湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语（解析版）.docx

《湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期阶段性检测一英语（解析版）.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

高一英语检测试卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhydoesNOTthewomaneatanothersliceofpie?A.Sheisonadiet.B.Shedoesn’tlikeit.C.It’sallbeeneatenup.2.What’sthecharacterofKelly?A.Soft-spoken.B.Shy.C.Talkative.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$6.B.$9.C.$10.4.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.OnSaturday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Quithisjob.B.Goforasecretjob.C.Tourtheworld.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。6.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Hadhercarrepaired.B.Boughtacar.C.Tookanexam.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheispoor.B.Shedoesn’tlikeshowingoff.C.Shedoesn’tknowcarsatall. 听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。8.WhatwouldNOTbefoundinsideBurningMan?A.Music.B.Food.C.Money.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrightaboutthefestival?A.Ithas13yearsofhistory.B.Peoplesetupcampusinthedesert.C.Atallwoodenstatueisburnedintheend.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whoistheman?AAvolunteer.B.Ascientist.C.Ajournalist.11.Whydidagirlliveinatreeforamonth?A.Toenjoythefreshair.B.Toshowoffherloveofnature.C.Toprotecttheforests.12.HowmanypeopleliveupintreesalltheyearroundinTasmania?A.Nomorethan50.B.Morethan100.C.Fewerthan40.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhowasCharlesHatfield?A.Hewasarainmaker.B.Hewasachemist.C.Hewasafireman.14.WhathappenedwhenitrainedinSanDiegoin1916?A.Thecitywasflooded.B.Morethan200peopledied.C.Manydamsweredestroyed.15.HowlongdiditraininSanDiego?A.4days.B.5days.C.15days.16.WhydidthecityNOTpayMr.Hatfieldintheend?A.Becausetherewasnowrittenagreement.B.Becausetheythoughttherainwasan“actofGod”.C.Becausehediedintheflood.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17Whydoesthefathersendhissonaway?A.Theboyisn’tinterestedinfarming.B.Theboydoesn’tstudywell.C.Hisothersonsdon’tliketheboy.18.Whatdoesthepriesttelltheboy?A.Don’tgointolargespacesinthedaytime.B.Stayatsmallspacesatnight.C.Don’tstayatsmallspacesatnight.19.Whatcanweknowaboutthesecondtemple?A.Therearemanycatsinside.B.It’sveryoldbutquiet.C.It’sempty.20.Whathappenstotheboyintheend?A.Hereturnstothefarm.B.Hebecomesanartist.C.Hespendstherestofhislifeinthetemple第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’replanningtovisitJapan,itisagoodideatounderstandsomebasiccustoms.DON’TWALKANDCHEWGUM.Americansarealwaysinsuchahurrythatwegrablunchatthedrivewithonehandwhileholdingontothesteeringwheelwiththeother.TheJapanesedon’twalkaroundwhileeatingordrinking.Thisseemsstrangeinaculturethatlikevendingmachines(自动售卖机).Infact,theJapanesewilloftengetasnackorsodaoutofavendingmachineandthenstandthere,nexttothevendingmachine,untilthey’vefinishedit.SURGICALMASKSSeeingphotosofpeopleinJapanwearingsurgicalmasks,youmightwonderifsurgicalmasksarejustafashion.Meanwhile,inAmerica,wecoughintotheopenair,andsneakoutofrestroomswithoutwashingup. InJapan,it’snotnicetosharegerms(细菌).Ifyou’resickandyoumustleaveyourhome,youputasurgicalmaskbecausethat’spolite.Surgicalmasksarealsowornoutofcaution—ifyoutravelinapackedtrainduringfluseason,it’sagoodideatodoso.THEMISUSEOFSOYSAUCEYou’reprobablyusedtoeatingwhitericewithsoysauce(酱汁)alloveritinAmericanAsianrestaurants,butdon’tdoitinJapan.SoysauceinJapanisnotmeantfordrowningoutthesubtleflavorofwhiterice.AboutYOURSHOESWearingshoeinthehouseisjustnotsomethingpeopledoinJapan.YoushouldremoveyourshoesimmediatelyafterenteringaJapanesehomeandalsowhenenteringmosthistoricbuildings.1.TheauthoristellingAmericantouristsinJapanto________.A.drinkwhilewalkingB.eatwhiledrivingC.eatfoodquicklyD.drinknearthevendingmachine2.TheJapaneseconsiderwearingasurgicalmaskas________.A.afashionB.adangerC.goodmannersD.agoodidea3.WhenyouarevisitingaJapanesehome,youareadvisedto___________.A.getasnackB.removeyourshoesC.putsoysauceoverthericeD.wearamask【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了去日本旅游的一些注意事项以及日本的一些风俗习惯。