孙丽丽论文(正文)

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AStudyonCharlotteBronte，sFemaleConsciousnessinJaneEyreAThesisSubmittedtotheSchoolofForeignLanguagesShenyangNormalUniversityInPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofBachelorofArtsBy孙丽丽UndertheSupervisionofLecturer谢凝April2011 AbstractCharlotteBronteisaremarkablefemalewriterinthe19thcentury.HermasterpieceJaneEyrereceivedcomprehensiveattentionandreceptionafteritpublished.JaneEyreisthemostpopularoneamongherbooksforitsspirituallyattractiveCinderella-likeheroineinlovestory.Theheroine,JaneEyre,isapassionatewomanfullofaffection,whichisunseasonableinherage.Firstofall,thethesisgivesallintroductiontothetheoryoffeminismintheliterarysndthewakenessofwomeninVictoriantimesabouttheirsocialstatus,right,freedom,etc.ThispaperalsogivesabriefreviewonCharlotteBronte'slifeexperienceandherviewofpointasafeministfromthenovelbecausetheheroineJaneEyreembodiesCharlotteBronte^spersonalityandsharesmuchinconmmonwiththefemaleconsciousness.KeyWords:JaneEyre^CharlotteBronte,femaleconciousness夏洛蒂•勃朗特是十九世纪英国杰出的女作家，她的代表作《简•爱》自出 版以来受到读者和文学评论者的广泛关注和欢迎。从很大程度上讲，《简•爱》被认为是作者的心理历程的自传体小说。夏洛蒂把自己的很多的人生经历和性格特点都赋予了她作品屮的女主人公一简•爱。外表平平、孤独贫苦、无依无靠的简•爱在作品伊始就一直处于社会的边缘地位，因而经历了一个漫长的确定自己女性意识的痛苦的心理历程。此篇论文旨在从女性主义的角度，通过对作品中女主角简•爱和作者本身的分析，揭示这部小说中所反映的维多利亚时期女性性别意识的觉醒和当时女性的社会地位、权利以及自由等等。同时木文也透过勃朗特自身的经历，从而了解到作为一个女性主义者，她是如何将女主人公的性格以及女性意识与自身紧密相结合的。关键词：《简爱》，夏洛蒂•勃朗特，女性意识ContentsAbstractinEnglishIAbstractinChineseIILIntroduction1A.AbriefintroductiontoCharlotteBronte^sJaneEyre1.AbriefintroductiontoCharlotteBronte12.AbriefintroductiontoJaneEyre2B.Thepurposeofthispaper3C.Thesignificanceandlimitations3ILFemaleconsciousnessintheEnglishliteratureA.FemaleconsciousnessintheEnglishliterature51.Thedefinitionoffemaleconsciousness52.Thedevelopmentoffemaleconsciousness5 A.Theresearchonthefemaleconsciousnessinotherpeopledeyes6IILAStudyonCharlotteBronte?sfemaleconsciousnessinJaneEyre10A.AstudyonCharlotteBronte101.ThegrowingbackgroundofCharlotteBronte102.ThedevelopmentofCharlotteBronte'sfemaleconsciousness11B.TheAnalysisofCharlotteBronte^sJaneEyre121.Jane'smiserableexperience122.Jane9sdeterminationandpersonalityinthestruggleofloveandequality15C.ThecomparisonofJaneEyreandCharlotteBronte19IVeConclusion21A.Thesignificanceofthefemaleconsciousness21B.Femaleconsciousnessinthemodernsociety21WorksCited23Acknowledgements25 AStudyonCharlotteBronte，sFemaleConsciousnessinJaneEyreLIntroductionA.AbriefintroductiontoCharlotteBronte^JaneEyreLAbriefintroductiontoCharlotteBronteCharlotteBrontewasoneoftheproductiveEnglishwritersinthemiddleofthe19thcentury.ShehadsetamilestoneinthehistoryofEnglishwomenliteratureandherworkembodiedhereagernessforloveandfreedomandconsiderationtowardswomerfsdestiny.ShewasbominThornton,Yorkshire,thedaughterofanAnglicanclergyman.Afterthedeathofhermother,CharlottewasleftwithhersistersAnneandEmilyandherbrotherBranwelltothecareoftheirstrictlyreligiousAuntElisabeth.Duringasomewhatunhappychildhoodthechildrencreatedimaginaryworldsasanescapefromtheireverydaylife.SheattendedtheClergyDaughterSchoolatCowanBridgebutreturnedinthesameyearduetotheharshconditions,whichshelatersuggestedasthecauseofhereldersisters9deathsandherownmelancholia.In1839CharlottewasagovernesswiththeSidgwickfamilyatSkipton,andin1841withtheWhitefamilyatRawdon,howeverherattemptstoearnalivingasagovernesswereconstantlyhamperedbyherterribleshyness,herignoranceofchildrenandherIongingtobewithhersisters.JaneEyrewaspublishedin1847andachievedimmediatesuccess.Itisthestoryofapennilessorphanwhobecomesateacher,obtainsapostasagoverness,comesintoaninheritancefromanuncleandfinallymarriestheByronichero,clearlyreflectingan