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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）第一部分听力（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whodidthewoman’shair?A.Ahairdresser.B.Thewomanherself.C.Thewoman’smother.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday3.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttoworkwithTom?A.Tomtreatsthemanpoorly.B.Tomsaysalotbutdoesn’tdoverymuch.C.Tomisnotassmartastheman.4.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Disappointed.B.Confused.C.Pressured.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Continuestudying.B.Takeabreak.C.Takeamidterm.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaparkinglot.B.Onabusystreet.C.Inapolicestation.7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Thewomancalledthepolice.B.Themanwasdrivingthoughttheredlight.C.Thewomanintendedtotakealeftturn.听第7段材料，回答第8至第9两个小题。8.Whereisthewomannow?A.Inashop.B.Onatrain.C.Intheoffice.9.Whydoesthemanseemupset?A.Thesubwayistoocrowded.B.Thewomanforgottheappointment.C.Hedidn’tplantoeatalone.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkof3D?A.Heisexcitedaboutit.B.It’sbetterthanreality.C.It’sbadforeyes.11.WhydidthewomanfeelsickwhilewatchingAvatar? A.Sheatesomebadpopcorn.B.Shedidn’twearglasses.C.Shewastooclosetothescreen.12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoavoid?A.Livinginthefuture.B.WearingglasseswhilewatchingTV.C.SpendingtoomuchtimewatchingTV.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。听第10段材料，回答第17至第20两个小题。17.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketonight?A.Coldandwet.B.Cloudyanddry.C.Snowy.18.WhatdoesDavesuggestpeopledoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Flyakite.B.Skateonafrozenlake.C.Skionalowhill.19.Whatisthegeneralpatternofweatherfortheweek?A.Graduallyspeakingdrierandwarmer.B.Moresnowandrainastheweekgoeson.C.Warminthebeginningbutsuddenlygettingcolder.20.Whendoesthereportprobablytakeplace?A.Latefall.B.Earlywinter.C.Latewinter. 第二部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。21.---Isthereanythingelsetodiscuss?---________,Iguess.A.NotatallB.No,that’sallC.Yes,I’msure.D.Yes,ofcourse.22.Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeen____gradualprocessthroughout______humanexistence,fromstonetoolstomoderntechnology.A./,theB.the,aC.a,/D.a,a23.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit’sbetter_____silent.A.remainB.beremainingC.havingremainedD.toremain24.Imadeapromisetomyself_____thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how25.StudyingWendy’smenu,Ifoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilarto______ofMcDonald’s.A.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all26._____alltheanimalsI’veeverhad,thesetwodogsarethemostsensitivetothespokenword.A.FromB.OfC.ForD.With27.Your_____asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.A.operationB.growthC.performanceD.character28.IthinkTom,astheheadofabigdepartment,shouldeitherstudyregularlyor____hisjob.A.quitsB.toquitC.quittingD.quit29.Weliveinanage_____moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.A.whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich30Anyway,Ican’tcheathim---it’sagainstallmy_______.A.emotionsB.principlesC.regulationsD.opinions31.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready______foramealtobecooked.A.laidB.layingC.tolayD.beinglaid32.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey______veryeasilytonewenvironments.A.adaptB.appealC.attachD.apply33.I______inHangzhouformanyyears,butnowIliveinBeijing.A.havelivedB.liveC.hadlivedD.lived34.Brownsaidhewasbynomeansannoyed;______,hewasgladtobeabletomakehimselfclearlyunderstood.A.allinallB.foronethingC.onthecontraryD.bytheway35.Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcan____preparingyourbusinessplan.A.setoutB.setaboutC.setoffD.setup36.---Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.---Don’tworry.You____haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may37.Try_____shemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as38.Mikewasusuallysocareful,______thistimehemadeasmallmistake. A.yetB.stillC.evenD.thus39.---I’mgoingtoSanFranciscoforacoupleofdays.