【1题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Americansarealwaysinsuchahurry(美国人总是如此匆忙)”以及第三段“Infact,theJapanesewilloftengetasnackorsodaoutofavendingmachineandthenstandthere,nexttothevendingmachine,untilthey’vefinishedit.(事实上，日本人通常会从自动售货机里拿出零食或苏打水，然后站在自动售货机旁边，直到他们吃完为止)”可知，在吃零食或喝水时，美国人总是十分匆忙，而日本人一般都不走动。从而推知，作者建议在日本的美国游客在自动售货机附近饮水。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“putasurgicalmaskbecausethat’spolite(戴上口罩，因为这是礼貌的)”可知，日本人认为佩戴口罩是很有礼貌的。故选C项。【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“YoushouldremoveyourshoesimmediatelyafterenteringaJapanesehomeandalsowhenenteringmosthistoricbuildings.(进入日本家庭后，以及进入大多数历史建筑时，你应该立即脱鞋)”可知，拜访日本家庭时，作者建议游客脱下鞋子。故选B项。BOneinfiveteenssuffersfrommentalillnessParentsofdepressed(忧郁的)teensoftenthinktheirchildisjustgoingthroughacertainstage,anddon’ttakethesymptoms(症状)seriously.WhenIwas12yearsold,Inoticedsomethingwasnotrightwithme.Itoldmymom,butshesaidIwasjustgoingthroughnormal“teenagestuff”.Iwentonwitheverydaylife,butwasnotabletofunctionwell.Ifeltdepressedandseemedtobecryingallthetime.Ineverwantedtocomeoutofmyroomorbearoundpeople.Ievenpushedpeopleawaywhomeantalottome.Itoldmymotheragainwhatwasgoingwithme.Again,sheexplainedawaymysymptomsbysayingmyhormones(荷尔蒙)wereprobablyjustactingup,butshedidagreetotakemetothedoctor.Iknewdeepdownthatwhateverwaswrongwithmewasmorethanjusthormones.Parentsneedtotaketheirchildren’smentalhealthseriously.Brushingitoffasnothingwillnotmakeitgoaway.Iwantparentstounderstandthat20percentofteensbetweentheagesof13and18aresuffering.Manyoftheseteensfeelliketheirvoiceswon’tbeheardiftheytelltheirparentswhattheyareexperiencing.Parentsandfamilymembersneedtocometogethersothatteenswhosuffercangettreatment.IwasveryscaredtotellmymomaboutwhatIwasfeeling,anditmademefeelworsetobetoldIwasjustbeingateenandthatwashormonal.Itrulybelievethatifteensweremerecomfortabletalkingwiththeirparentsandtellingthempersonalthings,teensuicideandmentalbreakdownswoulddecrease.Teenswillgettreatment,feelmorepositive,andbeabletoliveamorenormallife.4.Howdidthemothertakethewriter’smentalillnessatfirstaccordingtothetext?A.Seriously.B.Nervously.C.Casually.D.Badly5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Brushingitoff”inparagraph3mean?A.Cuttingitout.B.Concentratingonit.C.Payingnoattentiontoit.D.Makingfunofit.6.Whatisaproperwayforparentstodealwithchildren’smentalillness?A.Treatingtheirsymptomsassomethingnormal.B.Takingtheirchildrentohospitalfortreatment.C.Stayingwiththeirchildrenmoreoften. D.Leavingtheirchildrenalone.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tocriticizethewriter’smum.B.TodrawpublicattentiontoteenageproblemsC.Tointroducethewriter’ssufferingofteenagelife.D.Topersuadeparentstobeseriousaboutchildren’smentalillness.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患有精神疾病，他希望能得到父母的认真对待，青少年患有精神疾病的几率很高，他呼吁父母重视孩子的心理健康。【4题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Itoldmymom,butshesaidIwasjustgoingthroughnormal“teenagestuff”.(我告诉了我妈妈，但她说我只是在经历正常的“青少年时期”)”可推知，母亲最初是对于作者的精神疾病是不在意的。故选C项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。通过画线部分上文“Parentsneedtotaketheirchildren’smentalhealthseriously.(父母需要重视孩子的心理健康)”以及下文“asnothingwillnotmakeitgoaway(把它当作没事不会让它消失)”可推知，此处指不去理会孩子的精神疾病并不会让疾病消失，父母需要多关注孩子的心理健康问题。画线部分“Brushingitoff”意为“不注意它、不理会它”。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“Parentsandfamilymembersneedtocometogethersothatteenswhosuffercangettreatment.(父母和家庭成员需要团结起来，这样遭受痛苦的青少年才能得到治疗)”可推知，作者认为父母处理孩子精神疾病的正确方式是带孩子去医院治疗。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段“Parentsneedtotaketheirchildren’smentalhealthseriously.Brushingitoffasnothingwillnotmakeitgoaway.