中考语文古诗词默写专题复习

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~中考语文古诗词默写专题复习  一、记忆性默写，在横线上写出课文原句。    1.水何澹澹，__________________。树木丛生，___________________。________________，洪波涌起。（曹操《观沧海》）    2.此中有真意，____________________。（陶渊明《饮酒》）    3.____________________，儿女共沾巾。（王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》）    4.____________________，风正一帆悬。（王湾《次北固山下》）    5.____________________，归雁入胡天。（王维《使至塞上》）    6.___________________________，闻道龙标过五溪。（李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此感》）    7.闲来垂钓碧溪上，_________________________。（李白《行路难》）    8.造化钟神秀，_________________。（杜甫《望岳》）    9.____________________，恨别鸟惊心。（杜甫《春望》）    10.白头搔更短，________________。（同上）    11.自经丧乱少睡眠，______________________！（杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》）    12.______________________，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！（同上）    13.散入珠帘湿罗幕，_______________________。（岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》）    14.________________________，都护铁衣冷难着。（同上）    15.天街小雨润如酥，_______________________。（韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》）    16.怀旧空吟闻笛赋，_______________________。（刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》）    17.夜来南风起，_____________________。（白居易《观刈麦》）  ~~~ ~  18.____________________，童稚携壶浆。（同上）    19.最爱湖东行不足，_____________________。（白居易《钱塘湖春行》）    20.__________________________，自将磨洗认前朝。（杜牧《赤壁》）    21.__________________________，夜泊秦淮近酒家。（杜牧《泊秦淮》）    22.君问归期未有期，______________________。（李商隐《夜雨寄北》）    23.逢山此去无多路，______________________。（李商隐《无题》）    24.无言独上西楼，__________________。_________________。（李煜《相见欢》）    25._____________________，衡阳雁去无留意，___________________。（范仲淹《渔家傲》）    26._____________________，去年天气旧亭台。（晏殊《浣溪沙》）    27._____________________，闻说鸡鸣见日升。（王安石《登飞来峰》）    28._____________________，亲射虎，_______________。（苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》）    29._____________________。_____________________，又何妨！（同上）    30.我欲乘风归去，___________________，___________________，___________________。___________________，何似在人间。（苏轼《水调歌头》    31.___________________，___________________，此事古难全。（同上）    32.莫笑农家腊酒浑，___________________。（陆游《游西山村》）    33.萧鼓追随春社近，___________________。（同上）    34.醉里挑灯看剑，___________________。（辛弃疾《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》）    35.___________________，身世浮沉雨打萍。（文天祥《过零丁洋》）    36.___________________，零丁洋里叹零丁。（同上）    37.___________________，小桥流水人家，___________________。（马致远《天净沙·秋思》）    38.~~~ ~___________________，___________________，山河表里潼关路。（张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》）    39.伤心秦汉经行处，___________________。（同上）    40.浩荡离愁白日斜，___________________（龚自珍《乙亥杂诗》）    二、理解性默写，根据要求写出课文原句。    1.《关雎》中的男子由_____________，______________引起______________，_____________的美好联想；___________________，__________________抒写了求之不得的相思之苦，___________________，___________________抒写了求而得之的美好愿望和喜悦心情。    2.《蒹葭》中用萧瑟冷落的秋景起兴，渲染凄清气氛，烘托惆怅心情的诗句是_________________，_________________；_________________，_________________；___________________，___________________。描写男主人公追寻之路艰险、漫长的诗句是_________________，_________________；_________________，________________；___________________和___________________；表现他虽望穿秋水但心上人可望而不可即的诗句是___________________，___________________，___________________。    3.曹操在《观沧海》中通过丰富奇特的想象创造宏伟意境、抒发壮志豪情的诗句是________________，_________________；_________________，_________________。    4.《饮酒》中表达诗人远离世俗名利羁绊，虽身居“人境”但闲静无忧的原因的句子是_________________？_________________；展现诗人悠然自得，物我合一的思想境界的千古名句是：___________________，___________________。    5.王勃在《送杜少府之任蜀州》中把对朋友的真挚感情升华为哲理的千古名句是：___________________，___________________。    6.王湾在《次北固山下》中写时序更替，抒发思乡之情，蕴涵生活哲理的诗句是___________________，___________________。    7.王维在《使至塞上》中描绘塞外奇特壮美风光的千古名句是___________________，___________________。    8.李白在《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》中把明月人格化，表达对友人不幸遭贬的深切同情与关怀的名句是___________________，___________________。    9.《行路难》中最能表达诗人李白坚信理想抱负一定实现的倔强、自信、执着精神的千古名句是___________________，___________________。    10.《望岳》中表达诗人杜甫不怕困难，敢于攀登绝顶，俯视一切的雄心与豪情的千古名句是___________________，___________________。~~~ ~    11.杜甫在《春望》中描写长安城被叛军攻陷后遭到惊人破坏的诗句是___________________，_______________________。抒写忧国思乡情怀的诗句是_____________________，_______________________。    12.《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中表现诗人杜甫推己及人、忧国忧民的博大济世情怀的诗句是___________________，___________________！___________________。    13.岑参在《白雪歌送武判官归京》中写下的咏雪名句是________________________，___________________________。    14.