m1 u2 grammar and usage

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1、GrammarandusageAttributiveClauseHarryPotteraboywithglassesaboywhoisbraveandwearingglassesabraveboyAttribute/定语1概念Definition：定语从句*在复合句中，用来修饰某一个名词/代词的从句YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.*被修饰的这个名词或代词,叫做先行词*定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面*关系代词/关系副词:作用连接先行词和定语从句在定语从句中充当成分*关系代词：在从句中，做主语或宾语（v.的宾语/介词的宾语）*who/whom人,which物,th

2、at人/物,whose人/物，(所有格+n.)***InAttributiveClause,no“what”,no“how”.e.g:Twoboysaresittingatthebackoftheclassroom.Theyareteachers.Theboyswhoaresittingatthebackoftheclassroomareteachers.注意：*在汉语中，定语再长也可以放在n.之前，但在英语中，通常adj.放在n.前（abeautifulroom)，而定语从句则放在n.即先行词之后。*做定语从句时，必须先把主句确定下来。e.g:YesterdayIsawaboy.

3、HewashavingKFChappily.IsawtheboywhowashavingKFChappily.先行词关系代词，做主语Q：Canweuse“whom”here?e.g:Thepersonwho/whomI’mlookingforisaboy.关系代词，作for的宾语*在指代人的情况下，关系代词在从句中做宾语时，即可用who也可用whom.而做主语时，则只用who如果指代物,则用which,从句中可做主语/宾语:Wearesittinginaclassroomwhichisverybig.Thefishwhichweboughtwasnotfresh.whose所有格“

4、----的”，可指代人/物的先行词，但其后肯定要加一个n.,做定语Isawastudent.Hishandwritingisterrible.Isawastudentwhosehandwritingwasterrible.*Isawabookwhosecoverwasdirty.注意点：*关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单复数由先行词决定。ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.*大部分情况下，可用that代替which/who/whom,指代人或物，而且在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略eg:Shelivedin

5、thehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymyfather.Shewasateacherwho/thattaughtusEnglish.Thestudent(whom/that)wesawjustnowisthebeststudentinourschool.*关系代词在做从句主语时，不可以省去；而如果做从句的宾语，则可以省去。关系代词that指代人/物，在从句中做主/宾语which指代物，在从句中做主/宾语who指代人，在从句中做主/宾语whom代人，在从句中做宾语whose指代人，在从句中做定语，后跟名词AntecedentSubjectObjectPossessi

6、veNotepersonsArelativepronouncanbeomittedwhenitisusedastheobjectinanattributiveclausethingsRelativepronounsusedinattributiveclauseswho/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhich/thatwhich/thatwhose/ofwhichthat/which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Footballisagame(that/whichislikedbymostboys).Thepen(that/whichhebought)ismade

7、inChina.who/that指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theboys(who/thatareplayingfootball)arefromclass3.Mr.Liistheperson(who/thatyoutalkedaboutonthebus).关系代词用法：whom指人,作宾语(可省略)，比who作宾语更正式Theman(whomyoumetjustnow)ismyfriend.whose指人或物,作定语(不可省略)Hehasafriend.Thef