(父母需要重视孩子的心理健康)”以及“Iwantparentstounderstandthat20percentofteensbetweentheagesof13and18aresuffering.(我希望家长们能够理解，在13到18岁的青少年中，有20%的人正在遭受痛苦)”可推知，本文的目的是说服父母重视孩子的精神疾病。故选D项。CItisn’teasytoclimbtheOldManofHoy,oneofthetallestintheUnitedKingdom.Itisevenmore dangerousifyouhappentobeablindclimber,asJesseDuftonis.The34-year-oldwasbornwithararegeneticdisease(遗传病)thatlefthimwithlessthan20percentofhisvision(视觉),whichthenkeptdroppingovertheyears.Hechoosestoclimb,becauseit’sbetterthansittingathomefeelingsorryforyourself,right?ClimbingisnotthemostdangerousthingIdoonanaverageday;crossingtheroadonthewaytoworkisfarmoreriskythanHoy.”Duftonhasbeenclimbingmountainssincechildhood.Asaskilledclimber,hisfatherwouldtakehimoutatweekends.Hewasalwaysphysicalthen,alwaysupforadventure.Heplayedsportsatschool,thoughquicklygrewfrustrated(沮丧)withmanyofthem.Badmintonwasajokeforsomeonelikeme,andevenblindcricket—withaballwithabellinit—annoyedme.“Insteadhewasattractedtoclimbingandskiing,andinsiststhatclimbingisoneofthesaferactivitiesforablindpersontoundertake.“True,youcan’tseethehandholds,orthefootholds.Youcan’tseewheretheopportunitiesare,orwheretoplaceyourhandsandyourgear(齿轮),soyoujusthavetotakeitslowly.Yousearcharounduntilyoucanfeelforsomethingtoholdonto,andthenbasicallyrepeattheprocessoverandoveragain.Tokeepcalminthesesituationshelps.”ItwasJessehimselfwhomadeadocumentaryhappen.HetoldthefilmmakerAlistairLeeabouthispastime,believingitmightbeworthcapturingonfilm.Irealizedmystorywasquiteunusual,”hesays,addingthathefeltalmostduty-boundtoshareit.Ifsomebodylikemewatchesit,andtheyfinditinspirational,thenitwouldn’tberightformetokeepthatfromthem,wouldn’tit?”8.WhatismoredangerousinJesseDufton’seyes?A.Losingeyesightgradually.B.Dailyroutinesinhislife.C.ClimbingtheOldManofHoy.D.Stayingathomeallday.9.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Dufton’spassionforclimbing.B.Skillsneededforclimbing.C.Father’sinfluenceonDufton.D.Thelimitedchoicefordisabledpeople.10.JessepersuadedAlistairLeetomakeadocumentaryto_________.A.showhisuniquetalentforclimbingB.inspiremorepeoplewithdisabilityC.givecredittothebraveclimbersD.educatepeopleaboutriskysports11.Fromthestory,wemayinferJesseDuftonis_________.A.responsibleandhelpfulB.caringandcarefulC.patientandbraveD.adventurousandoptimistic 【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位盲人攀岩者JesseDufton坚持攀岩的故事，后来他拍了一个记录片分享自己的故事，鼓励更多像他一样的残疾人。【8题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“crossingtheroadonthewaytoworkisfarmoreriskythanHoy(在上班的路上过马路比攀登Hoy危险得多)”可知，在JesseDufton眼中，他的日常活动更危险。故选B项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Duftonhasbeenclimbingmountainssincechildhood.(Dufton从小就一直爬山)”以及“hewasattractedtoclimbingandskiing,andinsiststhatclimbingisoneofthesaferactivitiesforablindpersontoundertake(他被攀岩和滑雪所吸引，坚持认为攀岩是盲人从事的一项更安全的活动)”可推知，本段主要讲述了Dufton对攀岩的热情。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“Ifsomebodylikemewatchesit,andtheyfinditinspirational,thenitwouldn’tberightformetokeepthatfromthem(如果像我这样的人看了这部记录片，觉得很鼓舞人心，那我就不应该对他们隐瞒)”可知，Jesse说服AlistairLee拍摄一部纪录片是为了激励更多残疾人。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段Itisevenmoredangerousifyouhappentobeablindclimber,asJesseDuftonis.(如果你碰巧是一个盲人攀岩者，就像JesseDufton一样，那就更危险了)”以及最后一段“hefeltalmostduty-boundtoshareit.Ifsomebodylikemewatchesit,andtheyfinditinspirational,thenitwouldn’tberightformetokeepthatfromthem,wouldn’tit?(他觉得几乎有义务分享它。如果像我这样的人看了这部记录片，觉得很鼓舞人心，那我就不应该对他们隐瞒，不是吗)”可推知，JesseDufton是一位勇于冒险、态度乐观的人。故选D项。DWhatdoesitmeantoliveagoodlife?Thisquestionhasbeendebatedbymayphilosophers(哲学家).Inthefieldofpsychology(心理学),twomainideasofthegoodlifeareinfluential:Ahappylife,fullofstability,enjoymentandpositiveemotions,andameaningfullife,fullofpurpose,virtueanddevotion.Butwhatifthesearen’ttheonlychoices?Inrecentyears,thepsychologicallyrichlifehasbeenreceivinggreaterresearchattention.Itisfullofstrongemotions,bothpositiveandnegative,andnewandinterestingexperiences.Theyare,however,seldomboringor dull.Inanewstudy,ShigehiroOishiandhiscolleaguesfoundthatmanypeople’sselfdescribedideallivesincludepsychologicalrichness.Whentochosealife,however,themajoritychoseahappylifeandameaningfullife.Evenso,somepeoplestillfavoredthepsychologicallyrichlife.