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GrammarandusageObjectcomplement 英语的五个基本结构S+Vi.主谓结构S+Link-V.+P主系表结构S+Vt.+O主谓宾结构S+Vt.+O1+O2主谓双宾结构S+Vt.+O+C主谓宾补结构 指出下列句子的句型结构。1.Timeflies.2.Ilikemusic.3.Hewasexcited.4.Thedishtastesdelicious.5.Hebringsmeanappleeveryday.6.Isenthimabook.7.SheteachesusEnglish.8.Iheardhimsinging. 一.宾语补足语对宾语做出进一步的补充和说明。宾语补足语放在宾语后面用来补充说明宾语所表示的人或事物所发出来的动作，或者说明宾语的状语的特征，身份等。TheycalledherLoulanBeauty.Wefoundtheruinsmostbeautiful. 二.宾语补足语通常用于以下结构：动词+宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语可以常常由名词词组或形容词担任。Weconsiderourmathsteacheragoodfriend.Wefindourhistoryteacherpatient. 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1.名词：Wemadehimourmonitor.Theyconsideredthisgoodadvice.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：make,find,call,name,elect,think,appoint,choose,consider,keep,wish,feel等。 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee（委员会）. 2.形容词：Youshouldkeepyourroomclean.We’dbetterleavethedooropen.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut等。可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有： 三.有时动词不定式也可以充当宾语补足语。动词不定式在某些动词后做宾语补足语要省略to。Mymotheraskedmetocleanmybedroom.Heoftenmakesthepeoplearoundhimlaugh. 动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作，常分为两种：(1)带to的不定式，常见的跟带to的不定式作宾补的动词有advise，cause，allow，ask，invite，teach，tell，want，like，askfor，order，waitfor... (2)不带to的不定式，常见的跟不带to的不定式作宾补的动词包括感官动词，如see，hear，watch，notice，feel...和使役动词，如let，make，have...（注：在被动语态中，动词不定式前要加上to） 4.介词短语也可以做宾语补足语。(1)Pleasekeepthecat____(出去).(2)Iamoftenkept_______(在家)alldaylongonSunday.outathome 5.宾语补足语通常在单复数形式上与宾语保持一致。ShemadeJoeher____(friend)inChina.ShemadeJoeandSueher____(friends)inChina.friendfriends ---Didyoufindanythingspecialwhenyouwenttotheclassroom?---No,Ididn’t.---Youfoundthedooropen,didn’tyou?---Oh,yes.ButIfoundnobodyintheclassroom.ObjectcomplementSituationone (1)Wemadehim________(主席)ofourStudents’Union.(2)Ifindthenovel__________.(有趣)(3)Wefoundthedoor______.(开着的）(4)Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself_______(hear).(5)6.Shewasfound______(lie)atthecorner,dead.Fillintheblankswiththeobjectcomplement.chairmaninterestingopenheardlying Morepracticewithanobjectcompliment: ---WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter?---Ifindit________________.---Whathappenedtotheman?---Themanwaskept________.veryinterestinginprison (1)Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity!(2)Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingsburiedunderthesand,togetherwithalotoftreasures.(3)Wefoundtheruinsmostinteresting.Findoutsimilarexampleswithanobjectcomplementfromthereadingpassage. With的复合结构 with+宾语+宾补(1).with+宾语+介词短语Shesaidgoodbyetouswithtearsinhereyes.(2).with+宾语+形容词/副词Itisbadmannerstospeakwithyourmouthfull. (3).with+宾语+不定式(将来的动作)Withsomuchworktodo,wecan’tgoplaying.(4).with+宾语+-ing形式(动作正在进行)Withaboyleadingtheway,theystartedoff.(5).with+宾语+过去分词(被动或完成)Withtheproblemssettledweallfeltveryhappy. Either...or...和Neither...nor... ---IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiang’s110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing._____you__yourdesk-matecanhaveit.---IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?---ItisonnextMonday.---Oh,whatapity.Iamafraid______I___mydesk-matecanenjoyit.将下列对话补充完整。EitherneitherEither…orandneither…norornor (1)Either…or…canbeusedtoexpresstheideaofalternatives.e.g.YoucanchooseeitherAorB,whichmeansyouhavetwochoices,i.e,youcanchooseanyoneofthetwo. Situation---WhichlanguagecanIusetowritethespeech?(inEnglish/inChinese)---YoucanwritethespeecheitherinEnglishorinChinese. (2)Neither…nor…canbeusedtojointwonegativeideastogether.e.g.NeitherAnorBisproperinquestionone,whichmeansAisnotproper,andBisnotpropereither. Situation---Whosefaultisit?