autobiographicalinfluence.In1854Charlottemarriedherfather^curate,ArthurBellNicholls.ShediedduringherpregnancyonMarch31stin1855.Overthepastfiftyyearsherreputationhasrisengreatly,andherworkhasbeenshowntospeakupforoppressedwomenofallages.2・AbriefintroductiontoJaneEyreDuringthe1800，s,theperiodinwhichJaneEyrewaswritten,womenwerejudgedonlybytwostandards:wealthandappearance.Thus,theyneverhadrightstodevelopamindoftheirown.CharlotteBronteestablishedakindofnewfeminineimagebycreatingaheroine,JaneEyre,whopossessednothingbeyondhercharacter.Shehasthepesistentpursuitforequalpersonalityandcompletelytrueloveasmendo.Herattractivecharacterhasinfluencedthousandsoffemalereadersallovertheworldintheirlife,mindandpassion.JaneEyreranksasoneofthegreatestandmostpopularworksofEnglishfiction.Althoughthepoorbutpluckyheroineisoutwardlyofplainappearance,Shepossessesanindomitablespirit,asharpwitandgreatcourage.Sheisforcedtobattleagainsttheexigenciesofacruelguardian,aharshemployerandarigidsocialorder.Allofwhichcircumscribeherlifeandpositionwhenshebecomesagovernesstothedaughterofthemysterious,sardonicandattractiveMrRochester.However,thereisgreatkindnessandwarmthinthisepiclovestory,whichissetagainstthemagnificentbackdropoftheYorkshiremoors.A.ThepurposeofthispaperThispapertriestoexplorethewriter^femaleconsciousnessembodiedinthese worksfromtheanthor^sexperience,theappearanceandthemaincharacterinthenovelJaneEyre.ItfocusonCharlotteBronte'sownlifeexperienceandherviewofpointasafeministbecausetheheroineJaneEyreembodiesCharlotteBronte^spersonalityandsharesmuchincommononthefemaleconsciousness.Firstofall,IwillstudyCharlotteBronte'slifeexperience,herviewasafeministfromthenovelandfemaleconsciousnessintheEnglishliteratureinthatperiod.Then,basingontheabovestudy,IwillstudythefemaleconciousnessofCharlotteBronteinhermasterpieceJaneEyre.Finally,IwillanalysethesignificanceofthefemaleconciousnessinCharlotteBronte'seyestotheEnglishliteratureandthestudyonthefeminism.Thepurposeofthispaperistogetabrand-newunderstandingoffeminismtheanthorwantstoexpressthroughfurtheranalysisofCharlotteBronteandherJaneEyre.A.ThesignificanceandlimitationsTheawakeningofwomenbeganinthe18thcentury.Withthewakenessofthefemaleconciousness,feminismflourishedandwasrootedinEnglandwhichhadatraditionalsenseofindependenceandfreedom.Infeminism,alargenumberofwomenwritersutilizedtheirliteraryworksastheweaponstofightagainstmasculinity.JaneEyre,anovelbyCharlotteBronte,waspublishedin1847.CharlotteBrontecreatedatypicalandsuccessfulfemaleimagethathasthecouragetorebelandfightforthefreedomandtheequality.Thispaperdoessomestudiesonthehistoryanddevelopmentofthefemaleconciousnessintheprocessofthefeminism.Andit intendstomakecontributtionstotheresearchofwomensstudiesandthecomprehensionofthefemaleconciousness.ThisthesisexaminesthenatureofCharlotteBronte^spioneeringliteraryfeminism,andboththepositiveandnegativecharacterizationsofJaneEyreinthetextrevealthewriter^feministvalueintheVictorianEngland.Italsodemonstratesthepositivedevelopmentoffemaleconsciousnessandthelimitationoffemaleconsciousnessinthemiddleof19lhcentury. FemaleconsciousnessintheEnglishliteratureA・FemaleconsciousnessintheEnglishliteraturel.ThedefinitionofthefemaleconsiousnessThefemaleconsciousnessisacollectionofsocialtheories,politicalmovements,andmoralphilosphieslargelymotivatedbyorconcernedwiththeliberationofwomen.Insimpleterms,feminismisthebeliefinsocial,politicalandeconomicequalityofthesexes,andamomentorganizedaroundthebeliefthatgendershouldnotbethepre-determinantfactorshapingaperson'ssocialidentityorsocial-politicaloreconomicinequalitybetweensexeswhichfavorsthemalegender,somehavearguedthatgenderedandsexedidentities,suchas“marf，and“womarTaresociallyconstructed.Feministsdisagreeoverthesourcesofinequality,howtoattainequality,andtheextenttowhichgender-basedidentitesshouldbequestionedandcritigued.Thefemaleconsciousnessiswoman'sself-consciousnessofstatus,influenceandvalueasthesubjectintheobjectiveworld.Itisapersonalmotivetostimulatewomerfspursuitforindependence,freedom,initiativeandcreativity.Concretelyspeaking,thefemaleconsciousnessmeanswomenwakeupandfulfilltheirhistoricalmissions,socialresponsibilities,personalobligations,meanwhiletheyknowtheirself-featureswellandtakepartinsocialactivitiesintheirownways.2.ThedevelopmentofthefemaleconsciousnessTheestablishmentanddevelopmentoffemaleconsciousnessaretheprocessofchangingandenrichmentwiththechangesanddevelopmentsofthesociety. Thestandardsofthefemaleconsciousness^statusarestillinresearch.PekingUniversityscholarsFuXinandWangSufangclaimedthatthewakeningandimprovementoffemaleconsciousnessmanifestinfourmainaspects:womenrealizethemselvesasthesubjectsinthesociety,thisrealizationisoneoftheuniversalattributesofhumanbeings,accordingtohumanbeings，overallnecessitiestoestablishtheirlivesspontaneously;theyrealizewomen5sspecialqualitiesandportrayarealfemalequalityinharmonywiththeirphysiologyandpsychology;theyunderstandandplayavarietyofrolesinbalance;theyregardsmanproperlyandcanworkwithmaninharmony.Ithinkthestandardsofwakeningshouldincludethesexconsciousness,whichrequireswomentobeself-respectiveandself-confidentbutnotself-abasedandself-flabby;theycantakeacorrectjudgmentonthetwosexes,insistingonsexualequality,butnotthemalesuperioritynorthefemaleinferiorityorwomansupremacists;thefemalegroupsconsciousness'awakeningbeginwithself-respect,self-confidence,independence,andtowardstofemalegroups，self-reliance.B.TheresearchonthefemaleconsciousnessinJaneEyreinotherpeople'seyesAnycriticismofaliteraryworkisajuxtapositionofindividualperceptionsandprevalentculturalorsocialvalues.WhenJaneEyrewaspublishedin1847,itbecameabestseller.Thereviewswereonthewholefavorable.TherewasmuchspeculationaboutwhetherthewriterwasamanorawomanandwhethertheBellswerereallythreepersons,twopersons, orjustoneperson.Whenitbecameknownthatawomanhadwrittensuchapassionatenovelandseemedsoknowingsexually,thereviewsbecamemorenegative.IntroducingWomenfsStudiespraisedthenovel:Thisisnotmerelyaworkofgreatpromise;itisoneofabsoluteperformance.Itisoneofthemostpowerfuldomesticromanceswhichhavebeenpublishedformanyyears.Ithaslittleornothingoftheoldconventionalstampuponit,butitisfullofyouthfulvigour,offreshnessandoriginality,ofnervousdictionandconcentratedinterest.Theincidentsaresometimesmelo-dramatic,and,itmightbeadded,improbable,buttheseincidents,thoughstriking,aresubordinatetothemainpurposeofthepiece,whichisataleofpassion,notofintensitywhichismostsublime.Itisabooktomakethepulsesgallopandtheheartbeat,andtofilltheeyeswithtears(Robinson,Victoria,1997)JaneEyreis,indeed,oneofthecoarsestbookswhichweeverperused.Itisnotthattheprofessedsentimentsofthewriterareabsolutelywrongorforbidding,orthattheoddsortofreligiousnotionswhichsheputsfortharemuchworsethanisusualinpopulartales.Itisratherthatthereisatendencytorelapseintothatclassofideas,expressions,andcircumstances,whichismostconnectedwiththegrosserandmoreanimalportionofournature;andthatthedetestablemoralityofthemostprominentcharacterinthestoryisaccompaniedwitheverysortofpalliationshortofunblushingjustification.SallyShuttleworth,whowroteCharlotteBronteandVictorianPsychology.assumedaconnectionbetweenunrestrainedpassionandpoliticalrebellion:JaneEyreis throughoutthepersonificationoftheunregenerateandundisciplinedspirit,themoredangeroustoexhibitfromthatprestigeofprincipleandself-controlwhichisliabletodazzletheeyetoomuchforittoobservetheinefficientandunsoundfoundationonwhichitrests.ItistrueJanedoesright,andexertsgreatmoralstrength,butitisthestrengthofamereheathenmindwhichisalawuntoitself.NoChristiangraceisperceptibleuponher.