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilemostpeopledostruggletobehappyandhavemeaningandpurposeintheirlives,asizablenumberofpeoplearecontentonlylivingapsychologicallyrichlife.Indeed,othernewresearchsuggeststhatforalotofpeople,theintensity(强度)oftheexperiencemattersmorethanonlyhow“positive”or“negative”itwas.AsOishiandhiscolleaguesconclude,“webelievethattakingthepsychologicallyrichlifeseriouslywilldeepen,broadenandenrichourunderstandingofwell-being.”Attheendoftheday,thereisnooneacceptablepathtothegoodlife.Youhavetofindapaththatworksbestforyou.AsNietzscheputit:“Noonecanbuildyouthebridgeonwhichyou,andonlyyou,mustcrosstheriveroflife.Theremaybecountlessbridgesbutthereisonepathintheworldthatnonecanwalkbutyou.Wheredoesitlead?Don’task,walk!”12.Theauthormentionsthetwomainideasofthegoodlifeto_________.A.introduceanotheraspectofagoodlifeB.comparetwodifferentwaysoflifeC.explainhowtoliveagoodlifeD.tellreaderssomegoodwaystolive13.Accordingtothepassage,thepsychologicallyrichlifeis_________.A.fullofmeaningandpurposeB.nothingbutdifferentemotionsC.strongemotionsandinterestingexperiencesD.allaboutbeingcontentwithwhatyouhave14.ShigehiroOishiandhiscolleaguesholdtheviewthat________.A.thepsychologicallyrichlifeisthebestoneB.morepeopleprefertoliveapsychologicallyrichlifeC.thereisnodifferencebetween,’positive’and‘negative’experienceD.studyingpsychologicalrichnesshelpstounderstandwell-beingbetter15.Nietzsche’swordsinthelastparagraphimplythat__________.A.thesuitableoneisthebestoneB.allroadsleadtoRome C.GodhelpsthosewhohelpthemD.nothingisimpossibleforwillingheart【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对美好生活的两种评判标准，没有一条令每个人都满意的通往美好生活的道路，你必须找到一条最适合你的道路。【12题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Ahappylife,fullofstability,enjoymentandpositiveemotions,andameaningfullife,fullofpurpose,virtueanddevotion(一种是充满稳定、享受和积极情绪的幸福的生活，另一种是充满目标、美德和奉献的有意义的生活)”可推知，作者通过说明美好生活的另一种生活方式来介绍人们对美好生活的两种评判标准。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Itisfullofstrongemotions,bothpositiveandnegative,andnewandinterestingexperiences.(它充满了强烈的积极和消极情绪，以及新鲜有趣的经历)”可知，心理上富有的生活意味着拥有强烈的情绪和有趣的经历。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“webelievethattakingthepsychologicallyrichlifeseriouslywilldeepen,broadenandenrichourunderstandingofwell-being(我们相信，认真看待心理生活的丰富性将加深、拓宽和丰富我们对幸福的理解)”可知，研究心理生活的丰富性有助于更好地理解幸福感。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Youhavetofindapaththatworksbestforyou.(你必须找到一条最适合你的道路)”以及“Theremaybecountlessbridgesbutthereisonepathintheworldthatnonecanwalkbutyou.(世上也许有无数的桥，但有一条除了你无人能走的路)”可推知，本段引用尼采的话是为了指出“合适的是最好的”这一观点。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Severalstudiessuggesttherearesomeverygoodreasonstothinkaboutwaystobekindandfriendlyplanoutthattypeofbehavior.____16____Researchersalsosaykindnessplayedanimportantpartinhowhumansdeveloped.Inotherwords,theysayscientificevidencesuggeststhatwearedesignedtobekind.OliverCurryistheresearchdirectoratKindlab,anon-profitorganization.____17____Curryclaimsthat “kindnessismucholderthanreligion.”“Thebasicreasonwhypeoplearekindisthatwearesocialanimals.”heexplained.____18____UniversityofLondonpsychologistAnatBardistudiesvaluesystemsinpeople.Inonestudy,researchersgavepeoplealistofvalues-suchaskindness,creativity,ambition,tradition,security,andseekingsocialjustice.Whenaskedtopickthemostimportant,kindnesswon.Butresearchshowsthatourbodiescanalsorewardusforbeingkind.UniversityofCaliforniaRiversidepsychologyprofessorSonjahastestedthisideainmanyexperimentsoverthepast20years.Inoneexperiment,sheaskedpeopletoperformthreeactsofkindnessforotherindividualseachweek.Sheaskedadifferentgrouptodothreeactsofself-kindness.