(notyours/notmine)---Itisneitheryourfaultnormine.It’syourfriendJack’sfault. ---WhichonecanItake,Sir?---Iamafraid,youcantake_________________________.neitherthegunnorthecigarMorepractice ---WherecanIstayonSaturdaynight,Sir?---Youcanstay_____intheclassroom___inthedormitory.eitheror 1.Thepeople’srepublicofChina____(be)foundedin1949.2.Thefoodtheyofferedontheplane___(be)delicious.Theverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisasingularnounoranuncountablenoun.waswasSubject-verbagreementFillintheblankswiththerightverbforms: 3.Twohours__(be)notenoughforsomuchhomework.4.Twentythousanddollars__(be)alargeamountofmoneytome.isisTheverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectisaphraseofmeasurement,money,atitle,anameordistance. Allofus____________(attend)thelectureaboutPompeii.Mostofthelecture___(be)abouthowtheancientcitywasdiscovered.Ispentonly30yuanbuyingbooksandtherestofmoney___(be)spentonmyfood.haveattendedwaswas Whenthesubjectisallof/someof/halfof+noun/pronoun,theverbagreeswiththenounandpronoun. Anexpertwithsomeassistants___(be)senttoworkinGansuProvince.Noonexcepttwoteachers________(know)thesecret.XiaoMingaswellashisparents__(be)interestedinmusic.Whenthesubjectfollowedbywith/togetherwith/aswellas/,theverbagreeswiththesubject.wasknowsis Eithertheteamleaderortheguides___(be)lookingafterthestudents.Neithernoodlesnorrice__(be)delicioustoday.Eitheryouortheheadmaster___(be)tohandoutprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.areiswas NotonlyyoubutalsoI___(be)puzzledatherworriedlook.Whenneither…nor/either…or/notonly…butalso…areusedtojointhesubjectsofasentence,theverbagreeswiththesubjectclosesttoit.am Hisfamily__(be)tomovetothecountrysidenextmonth.Hisfamily___all(be)fondofpopularmusic.Ourschool__(be)akeyschoolinJiangsuProvince.Ourschool___doing(do)morningexercisesnowontheplayground.isareisare Whenthesubjectisagroupnounlike:class/family/government/team…,weuseasingularverbifthenounidentifiesasingularorunit,orapluralverbifitidentifiesanumberofindividuals. 主谓一致练习1.Eachofyou___responsiblefortheaccident.a.amb.bec.isd.are2.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishavingSubject-verbagreement 3.Everymeans____triedbutwithoutmuchresult.a.hasbeenb.havebeenc.ared.is4.There______inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture 5.Themanagerorhisassistant___planningtogo.a.wereb.arec.wasd.be6.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris__fondofplayingbasketball.a.amb.isc.ared.was7.NeitherTomnorhisparents_athome.a.isb.arec.hasd.was 8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal___themeeting.a.attendsb.Attendc.areattendingd.haveattended9._____waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher 10.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”a.Willbeb.Isc.Ared.Were11.Threehours____enoughforustofinishthetask.a.areb.hasc.isd.were12.Mostofhissavings___intheXinHuaBank.a.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept 13.Allthatcanbedone______.a.hasdoneb.hasbeendonec.havedoned.havebeendone14.Oneorperhapsmorepages______.a.ismissingb.hasbeenmissedc.aremissingd.wasmissing15.Morethanoneworker____dismissed.a.havebeenb.arec.hasbeend.has 16.Manyastudent___theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizec.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized17.Thegasworks____nearthecity.a.isb.arec.wered.be 18.Thesurroundingsofhishouse___cleannow.a.isb.arec.wasd.were19.Thecommittee___overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.a.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguingc.havearguedd.havebeenarguing 20.Thepublic______generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.a.isb.wasc.ared.hasbee