(SallyShuttleworth,1996)AltogethertheautobiographyofJaneEyreispreeminentlyananti-Christiancomposition.Thereisthroughoutamurmuringagainstthecomfortsoftherichandagainsttheprivationsofthepoor,which,asfaraseachindividualisconcerned,isamurmuringagainstGod'sappointment-thereisaproudandperpetualassertionoftherightsofman,forwhichwefindnoauthorityeitherinGod'swordorinGod'sprovidence—thereisthatpervadingtoneofungodlydiscontentwhichisatoncethemostprominentandthemostsubtleevilwhichthelawandthepulpit,whichallcivilizedsocietyinfact,hasatthepresentdaytocontendwith.Wedonothesitatetosaythatthetoneofmindandthoughtwhichhasoverthrownauthorityandviolatedeverycodehumananddivineabroad,andfosteredChartismandrebellionathomeisthesamewhichhasalsowrittenJaneEyre(CharlotteBronte,1847).Underlyingthisharshcriticsmisafearofsocialunrest.In1847,theworkingclasseswereorganizingpoliticalprotestsinEngland,aswellasontheContinent.TheChartists,regardedbytheaffluentclassesasrevolutionariesthreateningthefoundationofgovernmentandorder,weredemandingsuchrightsasthevoteforworkingmen,ashorterworkweek,andasecretballot.In1848,politicalprotest eruptedinsomanyrevolutionsontheContinentthathistorianscallittheYearofRevolutions. III.ThestudyonCharlotteBronte^sfemaleconsciousnessinJaneEyreA.AstudyonCharlotteBrontel.ThegrowingbackgroundofCharlotteBronteCharlotteBrontewasoneoftheproductiveEnglishwritersinthemiddleofthe19山century.ShehadsetamilestoneinthehistoryofEnglishwomenliteratureandherworkembodiedhereagernessforloveandfreedomandconsiderationtowardswomen'sdestiny.Allherachievementswouldattributetohergrowthenvironmentandfamilyeducation.CharlotteBrontewasbominapoverty-strickenfamily,growingupinaremotebackwardcountryfarfromcity,herfatherPatrickBrontewhowasbothcoldandviolent,andofagentle,anAnglicanclergymanofIrishbirth,educatedatCambridge.TheirsicklymotherdiedearlyleavingfivedaughtersandasontothecareofhersisterInAugust1824,CharlottewassentwiththreeofhersisterstotheClergyDaughters^SchoolwhichshewoulddescribeasLowoodSchoolinJaneEyre.Itspoorconditionspermannentlyaffectedherhealthandphysicaldevelopment,andhastenedthedeathsofhertwoeldersisterswhodiedoftuberculosissoonaftertheywereremovedfromtheschoolAthomeinHaworthParsonage,Charlotteandtheothersurvivingchildrenwereinfluncedbytheirfather'slibrary.In1839,CharlotteBrontehadchooser!thefirstofmanypositionsasgovernesstovariousfamiliesinYorkshire,acareershepursueduntil1841,and theseexperiencessuppliedherwithmaterialtomakethecharactersinhernovelsvividandlivelyespeciallyJaneEyre.InJune1854,CharlottemarriedArthurBellNicholls,herfather^curate.Shediedninemonthslaterduringherfirstpregnancy.Infact,CharlotteispresentingthroughthecharacterofJanesomeofherownmostdeeplyfeltconvictionsofpermanentimportanceinhumanlifesuchastherightofthehumblestpersontoaffection,self-realization,honestyandintegrity、therighttospeakoutfranklyandtheclaimsofmoralityandreligion.Asagreatbook,JaneEyrenotonlyawakensitsearlyreadersoftheVictorianAge,butalsostimulatesandencouragesmodernwomen'smovement.2.ThedevelopmentofCharlotteBronte^femaleconciousnessJaneEyrewaspublishedin1847,intheearlyyearsoftheVictorianperiod.TherevolutionaryfervoroftheRomanticperiodwasatbay.TheAmericanRevolutionwasalmostthree-quartersofacenturyinthepast;theFrenchRevolutionhasrunitscourse;theNapoleonicWarshadendedbeforeCharlotteBrontewasevenbom.LifeforCharlotteBronteinEnglandwasrelativelystable,witheveryoneknowinghisorherplaceinthesocialorderandmostpeopleacceptingthatplacewithoutpubliccomplaint.Theagitationforwomen'srightsthathadresultedfromtherevolutionaryideasthatallpeoplewereentitledtoequalopportunitieshadgoneunderground.Lateintheeighteenthcenturyproponentsofrightsforwomen,suchasMaryWollstonecrar,hadbeendiscreditedbecauseoflifestyleswereconsideredwhollyinappropriateduringVictoriantimes.Thosewhoespousedsimilarideastendedtobepilloriedinthepress,tarred,asitwere,bythe