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Unit1SchoolLifeGrammarUsage---AttributiveClause(定语从句) HarryPotterHeisaboywithglasses.Heisaboywhoisbraveandwearingglasses.Heisabraveboy.Attributive定语(tomodifyanoun修饰名词)AdjectivePrepositionalphraseAttributiveclauseHarryPotterisabraveboy.Heiswearingglasses.who————————————————————————————————— SpiderManSpidermanisahero.Spidermansavespeople’slives.Spidermanisahero.Hesavespeople’slives.who+=Attributiveclause定语从句—————————————————— Whoareyou?Whoareyou?Whoareyou?Whoareyou?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions. Iamamagician(魔法师).Amagiciancanentertain(取悦)peoplebydoingmagictricks.+=Iamamagician.Icanentertainpeoplebydoingmagictricks.who Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions. Iamholdingamagicwand.Amagicwandcanhelpmeperformtricks.+=Iamholdingamagicwand.Itcanhelpmeperformtricks.which/that Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions. IliveinHogwartsSchool(霍格沃兹魔法学校).InHogwartsSchoolIstudymagictricksandlearntobeaskillfulmagician.+=IliveinHogwartsSchool.InitIstudymagictricksandlearntobeaskillfulmagician.where Whenwereyouborn?Whenwereyouborn?Whenwereyouborn?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions.Whenwereyouborn? ItwasJuly31st1980.OnJuly31st1980,Icametothisworldasanewlife.+=ItwasJuly31st1980.OnthisdayIcametothisworldasanewlife.when Amagicianisapersonwhoentertainspeoplewithmagictricks.2.Amagicwandisarod(棍子)that/whichcanhelpmagiciansperformtricks.3.HogwartsSchoolisaplacewherestudentscanstudymagicandlearntobeagoodperson.4.31stJuly1980wasthedaywhenHarryPotterwasborn.antecedent先行词relativepronoun关系代词relativeadverb关系副词antecedent先行词 1.定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。3.关系代词关系副词：引导定语从句的词。关系代词关系副词which,that,who,whom,whose等where,why,when在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语在定语从句中作状语RelativepronounsRelativeadverbsAttributiveclauses Now,readthepointsandexamplesonPage8,andthinkabout:Nounscanbemodifiedby_____,______,and______.Payattentiontotheirdifferentpositions.2.ReadPoint2,andfindoutwhatisthefunctionofthewordsinblueineachsentence?Attributiveclauses ReadthearticleonP9andunderlinetheattributiveclausesinit.课本练习 Paragraph1：1.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.Theantecedent:Therelativepronoun:Function:2.In2004,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehebecameinterestedinChineseculture.Theantecedent:Therelativeadverb:Function:oneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatastheobjectintheclauseOxfordUniversityastheadverbial(状语)intheclausewhere Paragraph2:3.SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.4.Mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.(Theantecedent:someofthecitiestherelativepronoun:which,usedastheobjectintheclause)(Theantecedent:mostofthestudentstherelativepronoun:whom,usedastheobjectintheclause) Paragraph3：5.SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.(Theantecedent:giftstherelativepronoun:that,usedastheobjectintheclause)6.ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.(Theantecedent:thepaintingstherelativepronoun:that,usedastheobjectintheclause) 指代内容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法Usageofrelativepronouns人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.3)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4)Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall. 2.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?2)Theperson(that/whom)youintroducedtomeisverykind.3)Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.4)YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia. 3.who指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.4.whom指人，作宾语(作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li. 5.whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow? Ilikethebabywho/that/whose…gnaw(咬,啃)hisfingersgrovel(趴)onthegroundWhichbabydoyoulikebest? Whichisyourfavoritemonkey? Completethefollowingarticle(Page11)abouthighschoolsintheUSAusingwho,whom,whichorwhose.课本练习 ThereareseveraldifferencesbetweenhighschoolsintheUSAandhighschoolsinChina.Foronething,students____studyintheUSAareinclassonlyabouttwentyhoursperweek.Therestofthetime_____theyspendatschoolisusedforindependentstudy.Withsomuchfreetime,students____donotmakegooduseoftheirtimemaynotpasstheirexams.Students__________theteachersfailmaywhowhichwhowhom/who havetotaketheclassesagain.Foranotherthing,manycoursesareclasses_____thestudentscanstudyjustforfun,but_____theydonothavetotake.Finally,studentscanoftenchoosetheirclassesandclasstimes.Somecoursesarerequired,butthestudentscanstilldecidetheteacher____classtheywishtotake.Theycanchoosetotaketheclassofateacher__________theylikeorrespect.whichwhichwhosewhom/who that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。(1)限制性定语从句中先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld. (2)Therebe句型中用that。There is abookon the deskthatbelongs to Tom.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.Thisisthefirsttime(that)IaminBeijing. (4)先行词是who或which引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbe punished?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere? (5)当先行词既有人又有物。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool.Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.(6)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thelast,just,right等修饰。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim. TimeforreflectionThinkaboutthefunctionofattributiveclauses.2.Telltheusageofthat,which,who,whom,andwhose.3.Tellthedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”. Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(2010全国)A. who B. thatC. as D. whatQuizI:Multiplechoice.1.2.Isthisbook___ youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?that B.whichC.theoneD./ Women____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose____don’t. A.who;不填B.who;不填C.who;who D.不填;不填3.4.Hewastheone____Imetattheschoollibrary.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.that 5.Theoldtemple___roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.(2010陕西)A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose6.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor___dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that 7.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool___ImetintheEnglishspeechlastyear.(2010湖南) A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which8.That’sthenewmachine___partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山东)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what QuizII:Translation.1.昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。2.他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。3.刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。ThefilmthatIsawyesterdayisverymoving.Helostthewatchthat/whichhisfathergavehim.Themanwhotalkedwithyoujustnowisourprincipal. 4.我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。5.我们最需要的东西是时间。6.我最喜欢的学科是英语。Thebookwhich/thatIpickedupistheonethatXiaoWanglost.Thethingthatweneedbadlyistime.Thesubjectthat/whichIlikebestisEnglish. 7.站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。8.你知道那个马尾辫(ponytail)长长的女孩吗？我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们做的讲座。Themanwhoisstandingattheschoolgateisourteacher.Doyouknowthegirlwhoseponytailislong?Iwillneverforgetthelecturethattheprofessorgaveuslastweek. 10.我丢了那本红封面的书。Ilostthebook___________________.11.你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的名字吗？Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory________________________________?12.他就是我正在找的人。Heistheman___________________________________________.whosecoverisred(which/that)youvisitedlastweek(who/whom/that)Iamlookingfor 13.我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。Theletter_______________________________wasfrommyaunt.14.在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。Duringtheyears_________________,theyworkedveryhard.15.那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。Theboy_________________________________________isourmonitor.(which/that)IreceivedthatfollowedwhosenameisPeter/whoisnamedPeteryesterday PreviewTopreviewTaskonPage12aboutreportingschoolactivities:Skillsbuilding1:understandingaprogrammeSkillsbuilding2:comparinginformationSkillsbuilding3:writinganotice Reviewthegrammar.DotheexerciseBonPage11.Homework Thankyou!
