionsweretotallyunsuitablefordiving!Noneofusspoke.Itseemedtoomuchofaneffort.Thensuddenlytheboatmanstoppedtheengine.Hesaidafewwordsinhisownlanguagetothedivinginstructor,whoimmediatelyjumpedupfromhisseatandtoldustogetreadytodive.WhenIjumpedintothegreysea,IwassureIwouldn'tseeanything.Butthen...thereitwas!Anenormouswhaleshark,slowlyswimmingthroughthewater.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes—myfirstwhaleshark!Ihardlydaredbreathe—Iwasafraidmystreamsofbubbles(气泡) mightscarethehugecreatureaway.Andtheotherdiverswereequallyawed.Slowlyweapproachedthishugeanimal.Itwasswimmingquiteslowlyandwewereabletoswimwithit,lookingatthebeautifulmarkingsonitsback.Iwasstillholdingmybreath,tellingmyselfthatthishugefishwasharmless!ThenIreachedoutandtouchedit,stroking (轻抚)itsthickskin.Itwasamazinghowthisgiantsuddenlygainedspeed—wewatcheditasitswamawayfromus,andafewmomentslateritwasgone.8.WhileridingatinyboatacrosstheIndianOcean,theauthor_____.A.volunteeredtoactasapilotB.feltregretabouthisdecisionC.enjoyedthebeautifulsunshineD.talkedwithotherpeoplehappily9.Theauthorprobablywantedtoknowhowtheboatman_____. A.keptfitinhissparetimeB.spenthislifeontheboatC.navigatedhisboatatseaD.communicatedwithothers10.Whatwasthepurposeoftheauthor'strip?A.Toseeawhaleshark.B.Tolearnhowtodive.C.ToswimtheIndianOcean.D.Tosaveunderwatercreatures.11.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhejumpedintothesea?A.Ratheranxiousandangry.B.Alittlescaredbutexcited.C.Doubtfulanddisappointed.D.Abittiredbutlaterrelaxed.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者第一次看见鲸鱼的经历。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ourtinyboatwasploughingthrough(费力穿过)thewavesacrosstheIndianOceanandIwasabsolutelyfreezing.Thefurtherwegotfromtheshelteroftheland,themoreIthoughthowfoolishI'dbeentocomealongonthistrip.(我们的小船在印度洋上破浪前进，我简直要冻死了。我们离这片避风的土地越远，我就越觉得自己来这趟旅行是多么愚蠢。)”可推知，由于天气不好，作者对他出海看鲸鱼的决定感到后悔。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iwaswonderinghowhemanagedtofindhisway.Tome,itseemeddifficultenoughtonavigateaboatwithoutanyelectronicequipmentevenonasunnyday.(我想知道他是怎么找到路。对我来说，即使是在阳光明媚的日子，没有任何电子设备的情况下驾驶一艘船似乎也很困难。)”可知，作者最想了解这位船夫是如何在海上辨别方向的。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Alookattheotherdivers'facessuggestedthatnowtheywerealsodoubtfulthatwe'devergetthechancetoseeawhaleshark( 看看其他潜水员的脸，他们也怀疑我们是否有机会看到鲸鱼——这种天气条件完全不适合潜水!)”和最后一段作者描述他下水看到鲸鱼的过程可知，作者此行的目的是看鲸鱼。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes—myfirstwhaleshark!(我简直不敢相信我的眼睛——我看到的第一条鲸鱼!)”可知，当看到鲸鱼这个庞然大物突然出现时，作者不敢相信自己的眼睛，有一点兴奋，再根据最后一段中“Iwasstillholdingmybreath,tellingmyselfthatthishugefishwasharmless!(我仍然屏住呼吸，告诉自己这条大鱼是无害的!)”可知作者对这个庞然大物又有点害怕，综上所述可知作者此时又兴奋又害怕。故选B。