samebrushasmeirpredecessorsmerelyforpubliclysupportingwomensrights.IntothisworldcameCharlotteBrote,thewrite匚CharlotteBrontehadbeenraisedbyafatherwhotaughthischildrentothinkforthemselves.CharlotteBrontelearnedtotrustherinstincts,thatencouragedhertobelievethatwomen,aswellasmen,hadaneedtodream,toexplore,thattheyneedexercisefortheirfaculties,andafieldfortheireffortsasmuchastheirbrothersdo.CharlotteBrontewroteinaworldinwhichtherebellionswerenotsomuchthoseofpoliticalentitlesagainstoneanotherasofindividualswhorecognizedaneedtostretchtheirwingsandexploretheirabilitiesanddesiresmorefullythanthesocietyallowed.AllexperiencesofCharlotteBronteherself,hersisters,andherfemalefriendshasatschoolandworkcombinedwithherownideasofromanticlove,gleanedprimarilyfromRomanticnovelsandpoetry,andhermiserableexperienceresultedinherbravepersonalityandhelpedhertocreatethenovelJaneEyre.So,fromCharlotteBronte^sworks,especialyherautobiographyJaneEyre,wecanseeCharlottewastellingJane'sstoryfromherownadultperspectiveandinherownwords.BeTheanalysisoffemaleconsciousnessinCharlotteBronte^sJaneEyrelJane^smiserableexperienceWidelyconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestnovelsintheEnglishlanguage,CharlotteBronte'ssemi-autobiographicalepicmasterpieceisbroughttolifeinoneconcisevolume.Theclassicstoryofastrongwilledwomangrowingupin19thcenturyinEnglandispresentedasanexcitingandfast-pacedvividnovel.InJane Eyre,CharlotteBrontesuccessfullycreatedacharaterJaneasastrong-willed,courageousandindependantgirl,andJanetmiserableexperienceresultedinherbravepersonality.Janeisapoororphanlivingwithheraunt.Shehasnoimmediatefamilyandthepeoplewhoaresupposedtobeher"family^arecrueltowardsher.JohnReed,Jane'scousin,saystoherthatshewasadependant,mamasays:youhavenomoney,yourfatherleftyounone,yououghttobeg,andnotliveherewithgentlemen^childrenlikeus,andeatthesamemealswedo,andwearclothesatourmama，sexpense.JohnobviouslyfeelsasthoughJaneisnotworthyofhisfamily.Heimpliesthatsheisofalowerclassbecausesheisnotofugentlemen5schildren'XCharlotteBronte,1992).WhileJaneistechnicallynotofthepoorclass,sheisnotofthewealthyclasseithe匚Sheisalmostinalimbobetweenservantandmaster.Thisisalsoarecurrentthemethroughoutthestoryasshebecomesagoverness,awomanwhoisheldinhigherregardratherthanasevantbutnotthemaste匚"Johnhadnotmuchaffectionforhismotherandsisters,andanantipathytome,Hebulliedandpunishedme;nottwoorthreetimesintheweek,noronceortwiceintheday,butcontinually:everynerveIhadfearedhim,andeverymorseloffleshinmybonesshrankwhenhecamenear.ThereweremomentswhenIwasbewilderedbytheterrorheinspired,becauseIhadnoappealwhateveragainsteitherhismenacesorhisinflictions;theservantsdidnotliketooffendtheiryoungmasterbytakingmypartagainsthim,and Mrs.Reedwasblindanddeafonthesubject;sheneversawhimstrikeorheardhimabuseme,thoughhedidbothnowandtheninherverypresence,morefrequently,however,behindherback."(CharlotteBronte,1992)ThisparagraphshowsthatJanehasalwayssufferedfrommistreatmentbyheraunt'sfamily.InLowood,WhenthesupporteroftheLowoodschool-M匚BrocklehurstscoldedJaneinfrontofthestaffandallthegirls.Janeutteredsuchasigh:"TherewasI,then,mountedaloft;whohadsaidIcouldnotbeartheshameofstandingonmynaturalfeetinthemiddleoftheroom,wasnowexposedtogenegralviewonapedestalofinfamy：(ibid,304)Whatmysensationswerenolanguagecandescribe.”WhenJanesawHelenwasdismissedindisgracefromahistoryclassandsenttostandinthemiddleofthelargeclassroom.ShetoldHelenthat"IfIwereyouinyourplaceandshestruckme,Ishouldgetthestickfromherbandandbeatitunderhernose：Youaregoodtothosewhoaregoodtoyou.ThatisallIdesiretobe.Butwhenwearestruckwithoutareason,weshouldstrikebackveryhard'XJaneEyre,455)InLowoodOrphanage,shewasdifferentfromtheothergirls.That^sallreflectedthefeminisminthisnovel.JanesaidtoHelenBurns“togainsomerealaffectionfromyou,orMissTemple,oranyotherwhomItrulylove,Iwouldwillinglysubmittohavetheboneofmyarmbroken,ortoletabulltossme,ortostandbehindakickinghorse,andletitdashitshoofatmychest”.Yet,overthecourseofthebook,Janemustlearnhowtogainlovewithoutsacrificingandharmingherselfintheprocess.AtLowood,JaneMissTemple,whohasnopowerintheworldatlarge,butpossessesgeatspiritualstrengthandcharm.NotonlydoessheshelterJanefrompain, shealsoencouragesherintellectualdevelopmen匚OfMissTemple,Janewrites:shehadstoodbymeinthesteadofmother,governess,andlatterly,companion.JanealsofindsacomfortingmodelinHelenBurns,whoselessonsinstaminateachJaneaboutself-worthandthepoweroffaith.Throughtheseillustrations,wecouldconcludethatJanehadexperiencedadepressedlifeinherchildhood.EventhoughJaneleftLowoodschoolandstartedanotherindependantlifeasatutor,shestillhadalowsocialstatustillshemetwithMr.Rochester.2.Jane，sdeterminationandpersonalityinthestruggleforloveandequalityWhenJaneEyremetwithdifficultiesorevendespairsufferings,shealwaysexpressedstrongdeterminationtofightforequalityeitherinlivingorlove.Janeisayoungwomanwhofaceshardshipswithgreatdetermination.RaisedbyMrsRead,acruelaunt,sheissenttoLowood,ableakcharityschoolrunbythetyrannicalM.rBrocklehurst,wheresheendursalonelyandsadlife.Janefacestheprospectsofayoungwomanlackingthesocialadvantagesoffamily,money,andbeauty,andthereforeespeciallyvulnerabletothefascinationofadmirationandsecurity.Janeenduressomuchsufferingthroughoutthenovel一JanesuffersthroughthecrueltreatmentofLowoodbeacauseherauntwantstomarryherbelovedRochester.OntheeveofJane，sdeparturefromheraunt^shome,JanedenouncedMrs.Reedinangry:“YouthinkIhavenofeelings,andthatIcandowithoutonebitofloveorkindness;butIcannotliveso,thoughIcriedout,whilesufferingwithdistress?"Howmercy!HowmercyMrsReedis!Peoplethinkyouagoodwoman,butyouare badandhardhearted.Youaredeceitful!Iamgladyouhavenorelationwithme.IwillnevercallyouauntagainaslongasIlive.IfanyoneaskedmehowIlikedyou,andhowyoutreatedme,Iwillsaythatyouhavenopity,andthatyoutreatedmewithnomiserablecruelty.YouthinkIhavenofeelingsandthatIcandowithoutonebitofloveorkindness.Ishallrememberhowyouthrustmeback-roughlyandviolentlythrustmeback-intothered—room：ThesewordshadshockedMrs.Readandevenmadeherfeelfrightened.AndJanefeltsomethingpleasureofsuccess.InschoolofLowood,Janewitnessedandexperiencedkindsofinhumantreatment,andtheseoccurrencesmadeJanemoremature.WhenherbestfriendHelensufferedfromsupervisor^scold.Janeburstintotheflamesofrevengeandresistance:“Ifpeoplewerealwayskindandobedienttothosewhoarecruelandunjust,thewickedpeoplewouldhaveitalltheirownway,theywouldneverfeelafraidandsotheywouldneveralter,butwouldgrowworseandworse.Whenwearestruckatwithoutareason,weshouldstrikebackagainveryhard]Jane'sself-esteem,self-love,self-relianceandherpersistentpursuitforequalityhadmovedMr.RochesterwhoisthehostofthemanorJaneworkedfor.AndMr,Rochester^enthusiasticandkindattitudehadinspiredJanelove.Shedeclaredherdetermination:“DoyouthinkIcanstaytobecomenothingtoyou?DoyouthinkIamautomation?Amachinewithoutfeelings?Anddoyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure,plainandlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?Youthinkwrong.whenshewentbacktoM匚Rochester^side,shedeclaredherlove:"Iloveyoubetternow,whenIcanreallybeusefultoyou,thanIdidinyourstateofproudindependence,whenyou disdainedeverypartbutthatofthegiverandprorecto匚”Withregardtolove,Janealsotriedherbesttopursuetherighttoenjoylovealthoughasatutorwhohadlowstatusincontemporarysociety.Throughherperformancessheconveyedastrongsensesofindependenceandthespiritofhumanequality.ManyreaderswhoreadJaneEyremusthaveadeepimpressiononJaneEyre9sunyieldingandrebeliouspersonalityandherstrongdesirefortheequalityofmenandwomen,Shewasatypcialrepresentativewhosufferedfromoppessions,insultsanddamageinBritainatthattime.Buttherestillaremanyactsandwordsshowedhercompromiseandhesitationinherpurisuitofindendence.Atfrist,shedarednottoconfrontwithloveforMr.Rocheste匚WhensheguessedMr.Rocesterwouldmarryanothermorebeautifullady,shethoughtaloud:"hewouldneveronceturnhiseyesinmydirection-becauseIsawallhisattentionsappropriatedbyagreatlady,whoscornedtotouchmewiththehemofherrobesasshepassed.Icouldnotunlovehim,becauseIfeelsurehewouldsoonmarrythisveryladybecauseIreaddailyinheraproudsecurityinhisintentionsrespectingherbecauseIwitnessedhourlyinhimastyleofcourtshipwhich,ifchoosingrathertobesoughtthantoseek,wasyet,initsverycarelessness,captivatingandinitsverypride,irresistible.