____19____Thepeoplewhowerekindtoothersreportedfeelinghappierandmoreconnectedtotheworld.____20____Sonjastudiedagroupofpeoplewiththediseasemultiplesclerosis(多发性硬化).Shefoundthattheyfeltbetterphysicallywhenhelpingothers.Herresearchalsoshowedthatpeoplewhoperformedmoreactsofkindnesshadlessinflammation(发炎)intheirbodies.A.Otherresearchhasshownthatmanypeopleprizekindnessoverothervalues.B.ResearchshowsthatkindnesscanbegoodformanyspeciesC.Theseactscouldbesmall,likeopeningadoorforsomeone.D.Itsgoalistoeducateandurgepeopletochoosekindness.E.Researchshowsthatactsofkindnesscanimproveourhealth.F.Butitisnotjustemotionalbutalsophysical.G.Thatiswhywehelpstrangersinneed.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.C20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了善良的重要作用。【16题详解】根据下文“Researchersalsosaykindnessplayedanimportantpartinhowhumansdeveloped.(研究人员还表示，善良在人类的发展过程中起着重要作用)”可知，选项与下文为并列关系来说明善良的益处是什么。Research呼应Researchers，improveourhealth呼应playedanimportantpart。故E选项“研究表明，善举可以改善我们的健康”切题。故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“OliverCurryistheresearchdirectoratKindlab,anon-profitorganization.(奥利弗·库里是非营利组织金实验室的研究主任)”可知，选项承接上文说明非营利组织的目标是什么。故D 选项“它的目标是教育和鼓励人们选择善良”切题。故选D项。【18题详解】根据下文“UniversityofLondonpsychologistAnatBardistudiesvaluesystemsinpeople.Inonestudy,researchersgavepeoplealistofvalues—suchaskindness,creativity,ambition,tradition,security,andseekingsocialjustice.Whenaskedtopickthemostimportant,kindnesswon.(伦敦大学心理学家AnatBardi研究人们的价值体系。在一项研究中，研究人员给人们列出了一系列价值观——比如善良、创造力、雄心、传统、安全感和寻求社会公正。当被要求挑选最重要的时，善良赢得了胜利)”可知，选项在说明善良胜过其他价值观。prizekindnessoverothervalues呼应kindnesswon。故A选项“其他研究表明，许多人看重善良胜过其他价值观”切题。故选A项。【19题详解】根据上文“Inoneexperiment,sheaskedpeopletoperformthreeactsofkindnessforotherindividualseachweek.Sheaskedadifferentgrouptodothreeactsofself-kindness.(在一个实验中，她要求人们每周为其他人做三件善事。她要求另一组人做三件自我友善的事)”可知，选项承接上文举例说明这些事都不是大的行为而是小的行为。故C选项“这些行为可能很小，比如为某人开门”切题。故选C项。【20题详解】根据上文可知，上文在说明善良事在情感上的益处。根据下文“Sonjastudiedagroupofpeoplewiththediseasemultiplesclerosis(多发性硬化).Shefoundthattheyfeltbetterphysicallywhenhelpingothers.Herresearchalsoshowedthatpeoplewhoperformedmoreactsofkindnesshadlessinflammation(发炎)intheirbodies.(Sonja研究了一组患有多发性硬化症的人。她发现他们在帮助别人时身体感觉更好。她的研究还表明，做更多善事的人体内的炎症较少)”可知，选项承上启下，physical呼应physically以及“intheirbodies.”。故F选项“但这不仅是情感上的，也是身体上的”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。HecamefromsomewheresouthofRome.OneSundayeveningIfoundhimstandinginthedriveway,extremelythin.“MynameTonyandImow(割)yourlawn(草坪).”hesaid.Itwashardtounderstandhis___21___English.ItoldhimIcouldn’tafforda___22___.“Imowyourlawn,”hesaidagainandwalkedaway.WhenIgothomethenextevening,thelawnhadbeenmowed,thewalks___23___.MywifeandIthoughtitstrangethathehadnotaskedfor___24___.Thenextfewdayswerebusy,andI___25___abouthim.ButonFriday,sawhimagain,behindmygarageandbusyaround. I___26___toworkoutsomesmallweeklypayforhim.Summerpassedintofallandwindsblewcold.“Mr.Craw,whenwintercome,letmecleanthesnowinthefactory.”Tony___27___.Well,howcouldIresistsuchdetermination?___28___,Tonygothisjob.“Iwanttobeanapprentice(学徒),”hesaidoneday.___29___wehadagoodapprenticeschooltraininglaborers,Idoubtedwhetherhecouldevenreadblueprints(图纸).However,Idecidedtogivehimatry.Tohis_____30_____,hegraduatedasakilledgrinder.Afterabouttwoyears,Tonyturnedupatourusualmeetingspot,much_____31_____thanheusedtobeandtakingonalookof_____32_____.Hehadhisownhouseandacutefamily!TonycametoAmericaseekingtheAmericanDream.Buthedidnotfindit—he_____33_____ithimself.Tonydidn’tbeginonthefirst_____34_____.Hebeganinthebasement.Allhehadwere24hoursaday.He_____35_____noneofthemandsucceededfinally.21.A.brokenB.fluentC.standardD.simple22.A.designerB.gardenerC.partnerD.survivor23.A.decoratedB.dugC.sweptD.blocked24.A.awardB.adviceC.payD.leave25.A.wanderedB.thoughtC.worriedD.forgot26.A.managedB.happenedC.pretendedD.refused27.A.orderedB.stressedC.requestedD.applied28.