DDisordersofthebrainareagrowingworry.Twelvemental-healthconditionsaffectabout970millionpeoplearoundtheworldaccordingtotheGlobalBurdenofDiseaseProject:morethanoneintenofthepopulation.Thisfigurecouldwellbeanunderestimate.Neurological(神经学的)problemssuchasstroke,migraine(偏头痛),Parkinson’sandbraininjuryarecollectivelytheleadingglobalsourceofdisability.Ageingpopulationswithunhealthywaysoflifearelikelytomakethisproblemmuchworseeverywhere.Inanidealworld,sciencewouldbecomingtotherescue.Butthebrainisacomplexorgansometimesdescribedasthemostcomplexstructureintheknownuniverse.Aprivatecompanyspentanestimated$43billiononresearchintotherapiesforAlzheimer'sdiseasebetween1998and2017andcameupempty-handed.Thatbigfailureisperhapsthebiggestreasonwhy,inthe2010s,manydrugfirmsabandonedorcutbackonneuroscienceresearch.Happily,therearesignsofachange.InourTechnologyQuarterlythisweekwereportonarenaissanceinneuroscience,withmanydrugcompanies,someofthembigones,showingrenewedinterestinthefield.Thisfreshenergyiscomingfromavarietyoftechniquesandideas.Moreprecisediagnosisandwell-confirmedbiomarkerswhichrevealthecourseofdisease,areimprovingclinicaltrials.Newkindsoftreatmentsuchasgenetherapy,areexpandingtherangeofdiseasesthatcanbetackled.Otheradvancesareanincreasingamountofdata,whichisprovingcriticaltounderstandingthebiologicalrootsofneurologicalproblems.Ashopesrisefortacklingthisfinalfrontierofbio-medicine,itisworthrememberingthatthesecretstoahealthybrainarenotonlygoingtocomefromapillorpsychotherapist'streatments.Thehealthofthebrainisinfluencedbywhatgoesonoutsideitsuchasnutrition,exercise,theabuseofalcohol,education,socialconnectionsandpollution.Noneofthisshouldbesurprising:Thehealthofthebrainistiedtothehealthandthewell-beingofthebodythatitsitsin.Effortstoensurebetterbrainhealthareaninvestmentthatwillkeepbringingadvantagestoindividuals,andtosocieties,fordecadestocome. 12.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinboththefirstandlastparagraphstopreventbraindiseases?A.Lessworry.B.Morefinancialaid.C.Magicmedicine.D.Healthylifestyles.13.Whatcontributetotherenewedinterestinneuroscienceresearch?A.Profitsandfame.B.Advancesintechnology.C.Largerrangeofdiseases.D.Moreclinicaltrials.14.Whatismostlikelytobetheauthor'sjob?A.Ajournaleditor.B.Alibrarian.C.Amedicalstudent.D.Aclinicaldoctor.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Complexbrainhealth.B.Abrand-newresearchtopic.C.Renewedneuroscienceresearch.D.Defeatingbraindisorders.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着科学技术的发展以及新的治疗手段的出现，人们重燃对神经科学领域研究的兴趣。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ageingpopulationswithunhealthywaysoflifearelikelytomakethisproblemmuchworseeverywhere.(人口老龄化和不健康的生活方式可能会使这一问题在世界各地变得更加严重)”以及最后一段“Thehealthofthebrainisinfluencedbywhatgoesonoutsideitsuchasnutrition,exercise,theabuseofalcohol,education,socialconnectionsandpollution.(大脑的健康受到外界因素的影响，比如营养、锻炼、酗酒、教育、社会关系和污染)”可知，健康的生活方式可以预防脑部疾病。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“InourTechnologyQuarterlythisweekwereportonarenaissanceinneuroscience,withmanydrugcompanies,someofthembigones,showingrenewedinterestinthefield.Thisfreshenergyiscomingfromavarietyoftechniquesandideas.