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1、TheComparisonandResearchaboutChineseandWesternFoodCultures1.IntroductionFood,asessentialprerequisiteforexistence,isanysubstancethatprovidesthenutrientsnecessarytomaintainlifeandgrowthwheningested(Pamela&Kathryn,1998:2).Itplaysanirreplaceableroleinthedeve
2、lopmentofsocietyandintheprogressofhumanbeings,whetherinancienttimeswhenprimitivemanatetherawfleshofbirdsandbeastsorinmoderntimeswhenhumanshaveenteredtheneweraofinformation,andwhetherinEastorinWest.TherearegreatdisparitiesbetweenChinaandWesterncountriesin
3、etiquetteandcontentoffoodcultures,sothecomparativestudyofChinese&Westernfoodcultureswillhelpusincreasecross-culturalawarenessthattolerating,understanding,andfurthermore,appreciatingandrespectingculturaldifferenceisessentialifwearetoachievecross-culturalc
4、ompetenceduringtheinteraction.Moreover,aswecommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcultures,wewilllearnmoreaboutthemandtheirwayoflife,includingtheirhistory,valuesandthesubstanceoftheirpersonality,andeventually,wewillunderstandthembetter,orfeelempathywiththem.B
5、asedontheabove-mentionedpurposes,theauthorofthisthesishopesthisresearch,tosomeextent,beofsignificanceboththeoreticallyandpractically.2.TheoreticalFoundations2.1DefiningcultureWhatisculture?Howtodefineit?Cultureisasystemofsharedbenefits,values,customs,beh
6、aviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofasocietyusewiththeirworldandwithoneanother,andthataretransmittedfromgenerationthroughlearning(LongmanDictionary,2002:535)Wedefinecultureasthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,meanings,hierar
7、chies,religion,notionsoftime,role,spatialrelations,conceptsofuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving(Samovaretal,2000:36).#2.2ConfiningfoodcultureFoodcultureobviouslybelongstopopularcultureth
8、atisovert,explicitandobjective.Actually,tillnow,nobodyhasevermadeawidelyrecognizeddefinitionbecauseofvariousreasons.However,here,asfarasthisresearchisconcerned,inordertomakethecomparisonmoreconcreteandpractical,theauthorco
