考研英语：翻译真题精讲.doc

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1、考研英语：翻译真题精讲（3）　一、全真试题　　Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestionisusuallyput.Itsoundslikeauseful，ground-clearingwaytostart.（71）Actually，itisn’t，becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights，whichissomethingtheworlddoesnothave.　　Ononeviewofrights，tobesure，itnecessarilyfollo

2、wsthatanimalshavenone.72）Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract，aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.Therefore，animalscannothaverights.Theideaofpunishingatigerthatkillssomebodyisabsurd，forexactlythesamereason，soistheideathattigershaverights.However，thisi

3、sonlyoneaccount，andbynomeansanuncontestedone.Itdeniesrightsnotonlytoanimalsbutalsotosomepeople—forinstance，toinfants，thementallyincapableandfuturegenerations.Inaddition，itisunclearwhatforceacontractcanhaveforpeoplewhoneverconsentedtoit:howdoyoureplytosomebodywhosays“Idon’tlikethisc

4、ontract?”　　Thepointisthis:withoutagreementontherightsofpeople,arguingabouttherightsofanimalsisfruitless.（73）Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:itinvitesyoutothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationhumansextendtootherhumans，orwithnoconsiderationatall.Thisisaf

5、alsechoice.Bettertostartwithanother，morefundamentalquestion:isthewaywetreatanimalsamoralissueatall?　　Manydenyit.（74）Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect，extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimalslieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.Anyregardforthesufferingo

6、fanimalsisseenasamistake—asentimentaldisplacementoffeelingthatshouldproperlybedirectedtootherhumans.　　Thisview，whichholdsthattorturingamonkeyismorallyequivalenttochoppingwood,mayseembravely“logical”.Infactitissimplyshallow:theethicalequivalentoflearningtocrawl—istoweighothersintere

7、stsagainstone’sown.Thisinturnrequiressympathyandimagination:withoutwhichthereisnocapacityformoralthought.Toseeananimalinpainisenough,formost,toengagesympathy.（75）Whenthathappens,itisnotamistake:itismankind’sinstinctformoralreasoninginaction,aninstinctthatshouldbeencouragedrathertha

8、nlaughedat.　　二、翻译题解　　（71）A