(在本周的《科技季刊》中，我们报道了神经科学的复兴，许多制药公司，其中一些是大公司，对该领域表现出了新的兴趣。这种新鲜的能量来自于各种各样的技术和想法)”可知，科技的进步促使人们对神经科学研究重新产生兴趣。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“InourTechnologyQuarterlythisweekwereportonarenaissanceinneuroscience,withmanydrugcompanies,someofthembigones,showingrenewedinterestinthefield.Thisfreshenergyiscomingfromavarietyoftechniquesandideas.( 在本周的《科技季刊》中，我们报道了神经科学的复兴，许多制药公司，其中一些是大公司，对该领域表现出了新的兴趣。这种新鲜的能量来自于各种各样的技术和想法)”可推知，作者的职业很可能是某期刊的编辑。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Happily,therearesignsofachange.InourTechnologyQuarterlythisweekwereportonarenaissanceinneuroscience,withmanydrugcompanies,someofthembigones,showingrenewedinterestinthefield.Thisfreshenergyiscomingfromavarietyoftechniquesandideas.(令人高兴的是，出现了变化的迹象。在本周的《科技季刊》中，我们报道了神经科学的复兴，许多制药公司，其中一些是大公司，对该领域表现出了新的兴趣。这种新鲜的能量来自于各种各样的技术和想法)”并结合文章可知，主要介绍了随着科学技术的发展以及新的治疗手段的出现，人们重燃对神经科学领域研究的兴趣这一现象。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheBritishSenseofHumourTheBritishareknownfortheirsenseofhumor.However,itisoftendifficultforforeignerstomakesenseoftheirjokes.ThemainthingtorememberisthattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.___16___AnotherkeytounderstandingBritishhumoristoknowthattheBritishoftenuseunderstatement.Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.Forexample,ifsomeoneisveryimpoliteandshoutsatanotherperson,someoneelsemightsay,'Sheisn’texactlyfriendly.'Understatementisoftenusedinunpleasantsituationsortomakeanotherpersonlooksilly.___17___TheBritishliketomakefunofmanyotherthings.Theyoftenlaughaboutthesillyandterriblethingsthathappentouseveryday,likewhensomeoneaccidentallyfallsoverinthestreet.Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutpeoplefromdifferentclassesofsociety.___18___Finally,theBritishlovetowatchcomediesaboutpeoplewhodonotknowhowtobehaveinsociety.ThecomedyprogrammeMr.Beanisagoodexampleofthiskindofhumor.___19___Inpictures,healmostnevertalks,andinsteadheuseshisbodymovementandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.PerhapswhatmakesMr.Beansofunnyisthathedoesthingsthatadultsintherealworldcannotdo.Forinstance,onceMr.Beanboughtalargechair.Heneededtotakeithome,butitwastoobigtofitinhissmallcar.Hissolutionwastoputthechairontopofhiscar.___20___Mr.BeanispopularinmanycountriesaroundtheworldbecauseyoudonothavetospeakEnglishtounderstandthehumor.Becauseofthis,manypeoplecanbetterunderstandtheBritishsenseofhumor.A.Britishhumorbringspeoplelaughterandcontent. B.UnderstatementplaysanimportantpartinBritishhumor.C.Then,hesatinthechairandusedabroomtodrivethecar!D.Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutsituationsthatarequiteserious.E.Throughoutthefilm,theaudiencewereamusedbyhisconvincingacting.F.Mr.BeanisthecharactercreatedbyBritishactorRowanAtkinsonin1990.G.Suchjokesarenormallyabouttheiraccents,thewaytheydressandthewaytheybehave.【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.F20.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了英式幽默。