---_________.IwishIcouldgetawayforawhile.A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.Ican’tagreemoreC.IreallyenvyyouD.Forgetit40.InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing______developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41~60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingandretaining(留住)customers.Itsoundssimpleandachievable.But,41,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften42thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementofbeatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managers43becomecarriedaway.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness---44thatthecustomerremainsacustomer.45toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoneyannually.Ithasbeenestimatedthatthe46companylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomerseveryyear.Inconstantlychanging47,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshaveanyideahowmanycustomerstheyhavelost.Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptotheselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe48implications.49thenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig50initsperformance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseinthenumberofdefecting(流失的)customersledto51increasesofbetween25and85percent.IntheUS,Domino’sPizzaestimatesthataregularcustomeris52morethanfivethousanddollarsovertenyears.Acustomerwhoreceivesapoorqualityproductor53ontheirfirstvisitand54neverreturns,islosingthecompanythousandsofdollarsin55profits(moreifyouconsiderhowmanypeopletheyarelikelytotellabouttheirbadexperience).Thelogicbehindcultivatingcustomer56isimpossibletodeny.“Inpracticemostcompanies’marketingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers,withlittleattentionpaidto57them”,saysAdrianPayneofCornfieldUniversity’sSchoolofManagement.“Researchsuggeststhatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenretainingcustomersandmakingprofits.58customerstendtobuymore,arepredictableandusuallycostlesstoservicethannewcustomers.Furthermore,theytendtobelessprice59,andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit60forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.”41.A.inparticularB.inrealityC.atleastD.firstofall42.A.emphasizeB.doubtC.overlookD.believe43.A.tendtoB.contributetoC.appealtoD.devoteto44.A.denyingB.ensuringC.arguingD.proving45.A.MovingB.HopingC.StartingD.Failing46.A.averageB.ordinaryC.normalD.usual47.A.marketsB.tastesC.pricesD.expenses 48.A.culturalB.socialC.financialD.economical49.A.CuttingupB.CuttingthroughC.CuttinginD.Cuttingdown50.A.promiseB.planC.mistakeD.difference51.A.costB.opportunityC.profitD.budget52.A.worthyB.worthC.valueD.price53.A.serviceB.deliveryC.orderD.promotion54.A.asaresultB.onthewholeC.inconclusionD.onthecontrary55.A.hugeB.potentialC.extraD.reasonable56.A.beliefsB.loyaltyC.interestD.habits57.A.alteringB.understandingC.keepingD.attracting58.A.EstablishedB.AssumedC.RespectedD.Unexpected59.A.SensitiveB.friendlyC.flexibleD.agreeable60.A.unfairB.convenientC.difficultD.essential第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。AWhenIwassevenmyfathergavemeaTimex,myfirstwatch.Ilovedit,woreitforyears,andhaven’thadanotheronesinceitstoppedtickingadecadeago.Why?BecauseIdon’tneedone.IhaveamobilephoneandI’malwaysnearsomeonewithaniPodorsomethinglikethat.Allthesedevices（装置）tellthetime—whichiswhy,ifyoulookaround,you’llseelotsofemptywrists;salesofwatchestoyoungadultshavebeengoingdownsince2007.Butwhilethewisehaverealizedthattheydon’tneedthem,others—apparentlyincludingsomedistinguishedmenofourtime—arespendingtotalfortunesonthem.BrandssuchasRolex,PatekPhilippeandBreitlingcommandshockingprices,upto£250.000forapiece.Thisisridiculous.Expensivecarsgofasterthancheapcars.Expensiveclotheshangbetterthancheapclothes.Butthesedaysallwatchestellthetimeaswellasallotherwatches.Expensivewatchescomewithextrafunctions—butwhoneedsthem?Howoftendoyoudiveto300metresintotheseaorneedtofindyourdirectionintheareaaroundtheSouthPole?Sowhypaythatmuchoffiveyears’schoolfeesforwatchesthatallowyoutodothesethings?Ifjusticeweredone,theSwisswatchindustryshouldhavecloseddownwhentheJapanesediscoveredhowtomakeaccuratewatchesforafive-poundnote.InsteadtheSwissreinventedthewatch,withtheaidofmillionsofpounds’worthofadvertising,asamessageaboutthemanwearingit.Rolexesareforthosewhospendtheirweekendsclimbingicymountains;aPatekPhilippeisforonefromarichornoblefamily;aBreitlingsuggestsyouliketopilotplanesacrosstheworld.Watchesarenowclassifiedas“investments”(投资).A1994Philipperecentlysoldfornearly£350,000,while1960sRolexeshavegonefrom£15,000to£30,000plusinayear.Butawatchisnotaninvestment.It'satoyforself-satisfaction,amatteroffashion.Pricesmaykeepgoingup—they’vebeenrisingfor15years.Butwhenfashionmoveson,theownerofthat£350,000beautywillsuddenlyfindhisprideandjoyisnomoreagoodinvestmentthanmychildhoodTimex. 