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1、TheGoalEliyahuM.GoldrattAProcessofOngoingImprovementJeffCox1AbouttheTheoryofConstraintsEliGoldratt'sTheoryofConstraintsisbeingusedbythousandsofcorporations,andistaughtinover200colleges,universitiesandbusinessschools.Hisbookshavesoldover3millioncopiesandhavebeentranslatedinto23la
2、nguages.2TheTheoryofConstraintsTheTheoryofConstraints(TOC)isanoverallphilosophydevelopedbyDr.EliyahuM.Goldratt,usuallyappliedtorunningandimprovinganorganization.TOCconsistsofProblemSolvingandManagement/Decision-MakingToolscalledtheThinkingProcesses(TP).TOCisappliedtologicallyand
3、systematicallyanswerthesethreequestionsessentialtoanyprocessofongoingimprovement:改进什么？Whattochange?改成什么样子？Whattochangeto?如何使改进得以实现？Howtocausethechange?3TheTheoryofConstraintsMorespecificusesoftheThinkingProcessescanbeusedtosignificantlyenhancevitalmanagementskills,suchas:win-win
4、conflictresolutioneffectivecommunicationteambuildingskillsdelegationempowerment4TheTheoryofConstraintsFamousforspectacularresults,theuseofTOChasresultedinProvenSolutionscreatedbyapplyingtheThinkingProcesses(TP)inspecificfunctionalareassuchasSales,Marketing,Logistics,Finance,Acco
5、unting,EngineeringandProjectManagement.Manyofthesesolutionsarediscussedindetailinthebooks:TheGoal,TheRace,It'sNotLuckandCriticalChain.5TheTheoryofConstraintsTOCrecognizesthattheoutputofanysystemthatconsistsofmultiplestepswheretheoutputofonestepdependsontheoutputofoneormoreprevio
6、usstepswillbelimited(orconstrained)bytheleastproductivesteps.Inotherwords,asparaphrasedinTheGoal,thestrengthofanychainisdependantuponitsweakestlink.6TheTheoryofConstraintsWheremanufacturingisconcerned,TOCpostulatesthatthegoalistomake(more)money.Itdescribesthreeavenuestothisgoal:
7、IncreaseThroughputReduceInventoryReduceOperatingExpenseAsDr.Goldrattnotes,theopportunitiestomakemoremoneythroughreductionsininventoryandoperatingexpensearelimitedbyzero.TheopportunitiestomakemoremoneybyincreasingThroughput,ontheotherhand,areunlimited.7TheTheoryofConstraintsWhere
8、manufacturingisconcerned,TOCpostulatesthatthego
