初中英语语法复习现在完成时课件.ppt

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Heisfull.Hehashadabigbreakfast.1.过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。功能： Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿)通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just（刚刚）,already（已经）,before,yet（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还）never,ever等状语连用①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework. IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears2.过去某一时间点发生的动作持续到现在或还将持续下去。 Ihavebeenhereforjustovertwoyears.Hehasworkedheresince1989.从1989年，通常和for（段时间）,since（点时间）引导的时间状语连用.以及sofar,bynow,thesedays,inthelasttenyears等连用。①Ihaven’tseenherthesedays.②ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.③Theyhavelivedheresince1990. 注意点一：现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastnight,twoweeksago等试比较：Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）Itaughthereforfifteenyears.我过去在这儿教过十五年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了） 基本结构Thepresentperfecttensehave/has+done助动词（可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句） 注意点三：havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法1、have(has)beenin表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗来上海已经有三天了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他们到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用，例如：Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhoubefore?你以前曾经去过杭州吗？Have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3、have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。 1.Hehascleanedhisroom.(写一个一般疑问句）Hashecleanedhisroom?2.ShehaslivedinLondonforfouryears.(划线部分提问）HowlonghasshelivedinLondon? 3.HehasbeentoChina,________?（写出反义疑问句部分）hasn’the4.Theyhavecomebackfromwork.(写否定句）Theyhaven’tcomebackfromwork. WhatarethekeywordsforthePresentPerfectTense? A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.KeywordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句和否定句中 A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.KeywordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever曾经用于疑问句中never从不带有否定意义 I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)KeywordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust刚刚与现在完成时连用一般置句中Justnow刚才与一般过去时连用 Tom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Keywordshasworkedyeteverneversincealreadysince后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子 A:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.Keywordshavetaughtyeteverneversinceforalready+一段时间 We_______only____________100treessofar.(answer)Keywordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustalreadysofar到目前为止 Keywordsyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofarinthepast10yearstwice也可以是其他表示次数的词howlong Someverbscan'toftenbeusedwith"for"or"since"Hehasboughtthebook.Hehasboughtthebookforaweek.Hehashadthebookforaweek.buyhavecome/go/gettobeinjoinbeinbea…memberleavebeawayborrowkeepbeginbeonfinishbeoverdiebedeadreturebeback PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectShehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashad PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashad PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectAnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeenin PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldiercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveleftShanghaifor3days.beenawayfor3days.cometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenaway PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskept PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenon PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfinishhave/hasbeenover PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfinishhave/hasbeenoverdiehave/hasbeendead canyoudistinguish?havebeentohavegonetohavebeenin去过某地已经回来常与ever,never,once,twice,连用一直留在某地与for/since连用用howlong提问去了某地还没回来不与只用于第三人称Hersister_____________Australia,Sheleftthismorning.hasgoneto canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:WhereisBob?B:He____________Japanwithhissister.hasgoneto canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:Howlong____you_______China?B:I_________herefor3years.havebeenhavebeenin canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:_____youever________thecity?B:No,never.Havebeento ThepasttenseorthepresentperfecttenseWe____________eachothersincechildhood.We____________eachotherwhenwewereyoung.knowhaveknownknew ThepasttenseorthepresentperfecttenseI________himjustnow.(see)I_____just_____mypen.(lose)sawhavelost ThepasttenseorthepresentperfecttenseHowlong______you______intheUnitedstates?(live)When_____you______here?(move)havedidmovelived ThepasttenseorthepresentperfecttenseA:When______you______thefilm?B:I____ittwomonthsago.(see)Thewriter________________severalstory-bookssince5yearsago.(finish)didhasfinishedseesaw