【16题详解】前文“itisoftendifficultforforeignerstomakesenseoftheirjokes.ThemainthingtorememberisthattheBritishliketomakefunofthemselvesaswellasothers.”提到了两点，一是提到了外国人不懂英式幽默，二是说到了英国人喜欢开自己和其他人的玩笑。由此推知，设空处应进一步陈述英式幽默的特点。D项“他们也喜欢对相当严肃的情况开玩笑。”符合语境，照应前文。故选D项。【17题详解】根据本段第一句“Understatementmeanssayinglessthanyouthinkorfeel.”（低调陈述意味着说的比你想的或感觉的要少。）可知本段围绕着understatement展开。B项“低调陈述在英式幽默中扮演着重要的角色”符合语境，对应本段的主旨，understatement是关键词。故选B项。【18题详解】根据前文“Theyalsoliketomakejokesaboutpeoplefromdifferentclassesofsociety.”（他们也喜欢拿社会不同阶层的人开玩笑。）可知，英国人喜欢开不同阶层的人的玩笑。由此推知，设空处可能陈述他们可能在哪些方面开玩笑。G项“这样的笑话通常是关于他们的口音，穿衣方式和行为方式”符合语境。故选G项。【19题详解】根据上一段末尾“ThecomedyprogrammeMr.Beanisagoodexampleofthiskindofhumor.”（喜剧节目《憨豆先生》就是这种幽默的一个很好的例子。）和下文“Inpictures,healmostnevertalks,andinsteadheuseshisbodymovementandfacialexpressionstomakepeoplelaugh.”（在电影里，他几乎没有语言，相反他用他的肢体动作和面部表情让人们笑。）可推知，设空处应承接上文，进一步介绍“憨豆先生”。F项“憨豆先生是英国演员罗温·阿特金森在1990年创造的角色。”符合语境，下文的he就是指代选项中的Mr.Bean。故选F项。【20题详解】 根据前文“Forinstance,onceMr.Beanboughtalargechair.Heneededtotakeithome,butitwastoobigtofitinhissmallcar.Hissolutionwastoputthechairontopofhiscar.”（例如，有一次憨豆先生买了一把很大的椅子。他需要把它搬回家，但椅子太大了，以至于车里装不下。他的解决办法是把椅子放在车顶上。）可推知，设空处应陈述憨豆先生下一步怎么做。C项“然后，他坐在椅子上，用扫帚开车!”符合语境，继续说明憨豆先生怎么处理椅子和开车。故选C项。第二部分语言运用［共两节，满分30分］第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthebackofmycloset,thereisasmallcardboardchestthathasfollowedmetoeveryoneofmynewaddresses.Untilnow,theonly____21____contentsinitarethreewrapped____22____markedinmymother’stidyhandwriting:“Engagement”,“Wedding”and“FirstBaby”.WhenIwasthree,mymotherlearnedthatshehadadvancedbreastcancer.WhenIwasseven,shehadbegun____23____agiftboxforme.Inside,shepackedpresentsandlettersforthe____24____ofmylifeshewasgoingtobemissing—driver’slicense,graduation,andeverybirthdayuntiltheageof30.Mymotherdiedtendaysbeforeour____25____birthday.Thatmorning,whenIturned12andshewouldhaveturned49,Iwokeupearlyandopenedthepackage____26____“12thBirthday”.Awhitecardcurlingaroundthepresent____27____:“Ialways____28____abirthstoneringwhenIwasalittlegirl.YourGrannyfinallyboughtmeoneandIloveditmorethanIcansay.Ihopeyoulikeit,too.”Iputontheringand____29____herwritingwithmyfingertip.Onthemorningofmyhighschoolgraduation,a_____30_____ofpearlsappearedasIopenedthewrappedpresent.Hernoteread:“Thereseemedtobea_____31_____inmyfamilythatwhengirlsgraduatedfromhighschool,theyreceivedpearls.”IworethepearlsthatafternoonasItookthestagetoacceptmydiploma.Yearafteryear,mymother_____32_____forwardintimetomeetme.WhenIwasachild,openingthenextpackagefeltlikeatreasure_____33_____.AsIgrewolder,hermessagemetmelikeguidepostsinadarkforest.Ifherwordscouldn’tpointtheway,atleasttheyofferedthe_____34_____ofknowingthatsomeonehadbeentherebeforeandthatIhavebeen_____35_____,wildlyloved.21.A.followingB.remainingC.entireD.full22.A.plasticsB.productsC.piecesD.presents23.A.workingB.preparingC.writingD.receiving24.A.milestonesB.majorsC.purposesD.centers25.A.individualB.usualC.sharedD.national 