岑参在《白雪歌送武判官归京》中，以风见雪，创造别开生面的开阔雄奇氛围的诗句是___________________，___________________；描写沙漠风光，烘托送别气氛的诗句是___________________，___________________；描写饯行场面，帐内帐外互相映衬，表现友情浓烈深挚、心胸豁达的诗句是______________________，______________________。______________________，_________________________；描写送别场面，把离别的惆怅深情融于雪景之中的诗句是_______________________，______________________。    15.《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》中表现诗人刘禹锡对仕宦升沉、世事变迁的豁达胸怀，蕴涵新事物必将取代旧事物的深刻哲理的千古名句是________________________________，________________________________。    16.白居易在《观刈麦》中描写割麦者辛勤劳动的诗句是_______________，________________，描写拾麦者因_______________________，______________________而抱子拾麦的诗句是_______________________，______________________，表达自己对重负赋下的农民深切同情和关怀的诗句是_______________________，______________________。    17.白居易在《钱塘湖春行》中抓住早春特点，从仰视角度描写禽鸟的优美诗句是_______________________，______________________。从俯视角度描写花草的优美诗句是_______________________，______________________。    18.李贺在《雁门太守行》中描写将士们戒备森严，不可侵犯的诗句是_____________________，_________________________；用烘托手法描写将士们黄昏练兵，威武雄壮的诗句是________________________，_________________________；描写深夜袭击敌人的悲壮场景的诗句是________________________，_________________________；以抒写官军全体将士心愿的方式表达自己维护中央集权的坚定政治立场的诗句是____________________，_______________________。    19.杜牧在《赤壁》中借题兴叹，评论赤壁之战胜负的诗句是__________________________，_____________________________。    20.杜牧在《泊秦淮》中讽喻晚唐统治者醉生梦死、荒谬误国的诗句是__________________，________________________。  ~~~ ~  21.李商隐在《夜雨寄北》中以会晤的欢娱衬托客居的寂寞，把思念深情转化为重聚希冀的句是______________________，_______________________。    22.李商隐在《无题》中抒写浓郁的离别之恨的名句是___________________________，__________________________；抒写缠绵的相思之苦的名句是_____________________，___________________________。    23.范仲淹在《渔家傲》中描写与中原迥然不同的塞外秋景的词句是_____________________，_____________________，_____________________，_____________________；描写思乡和建功的矛盾心理，抒发爱国情怀的词句是__________________，___________________。    24.李煜在《相见欢》中借助比喻抒写离愁的名句是________________，_______________，____________________；用白描的手法直抒亡国哀思的名句是______________________。    25.王安石在《登飞来峰》中借景抒怀，表达自己满怀信心、锐意改革的远大政治抱负的诗句是__________________________，_________________________。    26.晏殊在《浣溪沙》中慨叹时光流逝，蕴涵生活哲理的名句是________________________，_________________________。    27.苏轼在《江城子·密州出猎》中借历史典故抒发自己渴望受到朝廷重用以便御敌立功、报效祖国的词句是_________________，_____________________？__________________，__________________，____________________。    28.苏轼在《水调歌头·明月几时有》中写下了寄寓离情，释却离愁，从美好的想象中得到慰藉的名句是______________________，__________________________。    29.陆游在《游西山村》中写下的蕴涵深刻哲理的诗句是_________________，______________。    30.辛弃疾在《破阵子》中追忆军营生活的词句是_________________，__________________，__________________；描写渴望驰骋沙场、英勇杀敌的战斗场面的词句是______________，__________________；直接抒发抗金报国、收复中原、建功立业的爱国激情和雄心壮志的词句是____________________，____________________。    31.文天祥在《过零丁洋》中写下的以死明志，表达自己视死如归、忠心报国、名垂青史的民族气节的名句是____________________，________________________。    32.马致远在《天净沙·秋思》中直抒胸臆，道出特定时间天涯游子之悲的词句是_________，______________。    33.~~~ ~张养浩在《山坡羊·潼关怀古》中概括封建社会本质，寄寓对劳动人民的深切同情，对封建统治者强烈谴责的词句是_______________，___________________；________________，___________________。    34.龚自珍在《乙亥杂诗》中以落花自比，表达自己虽然辞官离京却不忘报国壮志的诗句是__________________，____________________。    三、开放性默写。根据你的积累，按照题目的要求，写出我国古代诗、词曲的原句，答案不限课内外。    1.描写春景的：_____________________________________________________    2.描写夏景的：_____________________________________________________    3.描写秋景的：_____________________________________________________    4.描写冬景的：_____________________________________________________    5.咏雪的：_________________________________________________________    6.咏莲的：_________________________________________________________    7.咏菊的：_________________________________________________________    8.描写高山的：_____________________________________________________    9.描写山水的：_____________________________________________________    10.描写花的：_______________________________________________________    11.描写鸟的：_______________________________________________________    12.咏叹花鸟的：_____________________________________________________    13.描写登高远眺的：_________________________________________________    14.描写洞庭湖的：____________________________________________________    15.描写长江的：______________________________________________________    16.涉及黄河的：______________________________________________________    17.蕴涵哲理的：______________________________________________________    18.描写战生活的：____________________________________________________~~~ ~    19.描写战地红旗的：___________________________________________________    20.描写农耕生活的：____________________________________________________    21.