虚拟语气和情态动词

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从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Areyouinahurry?—No,infactI’vegotplentyoftime.I_____wait.A.mustB.needC.mayD.should2.—Someoneisknockingatthedoor._____itbeVenis?—No,it_____beher;sheleftforNewYorkthismorning.A.Can;mustn’tB.Might;can’tC.May;doesn’tD.Can;can’t3.Hedidn’tagreewithmeatfirst,butI_____persuadehimtosigntheagreementlater.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.wasableto4.—Isthereamovieoninthecinematonight?—There_____be.Iwillphonethecinemaandfinditout.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.could5.You_____becarefulwhenyoucrosshere—thetrafficlightsaren’tworking.A.canB.oughttoC.mightD.may6.You_____outlastnight.Icalledyouseveraltimes,butnobodyanswered.A.musthavebeenB.mustbeC.mighthavebeenD.couldbe7.You_____failtopasstheentranceexaminationifyoudon’tstudyharder.A.shallB.couldC.mustD.should8.WhenIwasstudyingatBeijingUniversity,I_____takeawalkalongthelakeeveryevening.A.willB.wouldC.couldD.shall9.Thepartyturnedouttobeafailure.Iwouldrather_____it.A.nothaveattendedB.notattendC.nottoattendD.nottohaveattended10.Sir,you_____besittinginthisseat.Itisforwomenorchildrenonly.A.can’tB.oughtn’ttoC.won’tD.needn’t11.—ShallItellLiMingaboutthematter?—No,you_____.Hehasknownaboutitalready.A.oughtn’ttoB.needn’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t12.—MustItakeabus?—No,you_____.Youcanwalkthere.A.mustnotB.don’tC.don’thavetoD.hadbetternotto13.—Whydoyoumakemedoso?—Iamsorrythatyou_____dosuchathing.A.wouldB.canC.shouldD.may14.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,I_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.won’t15.Whatwouldhavehappened_____,asfarastheriverbank?A.ifBobhaswalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfarther5 C.hadBobwalkedfartherD.shouldBobwalkfarther16.Oh,Jane,you’vebrokenanotherglass.Youought_____whenyouwashedit.A.becarefulB.tocareC.havecaredD.tohavebeencareful17.It’shightimewe_____tothetheater.A.willgoB.shallgoC.aregoingtoD.went18.—CouldIuseyourtelephone?—Yes,ofcourseyou_____.A.couldB.willC.canD.might19.It’sstrangethatthey_____nothingaboutthismatter.A.shouldknowB.wouldknowC.hadknownD.knew20.—DoyoustillrememberthedaywhenwewenttotheGreatWall?—Ican’trememberitwell,but_____sometimelastautumn?A.mightitbeB.couldithavebeenC.coulditbeD.mustithavebeen21.—Ican’tgetthroughtothegeneralmanager’sofficeanyhow.—Thelineisbusy.Someone_____thetelephone.A.mustuseB.usesC.musthavebeenusingD.mustbeusing22.Hesuggestswe_____tothecinemaatonce,otherwisewewillbelate.A.mustgoB.goC.willgoD.wouldgo23.Ifonlyhe_____meyesterday!A.hadseenB.wouldseeC.shouldseeD.saw24.Ifyou_____waitamoment,I’llgoandfindourmanager.A.canB.shouldC.willD.must25.—Itisrathercoldhere.Shallwelightafire?—No,we_____becausethingsareeasytocatchfire.A.won’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t26.IfI_____you,I_____moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay27.—Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?—Iwouldhave,butI_____sobusythen.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe28.—Canchildrenswiminthispool?—Yes.However,atnotime_____theydosobythemselves.A.dareB.shouldC.needD.could29.Kunmingiscalled“SpringCity”,butit_____snowinwinter.A.shallB.canC.mustD.might30.—What’sthematterwithyou?—Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_____somuchfriedfishjustnow.5 A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat31.