^ThesewordsexpressedJane'slackofconfidenceandcompromise.InordertoinspireJanetslove,Mi;RochesterdisguisedasaGypsywomanwhocouldtellothers'fortunes,andhesaidtoJane:“Youarecold,becauseyouarealone:nocontactstrikesthefirefromyouthatisinyou.Youaresick;becausethebestoffeelings,thehighestandthesweetestgiventoman,keepsfarawayfromyou.Youare silly,because,sufferasyoumay,youwillnotbeckonittoapproach,norwillyoustironesteptomeetitwhereitwaitsyou：TherearemanyexamplestoillustrateJanetscompromisestorestraintfromreligion,commoncustomsandlaws.Aftertheseexperiences,shehasbecomemorestrongandcourageous.WhenshegotthenewsthatMr.Rochesterhadbecomeblindandgottenintotroubles,andatthattime,Janehadbeenaindependantandwealthywoman.ButJanestillsetuptoreturntoherlover^ssidewithoutanyhesitation.ShesaidtoMr.Rochester”Iwillbeyourneighbor,yournurse,yourhousekeeper.Ifindyoulonely,Iwillbeyourcompanion-toreadtoyou,towalkwithyou,tositwithyou,towaitforyou,tobeeyesandhandstoyou.Ceasetolooksomelancholy,mydearmaster;youshallnotbeleftdesolate,solongasIlive?"However,Mr.Rochesterisnotthemanwhowasproudandrich,hewassicklyanddisabled,butJaneassumed:Whicharenone,sir,tome.Iloveyoubetternow,whenIcanreallybeusefultoyou,thanIdidinyourstateofproudindependence,whenyoudisdainedeverypartbutthatofthegiverandprotecto匚”Throughthesewords,wecouldlearnthatJanehadbeenindependentandmature,shehadbrokentheshacklesofthetraditionalsecular,andfinallyrealizedherpursuitofequalitybetweenmaleandfemale.Sheissuchapersonwhofoughtwiththepowerfulforcesforownindependentandsurvivalvalue.C・ThecomparisonofJaneEyreandCharlotteBronteDuringCharlotte'swritingcareer,shewroteaboutfournovels,JaneEyrewasalwaysconsideredasCharlotte^experienceoflifebymanyreadersandsomeofthem evenregardedJaneasCharlotte.Itisreasonable.Ontheonehand,mostplotsinthisnovelwerebasedonherreallife.TherearemanyaspectsofJanetsyongeryearsthatarerelatedtoBronte^sreallife,suchasgrowingenvironment,educationalbackgroundandworkingexperiences.CharlottegrewuponthedesolatemoorsofYorkshirewhichprovidethesettingforthebook.LikeJane,shelosthermotheratayoungage,wasraisedbyanaunt,andsentwithhersisterstoareligiousschoolwhereharsh,unsanitaryconditionsspawnedatyphoidepidemicwhichsheescapedbutinwhichhertwosistersdied.Janewasanorphan,andlikehe匚UnlikeJane,Charlottedidstillhavealoving,albeitpoor,fatherandsiblingstosustainherduringherformativeyears,andherauntwasnotcruelliketheauntinthestoryBrontespenttimeataboardingschoolcalledRoeHeadthatissimilartoLowoodschoolBronte'ssisterdiedatschoolwithhermuchasJane，sfriendHelendiedfromanillness.CharlotteBrontewasalsodescribeasbeingplainlooking,acharacteristicthatJaneEyreusestodescribeherselfLaterinlife,Charlotte,likeJane,workedforatimeasagoverness,andfellinlovewiththemarriedheadmasterataschoolinwhichshewasenrolled.Theheadmasterdidnothaveacomplicated,tragicpastlikeJanetsMr.Rochester,andnothingevercameofCharlotte^feelingstowardhim.Intheirbothlives,anepidemicoftyphusbrokeout.InCharlotte^case,theepidemicclaimedthelivesoftwoofhersistersasJanetsfriendHelendiedfromanillness.CharlotteBrontewasalsodescribedasbeingplainlooking,acharacteristicthatJaneEyreusestodescribeherself. Earlyin1983CharlottereceivedaproposalfromHenryNussey,thebrotheroftheschoolfriend,shecaredforhim,butnotinthewayshethoughtawifeshouldcareforahusband.JustlikeJane,duringtheperiodwhenJaneEyrelivedinMoorHouse,shereceivedaproposalofmarriagefromStJohnRivers,whotriedtopersuadedhertomarryhimandhelphimdomissionaryworkinIndia.Jane，srejectiontoSt.JohnRiverremindsusCharlotte^rejectiontoHenryNussey.