上外翻译i笔记(第六讲、第七讲)

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1、第六讲英汉对比之思维与文化l汉语直观性强百褶裙pleatedskirt露背装haltertop回形针paperclipl汉语爱以具体比喻抽象蚕食nibbleOurarmywonasmoothandoverwhelmingvictory.我军势如破竹，打得敌军落花流水Wisdompreparesfortheworst;butfollyleavestheworstforthedayitcomes.智者未雨绸缪，愚者临渴掘井l中国人重整体，西方人重个体l汉语无主句、省略句居多l本体型思维和客体型思维Thethickcarpetkilledt

2、hesoundofmyfootsteps.我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点脚步声都没有l顺向思维与逆向思维afteryou,sir先生，您先请Butwearegettingaheadofthestory.但是我们正在讲后面的故事Allthedatementionedinthepaperhavebeenmovedbackintime.论文中提到的日期都提前了l语言观东方人言简意赅，西方人口若悬河东方人喜欢和谐，西方人喜欢争论l文化：Cultureiswhateverpeopledomonkeysdon’t.二、文化差异aswiseasanowl

3、猫头鹰dragon龙三、联想异同同：aswhiteassnow异：体壮如牛asstrongasahorse如鱼得水likeaducktowater多如牛毛asplentifulasblackberries水中捞月tofishintheair害群之马blacksheep挥金如土spendmoneylikewater画蛇添足gildthelily四、制度信仰世界观的差异intellectualvs.知识分子（没有实践经验的）individualismvs.个人主义（英雄主义）green：inexperienced;envy;environ

4、mentallyfriendly;money隐情，形容穷，不辞而别，形容喉咙疼Shefeltthatshemustnotyield,shemushgoonlivingherstraitened,humdrumlife.Thiswasherpunishmentforhavingmadeamistake.Shehadmadeherbed,andshemustlieonit.一、调整句子长度二、调整句子结构第七讲选义与选词Iworkedhardfornothing.work：工作、志愿工作、付出、解大便…Tompassed.pass：死了、

5、考试过了、没有叫牌、传球我需要一根粗绳子afatwoman,afatincome,bigfatapple,fatlandsl选义一：词性Likeattractslike物以类聚Likefather,likeson.有其父必有其子虎父无犬子上梁不正下梁歪Ilikejazzl选义二：搭配manandanimalmanandwomanofficersandmen官兵thebossandhismen老板和下属manandwife丈夫和妻子runacarrunafactoryrunshort用完runmessages送信runthestreet

6、流浪街头Evilnewsrunsfast.恶事传千里Theplayruns4weeks.这出戏连演四周runacrossafriend遇到一位朋友runforpresidency竞选总统runintodebts欠债runtotheextremeruntheriskof冒…的风险runathreadthroughaneedle’seye穿针引线thestreetrunsnorthimmediatereply立刻答复immediateboss顶头上司immediateneighbor近邻immediatefamily核心家庭nuclear

7、familyimmediateinterests直接利益本义：中间没有隔层thisisachallengetothelawthisposesachallengetologic这简直荒谬绝伦achallengetothegovernment’sauthority公然对抗政府权威achallengetoatheory对一项理论的质疑Ichallengemyownconclusion我重新考虑我的结论canyouproduceanyprooftochallengethefact你能拿出证据来否认这一事实吗thelocalpresschall

8、engedthelicenseofthedriver当地报纸要求吊销那个司机的驾驶执照l选义三：语境Wordsdon’thavemeanings;peoplehavemeaningsforwords.词本无义，义随人意N