26.A.markedB.celebratedC.createdD.made27.A.readB.soundedC.foundD.signed28.A.calledforB.stoodforC.paidforD.longedfor29.A.tackledB.tracedC.revealedD.confirmed30.A.listB.stringC.matterD.variety31.A.memberB.problemC.impressionD.tradition32.A.putB.lookedC.traveledD.stepped33.A.houseB.boxC.mapD.hunt34.A.propertyB.sorrowC.comfortD.value35.A.deeplyB.temporarilyC.unfortunatelyD.simply【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.A27.A28.D29.B30.B31.D32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈得了乳腺癌，为了不错过作者人生中具有里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈在作者7岁的时候就为她准备礼盒。虽然妈妈不在了，但作者依然能感到母亲对她的爱。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，里面尚存着三个包装好的礼物，上面用我母亲整洁的笔迹写着：“订婚”、“婚礼”和“第一个孩子”。A.following下列的；B.remaining尚存的；C.entire全部的，整个的；D.full满的。根据句中“threewrapped　2　markedinmymother’stidyhandwriting:‘Engagement’,‘Wedding’and‘FirstBaby’”可推知，现在只剩三个尚未打开的礼物了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.plastics塑料；B.products产品；C.pieces片，条；D.presents礼物。根据下文“Inside,shepackedpresentsandlettersforthe__4__ofmylifeshewasgoingtobemissing—driver’slicense,graduation,andeverybirthdayuntiltheageof30.”可知这是妈妈送的礼物，presents原词重现。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我七岁的时候，她开始为我准备一个礼盒。A.working工作；B.preparing准备；C.writing写；D.receiving接受。根据上文“WhenIwasthree,mymotherlearnedthatshehadadvancedbreastcancer.”可知妈妈得了严重的癌症，所以提前为作者准备礼物。preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物，故选B。【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在里面，她包了一些礼物和信件，这些是她将错过的我人生中的里程碑——驾照、毕业、直到三十岁的每一次生日。A.milestones里程碑；B.majors专业；C.purposes目的；D.centers中心。根据下文“driver’slicense,graduation,andeverybirthdayuntiltheageof30.”可知，这些事件都是我人生中的里程碑。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲在我们共同生日的前十天去世了。A.individual个人的；B.usual通常的；C.shared共同的，共享的；D.national国家的。根据下文“Thatmorning,whenIturned12andshewouldhaveturned49”可知，作者和妈妈是同一天生日，那天是我们共同的生日。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，当我满12岁的时候，她已经49岁了，我很早就醒了，打开了标有12岁生日的包裹。A.marked标明，标示；B.celebrated庆祝；C.created创造；D.made制作。根据上文“Untilnow,theonly____1____contentsinitarethreewrapped____2____markedinmymother’stidyhandwriting:‘Engagement’,‘Wedding’and‘FirstBaby’.”可知，12岁生日礼物上也作了标记，mark原词重现。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一张缠绕在卡片周围的白色卡片上写着：“当我还是个小女孩的时候，我一直渴望着一枚诞生石戒指。你奶奶终于给我买了一件，我非常喜欢，希望你也喜欢。”A.read写着；B.sounded听起来；C.found找到；D.signed签署。根据下文“Ialways____8___abirthstoneringwhenIwasalittlegirl.YourGrannyfinallyboughtmeoneandIloveditmorethanIcansay.Ihopeyoulikeit,too.”可知，此处指卡片上写的内容。以及下文“Hernoteread:‘Thereseemedtobea___11___inmyfamilythatwhengirlsgraduatedfromhighschool,theyreceivedpearls’”中也有原词重现read，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直渴望着一枚出生石戒指。A.calledfor需要；B.stoodfor代表；C.paidfor支付；D.longedfor渴望。根据下文“YourGrannyfinallyboughtmeoneandIloveditmorethanIcansay.”可知，妈妈渴望有一枚出生石戒指，空处意为“渴望”。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我戴上戒指，用指尖描出她的字迹。A.tackled果断处理，高效解决；B.traced描绘；C.revealed透露，泄露；D.confirmed确认，证实。根据下文“withmyfingertip”可知，此处意为“用指尖描出她的字迹”。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我高中毕业的那天早上，当我打开包装好的礼物时，一串珍珠链出现了。 A.list清单；B.string串；C.matter事情；D.variety品种。结合常识可知，珍珠是串起来的，astringofpearls意为“一串珍珠”。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的便条上写道：“我们家似乎有一个传统，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠。”A.member成员；B.problem问题；C.impression印象；D.tradition传统。根据下文“whengirlsgraduatedfromhighschool,theyreceivedpearls.”可知，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠，这是一个家族传统。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，母亲都溯时间之流而上与我相见。A.put放，摆；B.looked看；C.traveled旅行；D.stepped迈步。虽然妈妈去世多年，但是通过给作者准备礼物，不错过作者生命中里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈一直随时间旅行陪伴作者，所以，此处应使用动词traveled意为“溯时间之流”，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，打开下一个包裹就像在寻宝。A.house房子；B.box盒子；C.map地图；D.hunt搜寻。根据上文“WhenIwasachild,openingthenextpackagefeltlike”可知对于小孩子来说拆开礼物就像是探险一样，atreasurehunt意为“寻宝”。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她的话不能指明方向，至少它们能给我带来安慰，让我知道曾经有人在那里，我深深地、疯狂地被爱着。A.property所有物，财产；B.sorrow悲伤；C.comfort安慰；D.value价值。根据下文“someonehadbeentherebeforeandthatIhavebeen___15__,wildlyloved.”可知妈妈的爱一直陪伴着作者，爱能给作者带来安慰，此处意为“安慰”。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.deeply深深地；B.temporarily临时地，暂时地；C.unfortunately不幸地；D.simply只不过，仅仅。根据上文“WhenIwasseven,shehadbegun___3__agiftboxforme.Inside,shepackedpresentsandlettersforthe__4___ofmylifeshewasgoingtobemissing—driver’slicense,graduation,andeverybirthdayuntiltheageof30.”可知妈妈一直深深地爱着作者。空处与wildly(疯狂地)构成并列关系，修饰动词loved，表示是“深深地(被爱着)”。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereisagrowingjunkyardinspace.Low-Earthorbit,____36____isanarrowbandofspacerelativelyclosetotheEarth'ssurface,is____37____(crowd)withthousandsoftonsofspacedebris(碎片). Asatelliteservicescompany,Astroscale,hasdevelopedatwo-satellitemission____38____(aim)toremovetheseobjects.Itconsistsofa“servicer”satellitedesignedto____39____(safe)removedebrisfromorbitanda“client”satellitetosimulate(模拟)apieceoforbitaldebris.Thesatellites____40____(send)intospaceonMarch22andarenowcirclinginEarthorbit.Overthenextfewmonths,thetwosatelliteswillseparate____41____eachotherandthenjoininagameoforbitalcatandmouse.In____42____seriesoftests,theservicersatellitewilltry____43____(meet)withtheclientspacecraft,dock(对接)withtheobjectandthenreleaseit.“Eventhoughspaceisbig,theusableorbitswherewekeepoursatellitesarequitesmall.Havingfarhigherdensityofobjectsintheseverynarrow____44____(region)ofspacewillleadtomorecrashesovertime.”AaronRosengren,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,toldNBCNews.Sowebelieveonedayinthefuturewhenwelookupatthestarshighabove,thesatellites_____45_____(perform)thetasktoremovethedebrisoverourheads.【答案】36.which37.crowded38.aiming39.safely40.weresent41.from42.a43.tomeet44.regions45.willbeperforming【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。