61.Itseemsridiculoustothewriterthat_______________. A.peopledive300metresintothesea B.expensiveclothessellbetterthancheapones C.cheapcarsdon’trunasfastasexpensiveones D.expensivewatcheswithunnecessaryfunctionsstillsell 62.WhatcanbelearntaboutSwisswatchindustryfromthepassage? A.It’shardfortheindustrytobeatitscompetitors. B.Ittargetsrichpeopleasitspotentialcustomers. C.Itwastesahugeamountofmoneyinadvertising. D.It’seasyfortheindustrytoreinventcheapwatches. 63.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage? A.Watches?NotforMe! B.MyChildhoodTimex C.TimexorRolex? D.Watches—aValuableCollectionBHomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.WhattoExpectThehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.AccommodationZonesHomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3and4ofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncenterasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential（居住的）.Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyUnderground.MealPlansAvailable♢ContinentalBreakfast♢BreakfastandDinner♢Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinnerIt’simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal(谷物类食品),breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydesert,fruitandcoffee. 64.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Zone4ismorecrowdedthanZone2.B.Hostsdisliketravellingtothecitycentre.C.ThebusinesscentreofLondonisinZone1.D.Accommodationinthecitycenterisnotprovided.65.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesContinentalBreakfastinclude?A.Dessertandcoffee.B.Breadandfruitjuice.C.Fruitandvegetables.D.Centreandcoldmeat.66.Whydosomepeoplechooseself-cateringaccommodation?A.Toexperienceawarmerfamilyatmosphere.B.ToenrichtheirknowledgeofEnglish.C.Toenjoymuchmorefreedom.D.Toentertainfriendsastheylike.CTheneedtofeedagrowingpopulationisputtingmuchpressureontheworld'ssupplyofwater.With97%oftheworld'swatertoosaltytobedrunkorusedinagriculture,theworldwidesupplyofwaterneedscarefulmanagement,especiallyinagriculture.Althoughtheideaofawatershortage(短缺)seemsstrangetosomeonefortunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountry,manyoftheworld'sagriculturalindustriesexperienceconstantwatershortages.Althoughdamscanbebuilttostorewaterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons,thecostsofwaterredistribution(重新分配)areveryhigh.Notonlyistherethecostoftheengineeringitself,butthereisalsoanenvironmentalcosttobeconsidered.Wherevalleys(山谷)arefloodedtocreatedams,housesarelostandwildlifehomesdestroyed.Besides,watermayfloweasilythroughpipestofields,butitcannotbetransportedfromonesideoftheworldtotheother.Eachcountrymustthereforerelyonthemanagementofitsownwatertosupplyitsfarmingrequirements.Thisisparticularlytroublingforcountrieswithagriculturalindustriesinareasdependentonirrigation(灌溉).InTexas,farmers'overuseofirrigationwaterhasresultedina25%reductionofthewaterstores.IntheCentralValleyareaofsouthwesternUSA,ahugewaterengineeringprojectprovidedwaterforfarmingindryvalleys,butmuchofthewaterusehasbeenpoorlymanaged.SaudiArabia'sattemptstogrowwheatindesertareashaveseenthepumpingofhugequantitiesofirrigationwaterfromundergroundreserves.Becausethereisnorainfallintheseareas,suchreservescanonlydecrease,anditisbelievedthatfiftyyearsofpumpingwillseethemrundry.67.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Waystoreducethecostsofbuildingdams.B.Stepstoimprovingwaterusemanagement.C.Measurestodealwithworldwidewatershortages.D.Approachestohandlingthepressureonwatersupply.68.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat________.A.muchoftheworld'swaterisavailableforuseB.peopleinhighrainfallcountriesfeellucky C.thecostsofwaterredistributionshouldbeconsideredD.watercanbeeasilycarriedthroughpipesacrosstheworld69.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.watersupplyandincreasingpopulationB.watershortagesandenvironmentalprotectionC.waterredistributionandwildlifeprotectionD.waterusemanagementandagricultureDBook1ElixirwrittenbyEricWaltersTwelve-year-oldRothbecomesafriendofDr．