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.YetD.Thus29.A.EvenifB.NowthatC.IncaseD.Eversince30.A.regretB.amazementC.creditD.disappointment31.A.palerB.heavierC.strangerD.thinner32.A.amusementB.confidenceC.confusionD.annoyance33.A.discoveredB.revivedC.appreciatedD.created34.A.placeB.floorC.stepD.stage35.A.wastedB.floorC.treasuredD.explored【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D26.A27.C28.D29.A30.C31.B32.B33.D34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个来自罗马南部，名叫Tony的人，通过为作者修剪草坪和打扫卫生为自己挣取学费，成为一名艺徒学校的学员，最终获得成功的故事。 【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很难理解他蹩脚的英语。A.broken破碎的；B.fluent流利的；C.standard标准的；D.simple简单的。根据上文“Itwashardtounderstand”以及下文“hesaidagain”可推知，此处指Tony的英文说的不流利，很难理解。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我请不起园丁。A.designer设计师；B.gardener园丁；C.partner合伙人；D.survivor幸存者。根据上文“Imowyourlawn”可推知，此处指作者认为Tony是一名园丁。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天晚上我回到家时，草坪被修剪了，人行道也被清扫了。A.decorated装饰；B.dug挖掘；C.swept清扫；D.blocked堵塞。根据上文“thelawnhadbeenmowed,thewalks”可推知，此处指Tony清扫了道路。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子都觉得奇怪的是，他没有向我要工资。A.award奖励；B.advice建议；C.pay报酬；D.leave假期。根据上文“Icouldn’taffordagardener”以及“itstrangethathehadnotaskedfor”可推知，此处指Tony没有向作者索要报酬。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几天很忙，我把他忘了。A.wandered闲逛；B.thought认为；C.worried担心；D.forgot忘记。根据上文“Thenextfewdayswerebusy”可知，作者很忙，所以此处指作者忙得忘了有关Tony的事。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他设法为他算出了每周的一小笔工资。A.managed设法；B.happened出现；C.pretended假装；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“toworkoutsomesmallweeklypayforhim”可推知，此处指作者用自己的方法向Tony支付报酬。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tony请求道。A.ordered命令；B.stressed强调；C.requested请求；D.applied应用。根据上文“whenwintercome,letmecleanthesnowinthefactory”可推知，此处指Tony请求作者让他负责扫雪。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，Tony得到了他的工作。A.However然而；B.Instead相反；C.Yet还；D.Thus因此。根据上文“letmecleanthesnowinthefactory”以及下文“Tonygothisjob ”可推知，上下文呈因果关系，表示Tony因为自己的请求得到了他的工作。故选D项。【29题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：即使我们有一个很好的学徒学校培训工人，我也怀疑他是否能读懂图纸。A.Evenif尽管；B.Nowthat既然；C.Incase以防、如果；D.Eversince自从。根据下文“wehadagoodapprenticeschooltraininglaborers”以及“Idoubtedwhetherhecouldevenreadblueprints”可推知，作者认为即使他们有个很好的学徒学校培训工人，还是怀疑Tony读不懂图纸。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：值得赞扬的是，他毕业时成了一名出色的磨工。A.regret遗憾；B.amazement惊奇；C.credit赞扬；D.disappointment失望。根据下文“hegraduatedasakilledgrinder”可推知，此处指Tony毕业时成了一名出色的磨工，这是一件值得赞扬的事。短语“toone’scredit”意为“值得赞扬”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约两年后，Tony出现在我们经常见面的地方，他比以前胖多了，一副自信的样子。A.paler苍白的；B.heavier更重的；C.stranger奇怪的；D.thinner更薄的。根据上文“extremelythin”以及下文“thanheusedtobe”可知，Tony原来非常瘦，从而推知，此处指他比以前胖了。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约两年后，Tony出现在我们经常见面的地方，他比以前胖多了，一副自信的样子。A.amusement可笑；B.confidence自信；C.confusion困惑；D.annoyance烦恼。根据下文“Hehadhisownhouseandacutefamily!”可知，Tony家庭幸福，所以他看起来应该十分自信。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：但他没有找到它——他自己创造了它。A.discovered发现；B.revived复活；C.appreciated欣赏；D.created创造。根据上文“Buthedidnotfindit”以及下文“ithimself”和“succeededfinally”可推知，此处指Tony自己创造了梦想，获得了成功。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tony不是从一楼开始努力的。A.place地点；B.floor楼层；C.step步伐；D.stage阶段。根据下文“Hebeganinthebasement.”可推知，此处指Tony十分努力，将他的努力形容为从地下室开始，而非从一楼开始。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有浪费任何时间，最终获得了成功。A.wasted浪费；B.floor使惊奇；C.treasured珍藏；D.explored探索。根据上文“Allhehadwere24hoursaday.”以及下文“noneofthemand succeeded”可推知，同样都是一天24小时，此处指Tony没有浪费任何时间，最终获得了成功。