太空垃圾已经成为一个日益严重的问题，一个名叫Atrscale的卫星服务公司发射了轨道碎片清理卫星的示范星，通过一连串的验证试验旨在从轨道上清除碎片物体。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：近地轨道是一个相对接近地球表面的狭窄空间带，挤满了数千吨的太空碎片。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Low-Fathorbit（近地轨道），指物，在后面定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。Is为系动词，后面需加形容词。动词crowd意为“挤满”，形容词crowded意为“拥挤的”。becrowdedwith“拥挤；塞满；充满”。故填crowded。【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：卫星服务公司Astroscale开发了一项两颗卫星的任务，旨在移除这些物体。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词mission，aim和mission为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填aiming。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：它由一颗“服务”卫星和一颗“客户”卫星组成，前者用于安全清除轨道上的碎片，后者用于模拟轨道碎片。修饰动词remove，需用副词作状语。故填safely。【40题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这两颗卫星于3月22日发射升空，目前正在地球轨道上运行。本句主语为Thesatellites，谓语动词用复数，与send为被动关系根据后面March22和句意可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填weresent。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：在接下来的几个月里，这两颗卫星将彼此分离，然后加入一个轨道猫鼠游戏。separatefrom意为“分离；把……和……分开”。故填from。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：在一系列测试中，服务卫星将尝试与客户航天器对接，与目标对接，然后释放目标。aseriesof是固定短语，表示“一系列的”。故填a。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定解雇trytodosth.“努力去做某事”。故填tomeet。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：在这些非常狭窄的空间区域拥有更高密度的物体，随着时间的推移，将导致更多的碰撞。根据前面的指示代词these可知此处用名词的复数形式。故填regions。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：所以我们相信，在未来的某一天，当我们仰望星空时，卫星将正在执行清除我们头顶上碎片的任务。结合语境表示“将来某个时间点正在进行的动作”应该用将来进行时。故填willbeperforming。第三部分写作［共两节，满分40分］第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter暑假要来中国旅游并在北京停留一天。有两条游览路线让他犹豫不决：1)长城一日游；2)天安门广场、故宫一日游。Peter想征询你的意见。请你给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：①表示欢迎;②推荐路线；③推荐理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearPeterWelcometoBeijing!Aboutthetwochoices,I'dliketorecommendthefirstone—theGreatWall.Severalreasonsaccountforthischoice.Justasthesayinggoes,hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisn’tatrueman.AsoneoftheiconicsymbolsofChina,theGreatWallhasbeenregardedasamust-seeattraction,thusyoushouldgothere.I'msureyou'llhaveagoodtime.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,justaskme.YoursLiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给来北京旅游的美国笔友Peter写一封电子邮件，向他推荐两条旅游线路中的一条：1)长城一日游；2)天安门广场、故宫一日游。【详解】1.词汇积累选择：choice→option被视为：beregardedas→beconsideredas一些：several→some玩得高兴：haveagoodtime→havefun2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：AsoneoftheiconicsymbolsofChina,theGreatWallhasbeenregardedasamust-seeattraction,thusyoushouldgothere.拓展句：YoushouldgotherebecauseasoneoftheiconicsymbolsofChina,theGreatWallhasbeenregardedasamust-seeattraction.【点睛】[高分句型1]Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,justaskme.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)[高分句型2]I'msureyou'llhaveagoodtime.