考研英语：翻译真题精讲(1).doc

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1、凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！考研英语：翻译真题精讲（1）　一、全真试题　　Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicalteststhatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting，classifying，assigning，orpromotingstudents，employees，andmilitarypersonnelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks，magazines，thedailypress，andeveninCongress.（71）Thetargetiswrong，fori

2、nattackingthetests，criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlieswithill-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemselvesaremerelytools，withcharacteristicsthatcanbemeasuredwithreasonableprecisionunderspecifiedconditions.Whethertheresultswillbevaluable，meaningless，orevenmisleadingdependspartlyuponthetoolit

3、selfbutlargelyupontheuser.　　Allinformedpredictionsoffutureperformancearebaseduponsomeknowledgeofrelevantpastperformance:schoolgrades，researchproductivity，salesrecords，orwhateverisappropriate.（72）Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount，reliability，andappropriatenes

4、softheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.Anyonewhokeepscarefulscoreknowsthattheinformationavailableisalwaysincompleteandthatthepredictionsarealwayssubjecttoerror.　　Standardizedtestsshouldbeconsideredinthiscontext.Theyprovideaquickobjectivemethodofgettingsomekindsofinforma

5、tionaboutwhatapersonlearned，theskillshehasdeveloped，orthekindofpersonheis.Theinformationsoobtainedhas，qualitatively，thesameadvantagesandshortcomingsasotherkindsofinformation.（73）Whethertousetests，otherkindsofinformation，orbothinaparticularsituationdepends，therefore，upontheevidencefromexperienceconc

6、erningcomparativevalidityanduponsuchfactorsascostandavailability.　　（74）Ingeneral,thetestsworkmosteffectivelywhenthequalitiestobemeasuredcanbemostpreciselydefinedandleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredicatedcannotbewelldefined.Properlyused，theyprovidearapidmeansofgettingcomparableinformation

7、aboutmanypeople.Sometimestheyidentifystudentswhosehighpotentialhasnotbeenpreviouslyrecognized，buttherearemanythingstheydonotdo.（75）Forexample，theydonotcompensateforgrosssocialinequality，andthusdonottellhowa