Bantingandhisassistant,Mr．Best,whoareinsearchofacurefordiabetes（糖尿病）．ShefindsherselftornbetweenhersympathyfortheanimalsbeingexperimentedonandherfriendshipwithBantingandBest．Book2GeorgeWashingtionCarverwrittenbyElizabethMacleodMeetthe“Peanut（花生）Specialist”,GeorgeWashingtonCarver,theinventorandprofessorwhomadeover325productsoutofpeanuts．Throughhisagriculturalresearch,healsogreatlyimprovedthelivesofcountlessblackfarmersinthesouthernUnitedStates．SeealsoMacleod’sAlbertEinstein:ALifeofGenius.Book3TheInuitThoughtofIt:AmazingArcticInnovationswrittenbyAlootookIpellie&DavidMacDonaldExploremorethan40ideasnecessarytoInuitsurvival．Fromideasfamiliartoustodaytoinventiveconceptsthatshapedtheirlives,celebratethecreativityofaremarkablyintelligentpeople．Alsoseeotherbooks:TheChineseThoughtofItbyTingxingYeandANativeAmericanThoughtofItbyRockyLandonandDavidMacDonald．Book4MadeinCanada:101AmazingAchievementswrittenbyBevSpencerWhatthingsdoweusedailythathaveaCanadianconnection?Hereare101commonthingsthatwereinventedinCanadaorbyaCanadian,includingtheBlackberry,alkaline（碱性）batteriesandtheBlueBoxrecyclingprogram．Book5NewtonandtheTimeMachinewrittenbyMichaelMcGowanTen-year-oldboyNewtonhasinventedatimemachinetoseedinosaursupclose．Butitdisappearsonatestrunwithhistwohugefriends,KingHerbertandQueenCertrude,init!Canhesavethembeforetimerunsout?70.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRoth’sfeelinginBook1?A.Painful.B.Curious.C.Frightened.D.Disappointed.71.InBook5,KingHerbertandQueenGertrudeare_______.A.thenamesofthetimemachineB.Newton’shumanfriendsC.twodinosaursD.theinventorsofthetimemachine72.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AlkalinebatterieswereinventedbyDr.Banting.B.Book3introduces40inventiveconcepts.C.AnimalsarementionedinBook1andBook5. D.GeorgeWashingtonCarverwasablackfarmerintheUS.EIfwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryear,theyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomaniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear. Changingfashionsarenothingmorethantheintentionalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendvastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Womenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;neck－linesareloweredorraised,andsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,aslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn’tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhigh－heeledshoes. Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Doestheconstantlychangingfashionofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofinstability?Menaretooclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangedstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?Thatisforyoutodecide.73.Thewriterwouldbelesscriticaliffashiondesignersplacedmorestressontheofclothing___.A.comfortB.appearanceC.costD.suitability74.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？A.Fashiondesignsshouldnotbeencouragedsincetheyareonlywelcomedbywomen.B.Theconstantchangesinwomen'sclothingreflecttheirstrengthofcharacter.C.Thefashionindustrymakesanimportantcontributiontosociety.D.Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedforthecommercialexploitationofwomen.75.Bysaying“theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious”,thewritermeansthat_____.A.women’sinconstancyintheirchoiceofclothingisoftenlaughedatB.womenarebetterabletoputupwithdiscomfortC.menarealsoexploitedgreatlybyfashiondesignersD.menaremorereasonableinthematteroffashion第四部分：单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）76.Shetookayear’sleaveofa____________fromherjob.77.Sunshineisb_____________toplants.78.Shewasa____________becauseherboyfrienddidn’tnotsendshortmessagestoher.79.Inourschool,everystudenthasfreea___________tothelibrary.80.Whyhasyourfellowstudents’c____________changedtowardsyou?81.Onemorninghisstepmothera______________himtoschool,whichseldomhappenedandmovedhim alot.82.Thereisnoneedforyoutohaves______________forthosekids,astheyareallwrongdoers83.Davidfeltverye______________whenhefoundhedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayforthedinnerbeforehisfriends.84.Hismotherisane_____________lady,whohashadagoodeducationandisalwaysdressedinthelatestParisfashion.85.Tothes_______________ofhisparents,LiFengwasadmittedintoHongKongUniversitythisSeptember.第五部分：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 参考答案
