revision of book 3 unit 5

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RevisionofBook3Unit5Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”（EnvironmentalandGeographicalSciences）话题篇章阅读一．完形填空解题技巧（4）除了前面谈到的利用上下文和固定搭配确定选项外，做完形填空时还必须考虑以下几点。〖HJ1.8mm〗1.考虑逻辑推理。将文章意思和我们原有的生活经验及常识结合起来进行简单的推理后再确定选项。如：Weweresoexcitedatthenewsthat，thatnight，wehadtrouble_____________.A.runningB.laughingC.sleepingD.breathing解析：生活经验告诉我们，晚上太兴奋了，有可能睡不着觉，所以选C。2.考虑词语复现。“词语复现”就是指在文章中可以直接找到的有些小题的正确答案。完形填空中词语复现的情况比较多见，所以同学们要擦亮眼睛，力争高分。如：(2008年广东卷)TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular，therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly...andinsomefolktalestheyarecruel...A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen解析：前面有fairies，后面有they，此处是典型的词语复现，答案为C。3.考虑语言结构。分析句子结构、句中之间的对比或对照关系、排比句、惯用句型等信息，可有效提高答题的命中率。如：(1)Ididn,trealizethatIhadbeencheated_____________Tomcamebackandtoldmethetruth.A.soB.thatC.whenD.until(2)(2008年辽宁卷)Itwasnotjust43Ihadbecomeanexpertatscrapingdirtstucktotheirwoodenfloor，orthatIhadlearnedexactlyhowtoplacetoysonthegirlsbeds.A．whyB.whatC.thatD.which解析：第（1）小题中包含惯用句型not...until，选D。第（2）小题中后面的orthat...告诉我们前面要填that，选C。4.考虑语篇标志。“语篇标志”是指那些表明语篇之间内在联系的词语，如表示结构层次的firstly，secondly，thirdly，lastly，finally；表示递进关系的besides,inaddition，whatsmore,further；表示因果关系的so,therefore，thus，because,as，since；表示时间关系的when，before，after，later,meanwhile；表示转折关系的but，however，although,ontheotherhand。解题时要利用这些语篇标志词，把握文章的脉络，作出最佳选择。如：(2008年全国卷)Firstofall，Irespectedhisdevotiontoteaching...43，Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalk...Finally，Iwasattractedbyhislivelysenseofhumor.A．LaterB.SecondlyC.HoweverD.Therefore解析：前有Firstofall,后有Finally,中间应该是过渡词Secondly，选B。答案：B◆活学活用7 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。WhenAlicestartedtocyclehomefromJenny’Shouse，shewasn’tnervous．ButhalfwaYthere，shebegantowishthatshehadn’tbeenSo1．Assheroundedasharpbend．itsuddenlygrewcold—verycoldanditbecame2toride．Withherheartbeatingfast．she3sohardtomoveforwardthatshedidn’thearthecarwhichsuddenlyappearedbesideher．Slowly，thepassenger-windowbegantoslidedown．Aliceheldherbreath．Inthesoftlightinsidethecar，something4．Then，thelightbrightenedandAlicewasstaringatasweet．Grey-hairedoldlady．“Hello，dear，”saidtheoldlady．“Ineed5．I'mafraidI'mlost．Ineedtofindthenearestairport．Imustbethereinthenextfiveminutes．”“Airport?You6arelost．”Alicesaid．“Youneedtogoback15kilometerstothemainhighway．Fromthere，justfollowthe7totheairport．ButI’mafraidthere’s8you’llgetthereinfiveminutes!”“Thankyou，dear,”repliedtheoldlady．“Don’tworry—I'llmakeitintime．”The9movedupandthecarstartedoff．Alittlewayahead，it10andwithheadlightsflashing，itdrovepastAlice．Butthen，something11happened．Thecarbeganchanging．First，itscolor12fromblacktosilvery—grey．Then，thewheelsbegandisappearing，butthecarcontinuedtomoveforward，13justabovetheground．Asthecar14intothedarksky，thebigredtail-lightsgrewlargerandlargerandglowedmoreandmorebrightly．Withafaintwhistlingsound，thecarwasgoneinseconds，leavingAlice15herheadindisbelief…1．