故选A项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sGrandCanal(大运河)Forcenturies,thepowerofChineseemperorsroseandfellwith____36____(they)controloftheGrandCanal.Today,thisimportantwaterwayisshorterthanitoncewas,____37____itisstillthelongestman-maderiverintheworldandcontinuestoplayanimportantculturaland____38____(economy)roleinmodernChina.Theoriginalcanalsystembeganaroundtheyear605,____39____Emperor-Yangrealizedthat-inordertofeedhisarmy--heneededawaytomovefoodquicklyfromChina’ssouthernrice-growingregiontothecountry’snorth.____40____(complete)in611,thecanalgrewmoreandmoreimportantthroughoutChinaoverthenext500years.In1279,KublaiKhanbegantorepairandbuildnewpartsofthecanal.Thisrebuildingworkcreatedamoredirectnorth-southroutetoandfromBeijing.Future____41____(rule)thencontinuedtoexpandandimprovethecanal.Inadditionto____42____(move)ricearoundChina,theGrandCanalwasalsoanimportantculturalwaterway.Ideas,regionalfoods,andculturalpracticesweretransportedfromonepartofChina____43____anotheralongthecounty’swateryhighway.Today,boatsstillcarrytonsofcoal,food,andothergoodstopointsbetweenHangzhouandJining.In2014,thehistoricGrandCanalwasmadeaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.It____44____(hope)thatGrandCanal,oneoftheworld’sgreatengineeringaccomplishments,willcontinuetolinknorthandsouthChinaforcenturies_____45_____(come).【答案】36.their37.but38.economic39.when40.Completed41.rulers42.moving43.to44.ishoped45.tocome【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国大运河的历史和作用。【36题详解】考查代词。句意：几个世纪以来，中国皇帝的权力随着他们对大运河的控制而起起落落。形容词性物主代词修饰名词control。故填their。 【37题详解】考查连词。句意：今天，这条重要的水道比以前短了，但它仍然是世界上最长的人工河流，在现代中国继续发挥着重要的文化和经济作用。根据句意可知，前后为转折关系。故填but。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，这条重要的水道比以前短了，但它仍然是世界上最长的人工河流，在现代中国继续发挥着重要的文化和经济作用。形容词economic修饰名词role。故填economic。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：最初的运河系统始于605年左右，当时隋炀帝意识到，为了养活他的军队，他需要一种方法将粮食从中国南部的水稻种植区快速运到中国北部。theyear605为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这条运河于611年完工，在接下来的500年里，运河在中国变得越来越重要。thecanal与complete在逻辑上是被动关系，所以空处为过去分词作状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Completed。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：后来的统治者继续扩建和改善运河。根据句意可知，表示统治者用“ruler”，为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，所以用复数形式。故填rulers。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：除了在中国各地运输大米外，大运河也是一条重要的文化水道。to为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填moving。43题详解】考查介词。句意：观念、地方食物和文化习俗沿着县里的水上公路从中国的一个地方传到另一个地方。from...to...“从……到……”为固定短语。故填to。【44题详解】考查时态语态。句意：人们希望，作为世界上最伟大的工程成就之一的大运河在未来几个世纪里继续连接中国的南北。itishopedthat“人们希望”为主语从句，it做形式主语。故填ishoped。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们希望，作为世界上最伟大的工程成就之一的大运河在未来几个世纪里继续连接中国的南北。根据句意，表示“未来几个世纪”，用动词不定式作后置定语，表示将要。故填tocome。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节书面表达(满分15分)46.你校英文报以”TheMostImpressChineseCityIhavevisited”为题征文，请你投稿。内容点如下:1.城市名及游览的时间:2.印象深刻的原因。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯TheMostImpressiveChineseCityIHaveVisited________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheMostImpressiveChineseCityIHaveVisitedOfallthecitiesIhavebeento,Chengduisundoubtedlythemostimpressiveone.IcannotforgeteveryminuteIspenttheretogetherwithmyparentslastsummer.Broughtintobeingabout3.000yearsago,Chengduisbotholdandmeantimeverymodernwithcleanandbroadstreets.Theweatherthereismildandpeoplearefriendly.Chengduisreallyaparadiseforfoodieslikeme.Iamamazedattheirfabulouswayofcookingvariouskindsofdeliciousfood.Whatismore,ChengduisveryclosetomanytoptouristdestinationslikeDuiangxan,Jiuzhaigouetc.InawordChengduiseverythingthatabeautifulcitycanbe.IfIcouldchoose,Iwishtobearesidentthere.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，考生所在校英文报以“TheMostImpressChineseCityIhavevisited”为题征文，请考生投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累惊讶的：astonished→amazed毫无疑问：withoutdoubt→undoubtedly总之：insummary→inaword难以置信的：incredible→fabulous2.句式拓展简单句变复杂句 原句：Iamamazedattheirfabulouswayofcookingvariouskindsofdeliciousfood.