描写农村淳朴好客的：________________________________________________    22.直接描写真挚友情的：________________________________________________    23.直接抒发豪情壮志的：________________________________________________    24.情景交融抒发惜别深情的：____________________________________________    25.抒发爱国情怀的：____________________________________________________    26.抒发理想抱负的：____________________________________________________    27.托月抒怀的：________________________________________________________    28.抒发忧国忧民情怀的：________________________________________________    29.抒发忧国思乡情怀的：________________________________________________    30.咏叹历史兴亡的：____________________________________________________    31.以古人自喻的：______________________________________________________    32.巧用劳动典故的：____________________________________________________    33.抒发思亲情怀的：____________________________________________________    34.描写大海景象的：____________________________________________________    35.描写塞外风光的：____________________________________________________    四、语言的运用与化用。运用出自课文的下列成语、格言、名句或对其加以点化，自选话题，造句或写话：    1.辗转反侧。        2.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。  ~~~ ~      3.潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。        4.海日生残夜，江春入旧年。        5.大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆。        6.长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。        7.会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。        8.国破山河在，城春草木深。        9.烽火连三月，家书抵万金。        10.安得到广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士惧欢颜。        11.忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。        12.天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无。        13.沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。  ~~~ ~      14.足蒸暑土士气，背着炎天光。        15.黑云压城城欲摧。        16.东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。        17.春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干。        18.何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。        19.别是一般滋味在心头。        20.无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来。        21.不畏浮云遮望眼，只缘身在最高层。        22.人有悲欢离合，与有阴晴圆缺。        23.但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。        24.山穷水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。  ~~~ ~      25.沙场秋点兵。        26.人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。        27.落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。            参考答案    一、见课文    二、1.关关雎鸠，在河之洲窈窕淑女，君子好逑寤寐思服辗转反侧琴瑟友之钟鼓乐之    2.蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜蒹葭萋萋白露未晞蒹葭采采，白露未已溯洄从之，道阻且长溯洄从之，道阻且跻溯洄从之，道阻且右溯游从之宛在水中央宛在水中砥宛在水中沚    3.日月之行，若出其中；星汉灿烂，若出其里    4.问君何能尔？心远地自偏采菊东篱下，悠然见南山    5.海内存知己，天涯若比邻    6.海日升残夜，江春入旧年    7.大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆    8.我寄愁心与明月，随风直到夜郎西    9.长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海    10.会当凌绝顶，一览众山小    11.国破山河在，城春草木深烽火连三月，家书抵万金  ~~~ ~  12.安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士惧欢颜！风雨不动安如山    13.忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开    14.北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪翰海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝中军置酒饮归客，胡琴琵琶与羌笛。纷纷暮雪下辕门，风掣红旗冻不翻山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处    15.沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春    16.足蒸暑土气背灼炎天光家田输税尽，拾此充饥肠右手秉遗穗，左臂悬敝筐念次私自愧，尽日不能忘    17.几处早莺争暖树，谁家新燕啄春泥乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄    18.黑云压城城欲摧，甲光向日金鳞开角声满天秋色里，塞上燕脂凝夜紫半卷红旗临易水，霜重鼓寒声不起报君黄金台上意，提携玉龙为君死    19.东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁人乔    20.商女不知亡国恨，隔江犹唱后庭花    21.何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时    22.相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干    23.衡阳雁去无留意四面边声连角起，千獐里，长烟落日孤烟闭浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计    24.剪子不断，理还乱，是离愁别是一般滋味在心头    25.不畏浮云遮望眼，只缘身在最高层    26.无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来    27.持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼    28.担愿如长久，千里共婵娟    29.山穷水尽疑无路，柳暗花明又一村    30.八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊了却军王天下事，赢得生前身后名    31.人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青~~~ ~    32.夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯    33.兴，百姓苦；亡，百姓苦    34.落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花    三、略。答案无论是课内的还是课外的，只要符合题目要求，都算对    四、略。无论是运用还是化用，只要符合现代语交际的语境，能够表达一个明确的现代语意，都算对。~~~