InJaneEyre.Janefellinlovewithhermaster,Mr.Rochester,amarriedman.Theylovedeachother.However,becauseRochestergotamadwife,therewasgreatfrustrationfacingwithMr.RochesterandJaneEyre.Theytastedthebitternessoflove.ThisisjustthesamewithCharlotte'sloveexperiencewhenshefellinlovewithMonsieurHeger,amarriedman.TheendsweredifferentthoughbothCharlotteandJanetslovewasprofoundandstrong.Tothispoint,JaneandCharlottearedifferent.ItistruethatJane，sstronglovetowardRochesterisjustwhatCharlottewanted.CharlotteBrontehadanunhappyexperienceasagirlattendingadismalschoolverysimilartoLowood.Oneofhersistersdiedasaresultofattendingtheschool,andIbelievethecharacterofJanefsfriendHelenisbasedonher.Fromtheabveanalysis,wecangetaconclusionthatCharlotteBrontetriedtoexpressherownlifeandherfemaleconsciousnessbyJaneEyre.XjjodojduEiuspauSojAo屮t0ouu]uquisojojjoXpuuabXu]dpuupuujsjopunXoqjY结o[oipXsdpupKSoioisAqdjpqiqjiMKuouunqui心!p?nbopnuojjpojpKBjpodpuuS0pi[unb[Bioodss4u0iuom0zi|B0jAo屮Y[sno0innuodsS0Ai|jpq)qsi|qu)S9o) SQnissooouijbjoao^sSuioqupuinqo)Suipjooou6s8upquuuinqjosojnqijnuiBSJOAiun0屮joouosiuopuznuQjsiqj久gipos0屮uisiosfqns0屮susoapsuioqj^ziibojuqiuom:sjoodsuuiuiujnojuijsqjiueiussousnopsuooo[euiojjojuoujoaojduiipuuSuiuq^umoq打：)e屮pouiippSunjngpupuiynjsjpjoqDSX;isjOAiufiSui^jXpposujrapouiaq)uissausnopsuoo叫euior*g•Xjo)siqujjq)-Suoiui)nopodiMuooqjousuqsjuidssjji§§ui)ioa9joq丄-Xiqioosujopouiui^ouuoijiuSispo§BjuuApejoXquoMsia阴duv[久卩uonbosuo。-oiupjuqjuiujkiguioSuuiuppunsijnsuT4suoissojddouiojjpojojjnsoqMOAnnjuosojdoj{POidAipsbmoqg•ojnjpjojifqspugjoXioisiquiSuuosuoidusisiq£'(S66I"真踊輻)./osodxsuuooqMs)sipaoupunsjoiujuouiuioo^supiopijod[]B)e屮sqjnjj(PT3OSpun[uoinfodOJOUIosodxoo]uopdijosopZiqAOiupuu代。」jpqijo9snso^uiuoqs”:pluspuuuibjuquiJSipAOUJU9H03X0QUOSUM刃10[」叫。叫肮。屮XEJ^-UQUIOMpUUU0UIJOXjlJBnbs。屮joj;qSy01;soqj^qpopjoqssjuouiojinbojSuojisjoqpupX)T]uuosjodsnoinoqojpupSuippiXuns;0jXgouufuo•uoissoaduiidwppoaei[isnui弘的duv[puoaoqMsuopuojAubuios•juouioAouis^uouiomujopouisoSujnoouQpunsojuinuipsosjbjnq'oSyUUIJOIOIA0屮JOSJQpPOJvSU^UMU“UOJOU加臼3UVf'”ooq1U9J§Psyssausnopsuo3dfeuiajoipjo93UB3ijiu§isaqj-yuoisnpuo3aiandcanworkwithmaninharmony"(LiLi,2004)eIthinkthestandardsofwakeningshouldincludethesexconsciousness,which requireswomentobeself-respectiveandself-confidentbutnotself-abasedandself-flabby;theycantakeacoiTectjudgmentonthetwosexes,insistingonsexualequality,butnotthemalesuperioritynorthefemaleinferiorityorwomansupremacists;thefemalegroupsconsciousness5awakeningbeginwithself-respect,self-confidence,independence,andtowardstofemalegroups9self-reliance.Nowadays,withthedevelopmentoffeminist,thestatusofwomenisupdugratedtoomuch.Theyhavetherighttobeeducated,havetherighttochoosetheirmarriage.Inmanyfields,theyareadmirtedbythesociety.Theytrytheirbesttofulfilltheirdreams,socialresponsibilities,personalobligations,meanwhiletheyknowtheirself-featureswellandtakepartinsocialactivitiesintheirownways.Inmodernsociety,therearesomesuccessfulwomen.Whattheythinkasthemostimportantthingisknowledge.Justastheysaid:"Cosmeticsandclothingcanbeautifyourfaceandbody，whilebookscanbeautifyourhearttokeepusyouthforeverinthoughts?5FromtheabovewecanseeJaneisagoodmodelforwomeninallaspectsofherself-esteem,self-confidence,respect,independence,herviewsonlove,hercourage,herspiritandidears.Wecanalsoseeanewwomen，scontemporaryimagefromJane:self-esteem,self-respect,self-reliance,self-improvement,andforitsownpersonality,emotional,lifeJudgmentandchoiceoftheidearsandpersistentpursuit.ThisischarismaofJaneEyre,aswellasthepurposeofthispaper. 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AcknowledgementsIwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthispape匚AspecialacknowledgementshouldbeshowntomytutorMs.xie,fromwhoseinstructionsandmodificationsIbenefitedgreatly.Besides,Iwishtoextendmythankstomyfamilyandmyfriendswhogavemelotsofusefuladvice.