A．braveB．excitedC．curiousD．stubborn2．A．interestingB．comfortableC．hardD．impossible3．A．struggledB．droveC．thoughtD．walked4．A．gatheredB．existedC．droppedD．moved5．A．helpB．gasC．restD．water6．A．necessarilyB．normallyC．basicallyD．certainly7．A．addressB．signsC．noticesD．guidance8．A．nodoubtB．noroomC．notimeD．noway9．A．doorB．windowC．headlightD．wheel10．A．passedB．rushedC．turnedD．continued11．A．strangeB．sensitiveC．imaginableD．horrible12．A．developedB．appearedC．SpreadD．faded13．A．rollingB．floatingC．drawingD．flashing14．A．pointedB．returnedC．brokeD．rose7 15．A．turningB．lowingC．shakingD．nodding二．语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)Longbefore,therewasalargemountainside,whererestedaneagle'snestwithfourlargeeagleeggs.Oneday31earthquakerockedthemountain,causingoneoftheeggstorolldownthemountaintoachickenfarm32(locate)inthevalleybelow.Thechickenswerekindenoughtocarefortheeagle'segg,andanoldhenvolunteeredtonurture(哺育)andraisethelargeegg.Oneday,theegghatchedandabeautifuleaglewasborn.Sadly,33,theeaglewasraisedtobeachicken.Soon,theeaglebelievedhewasnothingmore34achicken.Theeaglelovedhispresentfamily,buthisspiritcriedout35more.Whileplayingonthefarmoneday,theeaglehappenedtonoticeagroupofmightyeaglessoaringintheskies."Oh,"theeaglecried,"IwishIcouldsoarlikethosebirds."Thechickensroaredwith36(laugh),“Youcannotsoarwiththosebirds.Youareachickenandchickensdonotsoar."Theeaglecontinuedstaringathisrealfamilyupabove,37(dream)thathecouldbewiththem.Eachtimetheeaglewouldlethisdreams38(know),hewastolditcouldn'tbedone.Thatis39theeaglelearnedtobelieve.Theeagle,aftertime,stoppeddreamingandcontinuedtolivelikeachicken.Finally,afteralonglifeasachicken,theeaglepassedaway.Youbecomewhatyoubelieveyouare.So,ifyoueverdreamofbecominganeagle,follow40dreams...notthewordsofachicken.三.如何做好推理判断题（1）◆方法点拨1．阅读目标：领会作者的言外之意。2．阅读技巧:细读——总结3．具体做法：根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例子进行综合分析和合理判断,得出结论。4．注意事项：以文章所提供的事实为依据，进行合乎情理的推论，不能凭借自己的主观想法，固执己见。5．设题方式常有：（1）Wecaninfer/concludefromthetextthat...（2）Theauthorseemstosuggest...（3）Itisimpliedinthepassagethat...DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates,coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevel,andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.　　LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplace“Tomesha”—thelandoffire.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849,whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonument(纪念碑)andiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservices7 canbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplace.　　Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprising,almostlikethesightsonthemoon,ever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandabout,showingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevil’sGolfCourse,whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculptures(沙雕)standonafrighteningground,aseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.