拓展句：Iamamazedatthefabulouswaythatvariouskindsofdeliciousfoodarecooked.【点睛】[高分句型1]IcannotforgeteveryminuteIspenttheretogetherwithmyparents（省略that引导的限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]IfIcouldchoose,Iwishtobearesidentthere.（if引导的条件状语从句）第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Duringthispastyear,I’vehadthreeinstancesofcartrouble.Eachtimethesethingshappened,Iwassickofthewaymostpeoplehadn’tbotheredtohelp.Oneofthosetimes,IwasonthesideoftheroadforclosetothreehourswithmybigJeep.Iputsignsinthewindows,bigsignsthatsaidNEEDAJACK(千斤顶),andofferedmoney.Nothing.RightasIwasabouttogiveup,aMexicanfamilyinasmalltruckpulledover,andthefatherboundedout.Hesizedupthesituationandcalledforhisdaughter,whospokeEnglish.HeconveyedthroughherthathehadajackbutthatitwastoosmallfortheJeep,sowewouldneedsomethingtosupportit.Thenhegotasaw(锯子)fromthetruckandcutasectionoutofabiglogonthesideoftheroad.Werolleditoverandputhisjackontop,andwewereinbusiness.Istartedtakingthewheeloff,andthen,ifyoucanbelieveit,Ibrokehistireiron.Noworries:Hehandedittohiswife,andshewasgoneinaflashdowntheroadtobuyanewtireiron.Shewasbackin15minutes.Wefinishedthejob,andIwasaveryhappyman.Thetwoofusweredirtyandsweaty.Hiswifepreparedapotofwaterforustowashourhands.Itriedtoputa$20billintheman’shand,buthewouldn’ttakeit,soinsteadIwentuptothetruckandgaveittohiswifeasquietlyasIcould.Iaskedthelittlegirlwheretheylived.Mexico,shesaid.TheywereinOregonsoMommyandDaddycouldworkonafruitfarmforthenextfewweeks.Thentheywouldgohome.注意：1.续写词数应150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhenIwasabouttosaygoodbye,thegirlaskedifI’dhadlunch._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Aftertheyleft,IgotintomyJeepandopenedthepaperbag._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenIwasabouttosaygoodbye,thegirlaskedifI’dhadlunch.ItoldherIhadn’thadlunchbecauseI’dbeenwaitinghereforhelpfornearlythreehours.Thegirlsaidtheydidn’thaveluncheither.Shesuggestedtoherparentsthatwehavelunchtogether.Theirtruckhappenedtohavesomefoodandsomethingsforthepicnic.Soweatetogetherinavacantlotbythesideoftheroad.Duringthattime,ItoldaboutwhathadhappenedtomeandhowIfelt.TheysharedinterestingstoriesabouttheirlivesinMexicoandonfruitfarms.Afterlunch,thegirl’smotherputapaperbagoffruitinmyjeep.Ishowedmygratitudeagainandwesaidgoodbyetoeachother.Aftertheyleft,Igotintomyjeepandopenedthepaperbag.Therearesomedelicatefruitsinthepaperbag.IwassurprisedtofindthemoneyIhadquietlyleftthem.Atthesametime,therewasanotewrittenbyagirl,whichread“Weareveryhappytobeabletohelpyou.Wehaveencounteredmanydifficultiesandbeendisappointed.Butwemetalotofhelpfulpeople,whichmadeusfeelverywarm.Tohelpotherswithone’sownabilityisalsoakindofliftingafinger.Thebeautyoflifecomesfromtheseliftingafinger.Ihopeyouhaveagoodlifeandahappymood.”Thismademeverymoved,andIwouldtrymybesttohelpmorepeopleinthefuturetomakeourworldmorebeautifulandwarmer.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了去年作者汽车出现了三次故障，大多数人都懒得帮忙，作者对此感到很厌烦。有一次，他的汽车又出故障了。他在路边求助了接近3个小时，但是没有人停下来帮忙。就在打算放弃的时候，一个过路的墨西哥家庭停下来，提供了帮助。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“就在我要说再见的时候，女孩问我是否吃过午饭了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和墨西哥家庭一块儿吃午饭的过程。②由第二段首句内容“在他们离开后，我上了吉普车，打开纸袋。”可知，第二段可描写作者在这一家人离开后，在纸袋里发现什么，以及自己的感受。2.续写线索：吃午餐——交流——感谢——上车——发现东西——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①吃午餐：havelunch/It'stimeforlunch/eatlunch②交流：communicate/talk/chat③回家：gohome/returnhome/behome/comebackhome/gethome ④发现：find/discover/findout/spot情绪类①感谢：showingone’sappreciation/showone’sgratitude/begrateful②积极：positiveattitude/actpositively【点睛】[高分句型1]ItoldherIhadn’thadlunchbecauseI’dbeenwaitinghereforhelpfornearlythreehours.(由because引导的原因状语从句)[高分句型2].Butwemetalotofhelpfulpeople,whichmadeusfeelverywarm.(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型3]Tohelpotherswithone’sownabilityisalsoakindofliftingafinger.(不定式做主语)