现代英语词汇学概论6polysemyandhomonymy

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1、Session6ChapterVPolysemyandHomonymyReviewchapter4I.MotivationofmeaningOnomatopoeicMotivationDucksquack.MorphologicalmotivationHopefulSemanticMotivationTabula(木板)----tableEtymologicalmotivationArgus-eyedprofessorArgus百眼巨人目光敏锐的II.Componentsofmeaninggrammaticalm

2、eaningvs.lexicalmeaningforget:forgets;forgotconceptualmeaningvs.associativemeaninghomesmall,littlebegin,commencepretty,handsomeassociativemeaningconnotativemeaningdragon,motherstylisticmeaningbrotherly,fraternalaffectivemeaningfamous,notoriouscollocativemeani

3、ngThetorchflashes.Thestarstwinkle.Thesunshines.Ex.9P.133Lead-inAmanwhowasinvolvedinaseriousmotorcycleaccidentwasunabletospeakwhenhefirstregainedconsciousness.Whishingtoknowhowlonghehadbeenunconscious,hetookapieceofpaperandapencilfromthebedsideand,afterwriting

4、“date?”onit,gaveittohisnurse.Shehandeditbacktohimaftershehadwrittentheword“Married”onit.TeachingfocusI.PolysemyII.HomonymyIII.Howtodistinguishthetwoforms?IV.ContextV.AmbiguityandvaguenessI.Polysemy一词多义1.1polysemytwoprocessesofdevelopment1.2senserelationsofpol

5、ysemy1.2.1originalmeaningvs.extendedmeaning1.2.2universalmeaningvs.particularmeaning1.2.3abstractmeaningvs.concretemeaning1.2.4literalmeaningvs.figurativemeaning1.1Polysemymeansthatonesinglewordhastwoormoresensesatthesametime.Eg.government:治理国家；政府blanket:羊毛毯；

6、给……盖羊毛毯“get”:150meanings“cut”:120meaningsTwoprocessesofdevelopmenta)Radiation辐射型：Itisthesemanticprocessinwhichtheprimarymeaningstandsatthecentreandthesecondarymeaningradiatesoutofit.Thoughallthesecondarymeaningsareindependentofoneanother,theycanallbetracedbac

7、ktotheprimarymeaning.headtheheadoftheschoolsixpenceperheadtheheadofapagetoloseone’sheadsixheadofcattleaheadofcabbageattheheadofalistTwoheadsarebetterthanone.todiscussaquestionunderfiveheadsuseyouheadb)Concatenation连锁型:Itisthesemanticprocessinwhichthemeaningof

8、awordmovesgraduallyawayfromitsprimarymeaninginsuccessionsothatthepresentmeaningseemstohavenoconnectiontotheprimarymeaning.E.g.candidate：1)white-roped2)officeseekerinwhitegowns3)apersonwho