一．根据所读短文，选择最佳选项（注意黑字体的）　　1._______isthelowestplaceinthedesert.　　A.TomeshaB.DeathValley　C.NevadaD.Badwater　　2.Thenameofthevalleycomesfrom_______.　　A.anIndiannameB.thedeathoftheminers　　C.thelocalpeopleD.aNationalMovement　　3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_______.　　A.noonehadeverknownthedesertbeforetheminers　　B.it’sstillnoteasytotravelacrossthedesert　　C.peoplecanfindgas-stations,cafesandhotelsinthedesert　　D.peoplehavechangedthenaturalsightofthedesert　　4.DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor_______.　　A.thefrequentwindB.thecolorsofthesand　　C.dream-likesightsD.thesandsculptures　　5.Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter_______theDeathValley.　　A.appreciatesB.isfearfulofC.dislikesD.istiredof二．理解长难句（看文章划线部分）7 翻译句子：DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates,coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.【答案解析】一.本文讲述的是主人公在回家路上的一次奇遇。文章充满紧张与神秘的气氛。1．答案：A。A勇敢；B兴奋；C好奇；D固执。前文说主人公wasn’tnervous，后文but语意转折，而且从下文的描述，如withherheartbeatingfast，heldherbreath等均可看出作者的紧张和害怕的心情。因此，这里应该指后悔不应该如此“勇敢”。2．答案：C。天气突然变冷，理应使骑车变得“艰难”，下一句“shestruggledsohardtomoveforward”也是答案的依据之一。3．答案：A。A努力；B开车；C思考；D走路。根据前文，主人公是骑自行车回家，且天气突然变冷使骑车更加“艰难”，应该是努力向前。4．答案：D。A聚集；B存在；C掉了；D移动。车中的something对应指的是后文的oldlady，所以填moved。5．答案：A。A帮助；B汽油；C休息；D水。后文oldlady说自己迷路了(lost)，所以是需要help。6．答案：D。A必要地；B正常地；C基本地；D当然。后文“我”的回答表明对方远远偏离目标。所以选certainly，表示“你确实迷路了”。7．答案：B。A地址；B路标；C通知；D指导。句意为“按照路标就可以到飞机场了”。8．答案：D。nodoubt毫无疑问；noroom没有空间；notime没时间；noway不可能。C选项看似正确但整句话矛盾(你没时间在5分钟内到达)。而A项与本句的“ButI'mafraid”语气相悖。9．答案：B。A门；B窗；C车头灯；D车轮。对应前文的slidedown得知是车窗摇下来了，所以这里对应up的应该是车窗window，“车窗又摇上去了”。10．答案：C。A通过；B猛冲；C掉头／转弯；D继续。前文“我”建议oldlady要goback，所以这里对应车子要掉头才对，并且“itdrovepast7 Alice”马上验证了这一点。所以选turn。11．答案：A。A奇怪；B敏感；C幻想的；D恐怖的。根据后文，车开始变形，选strange。12．答案：D。A发展；B出现；C传播；D褪色。后文说从black(黑色)变成了silvery-grey(银灰)，颜色由深变浅，所以答案选D。13．答案：B。A滚动；B漂浮；C拖拉；D闪动。根据文章，是车子的轮子不见了，车子漂浮在地面上继续向前。14．答案：D。A指向；B返回；C闯入；D升人空中。文中意思，车子飞起升上天空。15．答案：C。主人公觉得眼前的景象不可思议，于是不可置信地“摇头”。关键线索是indisbelief，其他的“转头”、“低头”、“点头”都不能表达disbelief的情景。二.31.an地震earthquake第一次出现，而且以元音开头，所以用不定冠词an32.located后置定语，相当于whichwaslocatedinthevalleybelow.33.however表转折，前一句提到孵化出来的是鹰，而后一句却把它当小鸡养34．than考查nothingmorethan，仅仅,只不过35．for考查cryoutfor，迫切需要36．laughter介词with接名词37．dreaming非谓语动词做状语38．beknown/known它使自己的梦想给大家知道，dreams做主语，所以用被动语态，而let后接动词原形,或者letsthdone39．what表语从句，从句believe缺宾语，因此填what。40．your名词dream需要限定词修饰，因为主语是you，因此填物主代词your注：不符合答案的，不能得分。　　三．本文介绍了美国的一个著名沙漠——“死亡谷”名称的由来以及“死亡谷”奇特的风光。　　1.D.细节题。根据…andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates可推知此题答案为D。　　2.B.推断题。根据…whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory…可知“死亡谷”的名称来源于这些迷路矿工的死亡。　　3.C.推断题。根据…well-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily…可以判断C为最佳答案。7 　　4.C.细节题。根据…whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams可推知答案为C。　　5.A.推断题。根据thespecialbeautyofthisplace…likethesightsonthemoon…ever-changing…showingthemostunusualcolors等关键词语可以知道作者是带着赞赏的语气来描述“死亡谷”的。7