(运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Nupurwalkedalongtheroadwithasadlookonherface.TomorrowwasherfriendNeeta’sbirthdaybutshedidnothaveanythingnicetoweartotheparty.Herfather’ssmallfactoryhadcloseddownandtherewashardlyanymoneyleftathometobuyanewdress.Nupurdecidedtowearanolddressthathadbeenherfavouriteformanyyearsbutwasalittletooshortforhernow.“Iwillaskthetailortolengthenit”Nupursaidtoherself.Thetailorhoweverrefusedtodoso.“Idon’ttakesuchworkrightnowsincetheordershavestartedpouringinandmyhandsarefull.”Nupurleftholdingthebagwiththedressinitandthought,“WhatamItodo?”Suddenlyshesawaladygetoutofthecarandwalktowardsthebank.Theladyopenedherhandbagtotakeoutsomepapersbutherwalletfelltotheground.Unawareofit,theladywentintothebank.Nupurranandpickedupthewallet.Thereweresomanypeopleinthebankthatshedecidedtowaitonthesteps.Afteralongtimetheladycameout.Nupurhandedherthewalletthatshehaddropped.Theladycouldnotbelieveit.Thelittlegirlhadbeenwaitingforherforsolong,justtogivebackthewallet.Theladylookedatthecontentsandeverythingwasjustthewayshehadleftit.Shelookedatthegirl’soldanddirtyclothes.“Whatisyournameandwhereareyougoing?CanIdropyouhome?”Theladyasked.Nupurtoldtheladythatshewasgoinghome.Shealsosaidthatshehadbeentothetailortogetadresstailoredtowearforherfriend’sbirthdaypartybutthetailorhadrefusedtodosoandthatherfatherwasjobless.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theladylookedatthedresswithvisibledirtyspots.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Intheevening,Nupurwenttothelady’shometogetherolddressback. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Theladylookedatthedresswithvisibledirtyspots.Shewasoncetheownerofastorethatmadeclothesforchildren.“MaybeIcoulddothat.Wouldyouliketoletmetry?”theladysmiledandsaid.Nupurnodded,pleasantlysurprised.Thenshepausedandsaid,“Haveyouthoughtofapresenttogivetoyourfriend?”“Why,yes!”Nupuransweredenthusiastically.“Myunclegavemeanewboxofcoloredpencils.I’llgivethattomyfriend.”“Great!Comeoverintheeveningandcollectyourdress.”TheladytoldNupurheraddressandleft.Paragraph2:Intheevening,Nupurwenttothelady’shometogetherolddressback.Shewasspeechlesstoseeitlookedsoimpressive.Theladyusedlacetolengthenthedress.Thecollarandsleeveshadbeenaddeddecorationstoaswell.TheladyalsomadeabagasabirthdaygiftforNupur’sfriend.Nupurwasoverjoyedbutthenbecamenervous,sinceshethoughtsheonlyhadlittlepocketmoney.“HowmuchshouldIpayforthem,madam?”“Oh,dear,”theladylaughed,“they’reatinygiftIthinksuchanhonestgirltotallydeserves.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章以人物为线索，描述了女主人公Nupur去找裁缝帮自己改衣服，遭到拒绝后，在银行门口捡到一位女士的钱包，一直在门口等着这位女士出来并把钱包还给她的故事。【详解】1.段落续写由第一段首句内容“这位女士看着裙子上明显的脏点。”可知，本段可描写女士看到Nupur身上的脏衣服后，决定帮助她改衣服。由第二段首句内容“晚上，Nupur去这位女士家里把她的旧衣服拿回来。”可知，本段可描写Nupur把衣服的过程。2.续写线索：看到脏衣服——提出帮忙——约定拿衣服——拿到衣服后的反应3.词汇激活行类拿走、领取：collect/getback/takeaway离开：leave/goaway情绪类惊讶的、惊喜的：surprised/astonished无语的、说不出话的：speechless/wordless 紧张的：nervous/tense/strained【点睛】【高分句型1】Shewasoncetheownerofastorethatmadeclothesforchildren.(运用了that引导的定语从句)