—Youlooksoupset.What’swrongwithyou?—Thedoor_____.Canyouhelpme?A.won’topenB.won’tbeopenedC.can’topenD.can’tbeopened32.—Mum,IclimbedtogettheTeddyBearfromthetopoftheshelf.—Mygoodness!You_____yourself.Youmustn’tdothatnexttime.A.musthavehurtB.shouldhavehurtC.mayhavehurtD.canhavehurt33.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_____beunderadultsupervisionwhenheisinapubliclibrary.A.mustB.mayC.canD.need34.“Theinterest_____bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall35.—Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.—You_____.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t36.—Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock._____IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?—No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.A.Can’tB.Wouldn’tC.DarenotD.Won’t37.—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?—Well,ifyou_____know,hernameisMabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall38.Thedriverhasdrunktoomuchwineanddangerousthings_____happenatanytime.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.need39.We_____booked.Look,thisrestaurantisalmostempty.A.musthaveB.can’thaveC.shouldhaveD.needn’thave40.Listen!Thefireengineisroaring.There_____beafiresomewhere.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.oughtto5 答案及部分解析：1-5CDDAB6-10AABAB11-15BCCBC16-20DDCAB21-25DBACC26-30DCBBC31-35ACADD36-40ACADB1.may表示“可以”。2.can用在疑问句和否定句中，表示可能性的推测。can’t表示“不可能”。3.情态动词can和beableto都可表示能力。当表示“过去成功地做了某事”时，常用was/wereableto。4.由下文的“Iwillphonethecinemaandfinditout”可知此处应用might。may/might用在肯定句中，表示可能性的推测。5.oughtto表示劝告。6.题意为“我昨天晚上打了几次电话都没有人接，你一定是出去了”。musthavedone常用来表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测。7.shall用于二、三人称，表示说话者的意愿，有命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺、决心之意。此题用shall，表示警告。8.情态动词would可以表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。与usedto相比，would不含有“现在已无此习惯”的意义。9.题意为“那次聚会以失败告终，我宁愿没参加”。wouldrather（not）havedone表示的是过去发生的情况。10.由题意可知此处应用oughtn’tto表示“不应该”。11.由hehasknownaboutitalready可知此处应用needn’t表示“没有必要”。另外注意：shall用于一、三人称的疑问句时，常表示征求对方意见或请求对方给予指示。12.don’thaveto不必。13.should常用在形容词sorry,anxious,happy,delighted等后接的that从句中，表示“竟，会”等意义。15.hadBobwalkedfarther=ifBobhadwalkedfarther。在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略if时要把had,should,were提到句首。16.oughttohavedone表示“过去本来应该做某事而事实上并没有做到”。17.It’s（high/about）time后所接从句中，从句谓语动词常用过去式形式。18.问句中情态动词could表示委婉客气。19.题意为“他们竟然对此事一无所知，真令人奇怪”。“It’sstrange,possible...+that从句”的句型中，从句谓语常用should+动词原形。20.can/couldhavedone表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于否定句或疑问句中。21.mustbedoing表示对现在正发生情况的肯定推测。22.suggest,order,demand,request等表示“建议或命令等”的动词后接宾语从句，从句谓语常用（should）+动词原形。23.ifonly但愿。如果表示现在的愿望，句中谓语动词常用过去式；如果表示将来的愿望，句中谓语动词常用would/could+动词原形；如果表示过去的愿望，句中谓语动词常用had+过去分词。24.will表示“愿意”。25.mustn’t表示“禁止”。26.表示与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句谓语常用would/could/should/might+动词原形。5 27.haditbeenpossible=ifithadbeenpossible。but后分句是描述当时的事实，故用一般过去时态。28.atnotime（在任何时候都不）位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。should应该。29.此处用can表示“一时之可能”。31.Thedoorwon’topen.这门打不开。will表示功能，可译为“能，行”。又如：Eachclassroomwillseat60students.每间教室能容纳60名学生。32.may/mighthavedone表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于肯定句中。33.题意为“在那个国家12岁以下的儿童在公共图书馆时必须（must）有成年人监护。”34.由judge（法官）可断定此处有强制、命令的语气，故填shall。36.此处意为“难道我不能（can’t）出去和汤姆玩一会儿吗？”38.should表示很可能。39.needn’thavedone表示“本来不需要做某事而事实上已经做了”。40.mustbe表示对现在发生情况的肯定推测。5