资源描述：
《个体激励和组织激励-外文翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文：IndividualandorganizationincentivesIndividualincentivesystemsattempttorelateindividualefforttopay.Conditionsnecessaryfortheuseofindividualincentiveplansareasfollows:*Identificationofindividualperformance:Theperformanceofeachindividualcanbemeasuredandidentifiedb
2、ecauseeachemployeehasjobresponsibilitiesandtasksthatcanbecategorizedfromthoseofotheremployees.*Independentwork:Individualcontributionsresultfromindependentworkandeffortgivenbyindividualemployers.*Individualcompetitivenessdesired:Becauseindividualsgenerallywillpursueth
3、eindividualincentivesforthemselves,competitionamongemployeeswilloccur.Therefore,independentcompetitionwherebysomeindividuals“win”andothersdonotmustbedesired.*Individualismstressedinorganizationalculture:Thecultureoftheorganizationmustbeonethatemphasizesindividualgrowt
4、h,achievements,andrewards.IfanorganizationemphasizesteamworkSpecialIncentivePrograms:Therearenumerousspecialincentiveprogramsthatprovideawardstoindividuals.Theseprogramscantakevariousforms,rangingfromone-timecontestsformeetingperformancetargetstorewardsforperformanceo
5、vertime.Forinstance,safe-drivingawardsaregivenfortruckdriverswhohavenoaccidentsorviolationsduringayear.Althoughspecialprogramsalsocanbedevelopedforgroupsandforentireorganizations,theseprogramsoftenfocusonrewardingonlyhighperformingindividuals.Incentiveprogramawards:Ca
6、shmerchandise,giftcertificates,andtravelarethemostfrequentlyusedrewards,asFigure14—5shows.Cashisstillhighlyvaluedbymanyemployeesbecausetheyhavediscretiononhowtospendit;however,travelawards,particularlythosetopopulardestinationssuchasDisneyWorld,LasVegas,Hawaii,andinte
7、rnationallocations,appealtomanyemployees.Inonestudy,GoodyearTire&RubberCompanyconductedanexperimentinwhichsomeemployeesreceivedcashandanothersetofemployeesreceivedmerchandiseandothernon-cashrewards.Theemployeesreceivingthenon-cashincentivesout-performedthosereceivingo
8、nlycashby46%.Thestudyconcludedthatmanyemployeeslikethecontinuing“trophy”valueofmerchandiseratherthantheshort-termusageofcash
