1、比较结构的翻译技巧英语中的比较句式建构庞大,复杂多变,往往差之毫厘,谬以千里。它包括比较级,强化式比较,否定式比较,选择式比较,递增或递减式比较。 一、比较级(comparativedegree) 在比较级中,有超越、相等、差逊三个级别。 1.超越(superiority) (1)better than:胜过,优于 Doing is better than saying.(百说不如一做。) (2)morethan+从句。多余,超过 She has talked m
2、ore thanwhat is necessary.(她说了一些多余的话) (3)“than+关系代词”的从句。再……不过。 He is a scholar than whom no man ever will be more honest. (他是个再诚实不过的学者了。) (4)superior to:占优势,比……胜一筹。 He is superior to his elder brother.(他比他哥哥强) 2.相等(equality) (1) as…
3、 as. 如……一样。 As busy as a bee.(忙得不可开交) (2) as well as。既……又,和……一样。 Pompey,as well as Caesar,wasa great man. (像恺撒一样,庞培也是一位伟人。) (3) the same as….像……一样。 The same as the past.(一如从前。) (4) such/so…as.像……一样。 Such agreat poet
4、 as Homer was proficient not justinliterature but alsoinhistory. (像荷马那样的诗人,不仅要精通文学,还要精通历史。) (5) nosooner than..一……就(几乎同时,夸张用法)。 No sooner said than done.(说到做到。) (6) No more than. 就像,不优于。 You’re no more capable of speaking French than I am
5、. (你我都不会说日语。)(7) No less than. 就像,不次于。 Technology is noless important than market. (技术和市场同样重要。) (8) 否定代词+more than(else than, other than)。than是介词,只不过……而已。 This is no other than myself. (这人就是我。) 3.差逊(inferiority) (1)inferio
6、r to.比……差,逊于…… Sheinto some degreeinferior tohim in literary. (她比他在文学上稍逊风骚。) (2)less than..少于,不到 Itrains lessin Jinan than in Hangzhou. (济南的降雨比杭州少。) (3)“差逊”中的形容词或副词可以转换成反义词,再按“超越”的路子来翻译,这在翻译中叫做“词义的转换”。(conversion of acceptation) The
7、 sky started togrow lighter and theshadow in thelittle town less dark.. (天色渐渐发白,小镇里的阴影处也慢慢亮了起来。) 二、递增或递减(comparison of progressive and retrogressive degree) 1.最……最……。最高级……最高级。 Heis the best general who makes the fewest mistakes. (犯错最少的将军就是最好
8、的将军。) The cheapestis alwaysthe dearest. (最便宜的东西往往是最贵的) Theswee